2 research outputs found
Decoding-complexity-aware HEVC encoding using a complexity–rate–distortion model
The energy consumption of Consumer Electronic (CE) devices during media playback is inexorably linked to the computational complexity of decoding compressed video. Reducing a CE device's the energy consumption is therefore becoming ever more challenging with the increasing video resolutions and the complexity of the video coding algorithms. To this end, this paper proposes a framework that alters the video bit stream to reduce the decoding complexity and simultaneously limits the impact on the coding efficiency. In this context, this paper (i) first performs an analysis to determine the trade-off between the decoding complexity, video quality and bit rate with respect to a reference decoder implementation on a General Purpose Processor (GPP) architecture. Thereafter, (ii) a novel generic decoding complexity-aware video coding algorithm is proposed to generate decoding complexity-rate-distortion optimized High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) bit streams.
The experimental results reveal that the bit streams generated by the proposed algorithm achieve 29.43% and 13.22% decoding complexity reductions for a similar video quality with minimal coding efficiency impact compared to the state-of-the-art approaches when applied to the HM16.0 and openHEVC decoder implementations, respectively. In addition, analysis of the energy consumption behavior for the same scenarios reveal up to 20% energy consumption reductions while achieving a similar video quality to that of HM 16.0 encoded HEVC bit streams
Sweet Streams are Made of This: The System Engineer's View on Energy Efficiency in Video Communications
In recent years, the global use of online video services has increased
rapidly. Today, a manifold of applications, such as video streaming, video
conferencing, live broadcasting, and social networks, make use of this
technology. A recent study found that the development and the success of these
services had as a consequence that, nowadays, more than 1% of the global
greenhouse-gas emissions are related to online video, with growth rates close
to 10% per year. This article reviews the latest findings concerning energy
consumption of online video from the system engineer's perspective, where the
system engineer is the designer and operator of a typical online video service.
We discuss all relevant energy sinks, highlight dependencies with
quality-of-service variables as well as video properties, review energy
consumption models for different devices from the literature, and aggregate
these existing models into a global model for the overall energy consumption of
a generic online video service. Analyzing this model and its implications, we
find that end-user devices and video encoding have the largest potential for
energy savings. Finally, we provide an overview of recent advances in energy
efficiency improvement for video streaming and propose future research
directions for energy-efficient video streaming services.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazin