2 research outputs found
Big Data: development, advancement and implementation organizations in information age
With the advancement of the information age and
knowledge, new techniques have been designed
to allow the development, creation and evolution
of strategies, tools and applications that facilitate
internal and external actions of organizations. The
purpose of this article is to show the results of a
literature review of one of these techniques: Big
Data. The methodology consisted of a review of
the Scopus database throughout the last two years
(2014-2016). Based on the findings, the
importance, advantages and disadvantages of this
application are discussed. It was clear that the use of Big Data is an important technique that
contributes to handling large volumes of
information and is used in the field of technology
management in organizations; it confirmed the
existence of organizations who, thanks to the
implementation and use of Big Data, have
managed to increase their competitiveness over
other organization. Big Data has allowed them to
reduce costs in operations, to ease processes, to
design new business models and to take
organizational decisions that have become more
difficult to take because the volume of information
increases constantly
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The Effect of Police Body-Worn Cameras on Use of Force and Citizens’ Complaints Against the Police: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objective: Police use-of-force continues to be a major source of international concern, inviting interest by academics and practitioners alike. Whether justified or unnecessary/excessive, the exercise of power by the police can potentially tarnish their relationship with the community. Police misconduct can translate into complaints against the police, which carry large economic and social costs. The question we try to answer is: do body-worn-cameras reduce the prevalence of use-of-force and/or citizens’ complaints against the police?
Methods: We empirically tested the use of body-worn-cameras by measuring the effect of videotaping police-public encounters on incidents of police use-of-force and complaints, in randomized-controlled settings. Over 12 months, we randomly-assigned officers to “experimental-shifts” during which they were equipped with body-worn HD cameras that recorded all contacts with the public and to “control-shifts” without the cameras (n=988). We nominally defined use-of-force, both unnecessary/excessive and reasonable, as a non-desirable response in police-public encounters. We estimate the causal effect of the use of body-worn-videos on the two outcome variables using both between-group differences using a Poisson regression model as well as before-after estimates using interrupted time-series analyses.
Results: We found that the likelihood of force being used in control conditions were roughly twice those in experimental conditions. Similarly, a pre/post analysis of use-of-force and complaints data also support this result: the number of complaints filed against officers dropped from 0.7 complaints per 1,000 contacts to 0.07 per 1,000 contacts. We discuss the findings in terms of theory, research methods, policy and future avenues of research on body-worn-videos.Funding for this research was granted by Rialto Police and the Jerry Lee Centre of Experimental CriminologyThis is the accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10940-014-9236-3