389 research outputs found
Separation Framework: An Enabler for Cooperative and D2D Communication for Future 5G Networks
Soaring capacity and coverage demands dictate that future cellular networks
need to soon migrate towards ultra-dense networks. However, network
densification comes with a host of challenges that include compromised energy
efficiency, complex interference management, cumbersome mobility management,
burdensome signaling overheads and higher backhaul costs. Interestingly, most
of the problems, that beleaguer network densification, stem from legacy
networks' one common feature i.e., tight coupling between the control and data
planes regardless of their degree of heterogeneity and cell density.
Consequently, in wake of 5G, control and data planes separation architecture
(SARC) has recently been conceived as a promising paradigm that has potential
to address most of aforementioned challenges. In this article, we review
various proposals that have been presented in literature so far to enable SARC.
More specifically, we analyze how and to what degree various SARC proposals
address the four main challenges in network densification namely: energy
efficiency, system level capacity maximization, interference management and
mobility management. We then focus on two salient features of future cellular
networks that have not yet been adapted in legacy networks at wide scale and
thus remain a hallmark of 5G, i.e., coordinated multipoint (CoMP), and
device-to-device (D2D) communications. After providing necessary background on
CoMP and D2D, we analyze how SARC can particularly act as a major enabler for
CoMP and D2D in context of 5G. This article thus serves as both a tutorial as
well as an up to date survey on SARC, CoMP and D2D. Most importantly, the
article provides an extensive outlook of challenges and opportunities that lie
at the crossroads of these three mutually entangled emerging technologies.Comment: 28 pages, 11 figures, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 201
Fast Cell Discovery in mm-wave 5G Networks with Context Information
The exploitation of mm-wave bands is one of the key-enabler for 5G mobile
radio networks. However, the introduction of mm-wave technologies in cellular
networks is not straightforward due to harsh propagation conditions that limit
the mm-wave access availability. Mm-wave technologies require high-gain antenna
systems to compensate for high path loss and limited power. As a consequence,
directional transmissions must be used for cell discovery and synchronization
processes: this can lead to a non-negligible access delay caused by the
exploration of the cell area with multiple transmissions along different
directions.
The integration of mm-wave technologies and conventional wireless access
networks with the objective of speeding up the cell search process requires new
5G network architectural solutions. Such architectures introduce a functional
split between C-plane and U-plane, thereby guaranteeing the availability of a
reliable signaling channel through conventional wireless technologies that
provides the opportunity to collect useful context information from the network
edge.
In this article, we leverage the context information related to user
positions to improve the directional cell discovery process. We investigate
fundamental trade-offs of this process and the effects of the context
information accuracy on the overall system performance. We also cope with
obstacle obstructions in the cell area and propose an approach based on a
geo-located context database where information gathered over time is stored to
guide future searches. Analytic models and numerical results are provided to
validate proposed strategies.Comment: 14 pages, submitted to IEEE Transaction on Mobile Computin
Performance Comparison of Dual Connectivity and Hard Handover for LTE-5G Tight Integration in mmWave Cellular Networks
MmWave communications are expected to play a major role in the Fifth
generation of mobile networks. They offer a potential multi-gigabit throughput
and an ultra-low radio latency, but at the same time suffer from high isotropic
pathloss, and a coverage area much smaller than the one of LTE macrocells. In
order to address these issues, highly directional beamforming and a very
high-density deployment of mmWave base stations were proposed. This Thesis aims
to improve the reliability and performance of the 5G network by studying its
tight and seamless integration with the current LTE cellular network. In
particular, the LTE base stations can provide a coverage layer for 5G mobile
terminals, because they operate on microWave frequencies, which are less
sensitive to blockage and have a lower pathloss. This document is a copy of the
Master's Thesis carried out by Mr. Michele Polese under the supervision of Dr.
Marco Mezzavilla and Prof. Michele Zorzi. It will propose an LTE-5G tight
integration architecture, based on mobile terminals' dual connectivity to LTE
and 5G radio access networks, and will evaluate which are the new network
procedures that will be needed to support it. Moreover, this new architecture
will be implemented in the ns-3 simulator, and a thorough simulation campaign
will be conducted in order to evaluate its performance, with respect to the
baseline of handover between LTE and 5G.Comment: Master's Thesis carried out by Mr. Michele Polese under the
supervision of Dr. Marco Mezzavilla and Prof. Michele Zorz
Millimetre wave frequency band as a candidate spectrum for 5G network architecture : a survey
In order to meet the huge growth in global mobile data traffic in 2020 and beyond, the development of the 5th Generation (5G) system is required as the current 4G system is expected to fall short of the provision needed for such growth. 5G is anticipated to use a higher carrier frequency in the millimetre wave (mm-wave) band, within the 20 to 90 GHz, due to the availability of a vast amount of unexploited bandwidth. It is a revolutionary step to use these bands because of their different propagation characteristics, severe atmospheric attenuation, and hardware constraints. In this paper, we carry out a survey of 5G research contributions and proposed design architectures based on mm-wave communications. We present and discuss the use of mm-wave as indoor and outdoor mobile access, as a wireless backhaul solution, and as a key enabler for higher order sectorisation. Wireless standards such as IEE802.11ad, which are operating in mm-wave band have been presented. These standards have been designed for short range, ultra high data throughput systems in the 60 GHz band. Furthermore, this survey provides new insights regarding relevant and open issues in adopting mm-wave for 5G networks. This includes increased handoff rate and interference in Ultra-Dense Network (UDN), waveform consideration with higher spectral efficiency, and supporting spatial multiplexing in mm-wave line of sight. This survey also introduces a distributed base station architecture in mm-wave as an approach to address increased handoff rate in UDN, and to provide an alternative way for network densification in a time and cost effective manner
Design and Performance Analysis of Next Generation Heterogeneous Cellular Networks for the Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of inter-connected computing devices, objects and mechanical and digital machines, and the communications between these devices/objects and other Internet-enabled systems. Scalable, reliable, and energy-efficient IoT connectivity will bring huge benefits to the society, especially in transportation, connected self-driving vehicles, healthcare, education, smart cities, and smart industries.
The objective of this dissertation is to model and analyze the performance of large-scale heterogeneous two-tier IoT cellular networks, and offer design insights to maximize their performance. Using stochastic geometry, we develop realistic yet tractable models to study the performance of such networks. In particular, we propose solutions to the following research problems:
-We propose a novel analytical model to estimate the mean uplink device data rate utility function under both spectrum allocation schemes, full spectrum reuse (FSR) and orthogonal spectrum partition (OSP), for uplink two-hop IoT networks. We develop constraint gradient ascent optimization algorithms to obtain the optimal aggregator association bias (for the FSR scheme) and the optimal joint spectrum partition ratio and optimal aggregator association bias (for the OSP scheme).
-We study the performance of two-tier IoT cellular networks in which one tier operates in the traditional sub-6GHz spectrum and the other, in the millimeter wave (mm-wave) spectrum. In particular, we characterize the meta distributions of the downlink signal-to-interference ratio (sub-6GHz spectrum), the signal-to-noise ratio (mm-wave spectrum) and the data rate of a typical device in such a hybrid spectrum network. Finally, we characterize the meta distributions of the SIR/SNR and data rate of a typical device by substituting the cumulative moment of the CSP of a user device into the Gil-Pelaez inversion theorem.
-We propose to split the control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane) as a potential solution to harvest densification gain in heterogeneous two-tier networks while minimizing the handover rate and network control overhead. We develop a tractable mobility-aware model for a two-tier downlink cellular network with high density small cells and a C-plane/U-plane split architecture. The developed model is then used to quantify effect of mobility on the foreseen densification gain with and without C-plane/U-plane splitting
Channel Estimation for mmWave Massive MIMO Based Access and Backhaul in Ultra-Dense Network
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO used for access and backhaul in
ultra-dense network (UDN) has been considered as the promising 5G technique. We
consider such an heterogeneous network (HetNet) that ultra-dense small base
stations (BSs) exploit mmWave massive MIMO for access and backhaul, while
macrocell BS provides the control service with low frequency band. However, the
channel estimation for mmWave massive MIMO can be challenging, since the pilot
overhead to acquire the channels associated with a large number of antennas in
mmWave massive MIMO can be prohibitively high. This paper proposes a structured
compressive sensing (SCS)-based channel estimation scheme, where the angular
sparsity of mmWave channels is exploited to reduce the required pilot overhead.
Specifically, since the path loss for non-line-of-sight paths is much larger
than that for line-of-sight paths, the mmWave massive channels in the angular
domain appear the obvious sparsity. By exploiting such sparsity, the required
pilot overhead only depends on the small number of dominated multipath.
Moreover, the sparsity within the system bandwidth is almost unchanged, which
can be exploited for the further improved performance. Simulation results
demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms its counterpart, and it can
approach the performance bound.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Millimeter-wave (mmWave), mmWave massive MIMO,
compressive sensing (CS), hybrid precoding, channel estimation, access,
backhaul, ultra-dense network (UDN), heterogeneous network (HetNet). arXiv
admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1604.03695, IEEE
International Conference on Communications (ICC'16), May 2016, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysi
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