81,097 research outputs found
Inference for dynamics of continuous variables: the Extended Plefka Expansion with hidden nodes
We consider the problem of a subnetwork of observed nodes embedded into a
larger bulk of unknown (i.e. hidden) nodes, where the aim is to infer these
hidden states given information about the subnetwork dynamics. The biochemical
networks underlying many cellular and metabolic processes are important
realizations of such a scenario as typically one is interested in
reconstructing the time evolution of unobserved chemical concentrations
starting from the experimentally more accessible ones. We present an
application to this problem of a novel dynamical mean field approximation, the
Extended Plefka Expansion, which is based on a path integral description of the
stochastic dynamics. As a paradigmatic model we study the stochastic linear
dynamics of continuous degrees of freedom interacting via random Gaussian
couplings. The resulting joint distribution is known to be Gaussian and this
allows us to fully characterize the posterior statistics of the hidden nodes.
In particular the equal-time hidden-to-hidden variance -- conditioned on
observations -- gives the expected error at each node when the hidden time
courses are predicted based on the observations. We assess the accuracy of the
Extended Plefka Expansion in predicting these single node variances as well as
error correlations over time, focussing on the role of the system size and the
number of observed nodes.Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures, 1 Appendi
Efficient white noise sampling and coupling for multilevel Monte Carlo with non-nested meshes
When solving stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) driven by
additive spatial white noise, the efficient sampling of white noise
realizations can be challenging. Here, we present a new sampling technique that
can be used to efficiently compute white noise samples in a finite element
method and multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) setting. The key idea is to exploit
the finite element matrix assembly procedure and factorize each local mass
matrix independently, hence avoiding the factorization of a large matrix.
Moreover, in a MLMC framework, the white noise samples must be coupled between
subsequent levels. We show how our technique can be used to enforce this
coupling even in the case of non-nested mesh hierarchies. We demonstrate the
efficacy of our method with numerical experiments. We observe optimal
convergence rates for the finite element solution of the elliptic SPDEs of
interest in 2D and 3D and we show convergence of the sampled field covariances.
In a MLMC setting, a good coupling is enforced and the telescoping sum is
respected.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figure
Kinetics of the chiral phase transition in a linear model
We study the dynamics of the chiral phase transition in a linear quark-meson
model using a novel approach based on semiclassical wave-particle
duality. The quarks are treated as test particles in a Monte-Carlo simulation
of elastic collisions and the coupling to the meson, which is treated
as a classical field. The exchange of energy and momentum between particles and
fields is described in terms of appropriate Gaussian wave packets. It has been
demonstrated that energy-momentum conservation and the principle of detailed
balance are fulfilled, and that the dynamics leads to the correct equilibrium
limit. First schematic studies of the dynamics of matter produced in heavy-ion
collisions are presented.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted by EPJA, dedicated to memory of Walter
Greiner; v2: corrected typos, added references and an acknowledgmen
A variational approach to the QCD wave functional:Dynamical mass generation and confinement
We perform a variational calculation in the SU(N) Yang Mills theory in 3+1
dimensions. Our trial variational states are explicitly gauge invariant, and
reduce to simple Gaussian states in the zero coupling limit. Our main result is
that the energy is minimized for the value of the variational parameter away
form the perturbative value. The best variational state is therefore
characterized by a dynamically generated mass scale . This scale is related
to the perturbative scale by the following relation:
. Taking the one loop QCD -
function and we find (for N=3) the vacuum condensate
.Comment: 37 pages, (1 Figure available upon request), preprint LA-UR-94-2727,
PUPT-149
U.S. stock market interaction network as learned by the Boltzmann Machine
We study historical dynamics of joint equilibrium distribution of stock
returns in the U.S. stock market using the Boltzmann distribution model being
parametrized by external fields and pairwise couplings. Within Boltzmann
learning framework for statistical inference, we analyze historical behavior of
the parameters inferred using exact and approximate learning algorithms. Since
the model and inference methods require use of binary variables, effect of this
mapping of continuous returns to the discrete domain is studied. The presented
analysis shows that binarization preserves market correlation structure.
Properties of distributions of external fields and couplings as well as
industry sector clustering structure are studied for different historical dates
and moving window sizes. We found that a heavy positive tail in the
distribution of couplings is responsible for the sparse market clustering
structure. We also show that discrepancies between the model parameters might
be used as a precursor of financial instabilities.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figures, 1 tabl
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