Personalized Health Knowledge Graph

Our current health applications do not adequately take into account contextual and personalized knowledge about patients. In order to design “Personalized Coach for Healthcare” applications to manage chronic diseases, there is a need to create a Personalized Healthcare Knowledge Graph (PHKG) that takes into consideration a patient’s health condition (personalized knowledge) and enriches that with contextualized knowledge from environmental sensors and Web of Data (e.g., symptoms and treatments for diseases). To develop PHKG, aggregating knowledge from various heterogeneous sources such as the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, clinical notes, and Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) is necessary. In this paper, we explain the challenges of collecting, managing, analyzing, and integrating patients’ health data from various sources in order to synthesize and deduce meaningful information embodying the vision of the Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom (DIKW) pyramid. Furthermore, we sketch a solution that combines: 1) IoT data analytics, and 2) explicit knowledge and illustrate it using three chronic disease use cases – asthma, obesity, and Parkinson’

Health Condition Evolution for Effective Use of Electronic Records: Knowledge Representation, Acquisition, and Reasoning

Smart City initiatives aim to enhance the effective management of resources while providing quality services to citizens. Central to these initiatives is the use of large-scale datasets that enable intelligent analytics and reasoning components in support of resource optimisation and service provision. Recently, there has been a growing interest in aspects of smart living, particularly due to the increasing adoption and use of Electronic Health Records (EHR). A Smart City can introduce intelligent systems to support the usage of EHR to improve emergency response services. For instance, data derived from EHR is used in primary emergency care, as a component of emergency decision support systems and for monitoring public health. However, the delivery of healthcare information to emergency bodies must be balanced against the concerns related to citizens’ privacy. Besides, emergency services face challenges in interpreting this data; the heterogeneity of sources and the large amount of available information represents a significant barrier. This thesis investigates the use of EHR for deriving useful information about people requiring assistance during an emergency, focusing on making rich data accessible to emergency services while minimising the amount of exchanged information. To perform this task, an intelligent system needs to estimate the probability that a potentially relevant condition mentioned in a health record is still valid at the time of the emergency. During our research work, we followed a knowledge engineering approach and developed the required knowledge components to support the intelligent delivery of relevant health information about people involved in an emergency situation. These components, which include a knowledge component for representation and reasoning, and a novel knowledge base modelling the evolution of a large number of health conditions, form the basis of CONRAD, a system which is able to support effectively decision-making in an emergency scenario

Constructing Knowledge Graphs of Depression

Knowledge Graphs have been shown to be useful tools for integrating multiple medical knowledge sources, and to support such tasks as medical decision making, literature retrieval, determining healthcare quality indicators, co-morbodity analysis and many others. A large number of medical knowledge sources have by now been converted to knowledge graphs, covering everything from drugs to trials and from vocabularies to gene-disease associations. Such knowledge graphs have typically been generic, covering very large areas of medicine. (e.g. all of internal medicine, or arbitrary drugs, arbitrary trials, etc.). This has had the effect that such knowledge graphs become prohibitively large, hampering both efficiency for machines and usability for people. In this paper we show how we use multiple large knowledge sources to construct a much smaller knowledge graph that is focussed on single disease (in our case major depression disorder). Such a disease-centric knowledge-graph makes it more convenient for doctors (in our case psychiatric doctors) to explore the relationship among various knowledge resources and to answer realistic clinical queries (This paper is an extended version of [1].)