Synergizing Roadway Infrastructure Investment with Digital Infrastructure for Infrastructure-Based Connected Vehicle Applications: Review of Current Status and Future Directions

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.The safety, mobility, environmental and economic benefits of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) are potentially dramatic. However, realization of these benefits largely hinges on the timely upgrading of the existing transportation system. CAVs must be enabled to send and receive data to and from other vehicles and drivers (V2V communication) and to and from infrastructure (V2I communication). Further, infrastructure and the transportation agencies that manage it must be able to collect, process, distribute and archive these data quickly, reliably, and securely. This paper focuses on current digital roadway infrastructure initiatives and highlights the importance of including digital infrastructure investment alongside more traditional infrastructure investment to keep up with the auto industry's push towards this real time communication and data processing capability. Agencies responsible for transportation infrastructure construction and management must collaborate, establishing national and international platforms to guide the planning, deployment and management of digital infrastructure in their jurisdictions. This will help create standardized interoperable national and international systems so that CAV technology is not deployed in a haphazard and uncoordinated manner

Advancing Interoperable Connectivity Deployment: Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment Results and Findings

DTFH6116F00019In September 2015, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Joint Program Office (JPO) awarded three deployment sites under the Connected Vehicle (CV) Pilot Deployment Program to: the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT); the Tampa Hillsborough Expressway Authority (THEA); and the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT). Each site planned, built, tested, deployed, and operated a tailored suite of CV applications addressing stakeholder-identified transportation needs in diverse systems, ranging from dense urban grid networks to isolated high-plains interstates. Safety, mobility, environmental, and public agency efficiency impacts of CV applications were assessed by both the sites themselves and independent evaluators. All three sites overcame significant technical and non-technical challenges to integrate still-maturing CV technology within their deployed transportation systems. Due to the limitations of working with emerging technologies, impacts for many applications were reduced. Despite these challenges, the program achieved key goals related to interoperability, cybersecurity, and replicability and demonstrated that CV technologies and foundational standards can be utilized to mount multiple large-scale operational deployments. This report serves as an entry point for readers seeking to understand the objectives, successes, and insights gained from the CV Pilot Deployment Program

Connected and Automated Vehicles in Urban Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems

Understanding the components of Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (TCPS), and inter-relation and interactions among these components are key factors to leverage the full potentials of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs). In a connected environment, CAVs can communicate with other components of TCPS, which include other CAVs, other connected road users, and digital infrastructure. Deploying supporting infrastructure for TCPS, and developing and testing CAV-specific applications in a TCPS environment are mandatory to achieve the CAV potentials. This dissertation specifically focuses on the study of current TCPS infrastructure (Part 1), and the development and verification of CAV applications for an urban TCPS environment (Part 2). Among the TCPS components, digital infrastructure bears sheer importance as without connected infrastructure, the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) applications cannot be implemented. While focusing on the V2I applications in Part 1, this dissertation evaluates the current digital roadway infrastructure status. The dissertation presents a set of recommendations, based on a review of current practices and future needs. In Part 2, To synergize the digital infrastructure deployment with CAV deployments, two V2I applications are developed for CAVs for an urban TCPS environment. At first, a real-time adaptive traffic signal control algorithm is developed, which utilizes CAV data to compute the signal timing parameters for an urban arterial in the near-congested traffic condition. The analysis reveals that the CAV-based adaptive signal control provides operational benefits to both CVs and non-CVs with limited data from 5% CVs, with 5.6% average speed increase, and 66.7% and 32.4% average maximum queue length and stopped delay reduction, respectively, on a corridor compared to the actuated coordinated scenario. The second application includes the development of a situation-aware left-turning CAV controller module, which optimizes CAV speed based on the follower driver\u27s aggressiveness. Existing autonomous vehicle controllers do not consider the surrounding driver\u27s behavior, which may lead to road rage, and rear-end crashes. The analysis shows that the average travel time reduction for the scenarios with 600, 800 and 1000 veh/hr/lane opposite traffic stream are 61%, 23%, and 41%, respectively, for the follower vehicles, if the follower driver\u27s behavior is considered by CAVs

How Locals Need to Prepare for the Future of V2V/V2I Connected Vehicles

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are expected to affect the foundations of transportation operations and roadway maintenance as they become more prevalent on the roadways. This report is an effort to address this complex subject for the various owners, agencies and stakeholders involved in traffic operations. It discusses the connected vehicle ecosystem and its background, potential CAV applications, types of communication and hardware required for CAV systems, and recommendations to local road owners. The report also includes a survey sent to local road owners to assess the current readiness of the transportation system for CAVs. Although it is too early to give specific recommendations, general guidance is provided for road owners to begin preparing for the future of CAVs