Methodology Of Experimental Investigations Of Valve Operation

Tightness, as well as the reliability of the valve plate, is a complex property of the effective operation of compressor cylinders of the first stage and, in general, gas-engine reciprocating compressors. The issue of valve plate tightness is a subject of independent study, since technical and economic efficiency depends on their work. In this connection, only some data obtained under operating conditions are presented in this work.As a research result, it is found that, taking into account the identified requirements for the gas lift system, in order to effectively increase the operating hours of valves with increased tightness of the plate, it is necessary to check and purge the valves. Therefore, each valve in the gas lift compressor station, without subjecting them to cleaning, is first recommended to check for leaks. To confirm the feasibility of checking valve tightness, special equipment is offered for each gas-lift compressor station, a purge chamber, on which the tightness of valve plates is checked.The usefulness and importance of the purge chamber is in preparation of the valve at the gas lift compressor station, which contributes to increased efficiency, safe operation, normal tightness and reliability of its operation

On-Orbit Compressor Technology Program

A synopsis of the On-Orbit Compressor Technology Program is presented. The objective is the exploration of compressor technology applicable for use by the Space Station Fluid Management System, Space Station Propulsion System, and related on-orbit fluid transfer systems. The approach is to extend the current state-of-the-art in natural gas compressor technology to the unique requirements of high-pressure, low-flow, small, light, and low-power devices for on-orbit applications. This technology is adapted to seven on-orbit conceptual designs and one prototype is developed and tested

Electro-optic bunch diagnostics on ALICE

An electro-optic longitudinal bunch profile monitor has been implemented on ALICE (Accelerators and Lasers in Combined Experiments) at the Daresbury Laboratories and will be used both to characterise the electron bunch and to provide a testbed for electro-optic techniques. The electro-optic station is located immediately after the bunch compressor, within the FEL cavity; its location allows nearby OTR, beam profile monitors and Coherent Synchrontron Radiation (CSR) diagnostics to be used for calibration and benchmarking. We discuss the implementation and the planned studies on electro-optic diagnostics using this diagnostic station

Space station gas compressor technology study program, phase 1

The objectives were to identify the space station waste gases and their characteristics, and to investigate compressor and dryer types, as well as transport and storage requirements with tradeoffs leading to a preliminary system definition

Pre-filed testimony in support of the ten persons group by Nathan G. Phillips

I have two interrelated technical concerns with the Enbridge Model used by MassDEP to grant the air permit for the proposed Weymouth, which invalidate the air permit. I state these immediately below and elaborate on them thereafter. Rural Designation Ignores Coastal Site. Enbridge mischaracterized the site as “rural” when in fact it is a coastal, shoreline site embedded in an urban coastal community. This means the model cannot assess key meteorological phenomena important for pollution dispersion. Using an incorrect site characterization - even if surface meteorological measurements were made in a reasonably comparable location (Logan Airport compared to 50 Bridge Street, Weymouth) - means that the model cannot represent coastal/shoreline advection and incorrectly assumes that surface winds are uniform across a uniform surface rather than exhibiting sharp spatial gradients in surface energy balance and resulting atmospheric stability, winds, and air mixing associated with the water-land boundary. Shoreline Boundary Layer Development and Thermal Inversions Ignored. Since the Enbridge model is incapable of capturing shoreline effects it cannot assess the potential of pollution trapping through under-developed thermal internal boundary layers that may blanket residential areas. Moreover, MassDEP made no data collection or model validation across seasons, crucially ignoring winter coastal temperature inversions and resulting pollution trapping. Thermal and radiative inversions occur typically over vertical length scales of 150 meters, whereas the paired surface and upper air temperature measurements (from Gray, Maine, 185 miles away) used in the Enbridge Model are intended to and can only capture mesoscale effects, and cannot resolve crucial shoreline inversion events. The applicant’s consultant does not state what altitude it used for “upper air” measurements (www.mass.gov/files/documents/2018/06/11/algonquin-modeling.pdf) but according to EPA guidance these are typically several kilometers. The Enbridge Model mistakenly effectively assumes a fully-developed boundary layer condition and is thus unable to produce conditions that produce shoreline-induced looping or downwelling fumigating plumes that can expose residents to intermittently high concentrations of pollutants.https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vZdk_nbW7QwY8aQR9s8wDvbwATy0dj-izt6MP1Ef7PM/edit2021-02-24Published versio

Quantitative risk assessment on a hydrogen refuelling station

The Directive 2014/94/UE (DAFI, Alternative Fuel Initiative Directive) on the deployment of alternative fuels (i.e. hydrogen) infrastructures has been recently transposed into national law in Italy. Consequently, the technical regulation on fire prevention for H2fuelling stations has been updated, in order to consider the current maximum delivery pressure (700 bar) of gaseous hydrogen for road vehicles. This technical regulation establishes the prescriptive safety distance from a piece of equipment. In the case of a new station, an assessment of the frequency of the event and its potential consequences is necessary. This is to understand which risk can reasonably be mitigated by a safety distance or whether additional mitigation or prevention measures should be taken. This paper presents the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) study on a hydrogen station planned to be installed, study which aims at determining the safety distances. Such study utilizes the Sandia-developed QRA tool, Hydrogen Risk Analysis Model (HyRAM), to calculate risk values when developing risk-equivalent plans. HyRAM combines reduced order deterministic models that characterize hydrogen release and flame behavior with probabilistic risk models to quantify risk values. Thanks to HyRAM tool it is possible to estimate physical effects and consequences on people and structures and plants, related to risk scenarios, by means of a damage model library. Use of risk assessment may allow station owners and designers to flexibly define station-specific mitigations, with the purpose of achieving equal or better levels of safety with respect to prescriptive recommendation levels, as suggested by ISO19880-1 (2018)

Анализ и совершенствование качества работы средств электро-химической защиты магистрального газопровода головной компрессорной станции «Сахалин» ООО «Газпром трансгаз Томск»

Цель работы – совершенствование качество работы средств электро-химической защиты магистрального газопровода головной компрессорной станции "Сахалин ООО "Газпром трансгаз Томск". В ходе работы произведен анализ факторов работы электрохимической защиты в условиях компрессорных станций, произведен расчет электрических свойств трубопроводов и анодного заземления для заданных условий, произведен расчет оптимальной длины протяженного анодного заземления для данных условий.The object of this work is gas compressor station cathodic protection improvement. The special conditions of gas compressor station cathodic protection operating were analyzed. The electric specifications of gas compressor station pipes, Impressed current anod and Impressed current anod optimal length were estimated

Transonic off-design drag and performance of an axisymmetric inlet with 40 percent internal contraction on design

An experimental investigation determined the drag and pressure performance of an axisymmetric supersonic inlet when operated in the transonic speed range. The inlet configuration was derived from a Mach 2.5 mixed compression inlet design with assumed variable geometry. At typical engine airflows the drag coefficient varied from 0.057 to 0.192 when the Mach number changed from 0.80 to 1.27. The presence of a wing simulator resulted in a sizable increase in total drag at Mach 1.2. This interference drag, which is roughly a 0.1 increase in drag coefficient, originates equally from an increase in both additive and cowl pressure drag