Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Commencement Program - Class of 2023

The Program for the Commencement Exercises of the 68th graduating class of the Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law in 202

Young Stars and Protostellar Cores near NGC 2023

We investigate the young (proto)stellar population in NGC 2023 and the L 1630 molecular cloud bordering the HII region IC 434, using Spitzer IRAC and MIPS archive data, JCMT SCUBA imaging and spectroscopy as well as targeted BIMA observations of one of the Class 0 protostars, NGC 2023 MM1. We have performed photometry of all IRAC and MIPS images, and used color-color diagrams to identify and classify all young stars seen within a 22'x26' field along the boundary between IC 434 and L 1630. For some stars, which have sufficient optical, IR, and/or sub-millimeter data we have also used the online SED fitting tool for a large 2D archive of axisymmetric radiative transfer models to perform more detailed modeling of the observed SEDs. We identify 5 sub-millimeter cores in our 850 and 450 micron SCUBA images, two of which have embedded class 0 or I protostars. Observations with BIMA are used to refine the position and characteristics of the Class 0 source NGC 2023 MM 1. These observations show that it is embedded in a very cold cloud core, which is strongly enhanced in NH2D. We find that HD 37903 is the most massive member of a cluster with 20 -- 30 PMS stars. We also find smaller groups of PMS stars formed from the Horsehead nebula and another elephant trunk structure to the north of the Horsehead. We refine the spectral classification of HD 37903 to B2 Ve. Our study shows that the expansion of the IC 434 HII region has triggered star formation in some of the dense elephant trunk structures and compressed gas inside the L 1630 molecular cloud. This pre-shock region is seen as a sub-millimeter ridge in which stars have already formed. The cluster associated with NGC 2023 is very young, and has a large fraction of Class I sources.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A Replaced with higher resolution figure

Studi Literatur Metode Optimasi untuk Penjadwalan Kelas

The preparation of teaching schedules in a conventional way is still often found in some schools, so it is necessary to prepare schedules that can be computerized, one of which uses an algorithm. Some methods that can be used in class scheduling optimization are using genetic algorithms, hybrid cat swarm optimization, hybrid artificial bee colony, tabu search, and waterfall. This research aims to examine class scheduling optimization using algorithmic methods. The research method used is library research (literature study) from several journals and proceedings of scheduling optimization in Indonesia from 2020-2023. The results showed that the algorithm methods used can provide optimal results in scheduling classes at school. Using several algorithms can help learning between classes to be more effective with the availability of space and time as well as teachers who can shorten the time in preparing the teaching schedule at school

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMACA (Kotak Mari Membaca) PADA KEGIATAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN DENGAN METODE EJA PADA SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR

Based on observations and interviews with class teachers on October 11 2023, the results of an analysis of the needs of class I students at SD Negeri Mojorejo 01 Batu, showed that the school still uses learning media in the form of textbooks, videos and others, thus concrete learning media is needed. as a support for learning, especially for beginning reading. This aims to increase student interest. The aim of this research is to develop KOMACA learning media using the ADDIE model which has 5 stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The data analysis techniques used were qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis with the aim of finding out how to develop KOMACA learning media to improve students' reading skills. The development of KOMACA learning media obtained material validation results of 84% and media validation results of 88%. Both validations are categorized as very valid for implementation. Meanwhile, the student response questionnaire received a score of 94% and the results of the teacher response questionnaire were 93%. From both questionnaires, the responses were in the very good category. This can be interpreted as meaning that the development of KOMACA learning media can attract students' attention and interest and make them more active in the learning proces

A Method for Distinguishing Between Transiently Accreting Neutron Stars and Black Holes, in Quiescence

We fit hydrogen atmosphere models to the X-ray data for four neutron stars (three from a previous paper, plus 4U 2129+47) and six black hole candidates (A0620-00, GS 2000+25, GS 1124-68, GS 2023+33, GRO J1655-40, and GRO J0422+32). While the neutron stars are similar in their intrinsic X-ray spectra (similar effective temperatures and emission area radii ~10 km), the spectra of two black hole candidates are significantly different, and the spectra of the remaining four are consistent with a very large parameter space that includes the neutron stars. The spectral differences between the neutron stars and black hole candidates favors the interpretation that the quiescent neutron star emission is predominantly thermal emission from the neutron star surface. Our work suggests that an X-ray spectral comparison in quiescence provides an additional means for distinguishing between neutron stars and black holes. The faint X-ray sources in globular clusters are also a class of objects which can be investigated in this manner.Comment: 33 pages, including 3 ps figures, LaTeX. To appear in Ap

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOTARANG (KOPER TAMBAH KURANG) PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI KELAS II SEKOLAH DASAR

Learning takes place at SD Muhammadiyah 4 Batu which uses the Merdeka curriculum in classes I, II, IV and V, while classes III and VI still use curriculum 13. Learning will be effective and enjoyable if accompanied by learning media. . The aim of this research is to develop Kotarang learning media that motivates students to learn. With the development of learning media, it is hoped that students will be able to understand addition and subtraction material in class II elementary school mathematics learning. This study uses the ADDIE development model consisting of 5 stages, namely (1) analyze, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. ). Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are qualitative data analysis techniques and quantitative data analysis techniques. Data were taken in class II at Muhammadiyah 4 Batu Elementary School with a total of 25 students and carried out on September 6-7 2023. The results of this study resulted in a product in the form of Kotarang learning media. The research has gone through the stages of validation, namely material validation to get a percentage of 93% and media experts 92%. This study received good responses from students as evidenced by the evaluation results of 25 children getting an average score of 86,8%. Suggestions for further research are to develop learning media better, in terms of appearance, shape and how to use it, so that it is even more practical. The guidebook can be designed in more detail. The marble media can be replaced with other media to make its use more practical

Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Narkotika In Casu Pelaku Sebagai Perantara Dalam Jual Beli Narkotika Golongan I Studi Putusan Nomor : 46/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Psr.

The narcotics problem in Indonesia is increasing. In the case of narcotics crimes, intermediaries play a very important role in narcotics trafficking crimes. Settlement of Narcotics Crimes in Case the Perpetrator as an intermediary in the Sale and Purchase of Class 1 Narcotics in Decision Number 46/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Psr.. The aim is to find out how the Crime is Settled in the Case of the Perpetrator as an Intermediary in the Sale and Purchase of Class 1 Narcotics in Decision Number 46/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Psr. This research is categorized as empirical research. In this research, the aim is to look for primary data or it can also be field data. Based on the results of the discussion that has been concluded in decision Number 46/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Psr, it has been legally proven and guilty of having committed a criminal act without rights or against the law as an intermediary in the sale and purchase of class I narcotics. As regulated in accordance with article 114 paragraph (1) Jo Article 132 paragraph (1) Republic of Indonesia Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning narcotics. Based on this description, researchers are very interested in studying more deeply the resolution of criminal acts in the case of the perpetrator as an intermediary in the sale and purchase of Class I narcotics in Decision Number 46/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Psr

Class I methanol masers in low-mass star formation regions

Four Class I maser sources were detected at 44, 84, and 95 GHz toward chemically rich outflows in the regions of low-mass star formation NGC 1333I4A, NGC 1333I2A, HH25, and L1157. One more maser was found at 36 GHz toward a similar outflow, NGC 2023. Flux densities of the newly detected masers are no more than 18 Jy, being much lower than those of strong masers in regions of high-mass star formation. The brightness temperatures of the strongest peaks in NGC 1333I4A, HH25, and L1157 at 44 GHz are higher than 2000 K, whereas that of the peak in NGC 1333I2A is only 176 K. However, rotational diagram analysis showed that the latter source is also a maser. The main properties of the newly detected masers are similar to those of Class I methanol masers in regions of massive star formation. The former masers are likely to be an extension of the latter maser population toward low luminosities of both the masers and the corresponding YSOs.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, Proc. IAU Symp. 287 "Cosmic Masers: from OH to H0". LSR velocities of the HH25 masers, which are presented in Table 1, are correcte