10,005 research outputs found
Trust Strategies for the Semantic Web
Everyone agrees on the importance of enabling trust on the SemanticWebto ensure more efficient agent interaction. Current research on trust seems to focus on developing computational models, semantic representations, inference techniques, etc. However, little attention has been given to the plausible trust strategies or tactics that an agent can follow when interacting with other agents on the Semantic Web. In this paper we identify five most common strategies of trust and discuss their envisaged costs and benefits. The aim is to provide some guidelines to help system developers appreciate the risks and gains involved with each trust strategy
Exploiting Reputation in Distributed Virtual Environments
The cognitive research on reputation has shown several interesting properties
that can improve both the quality of services and the security in distributed
electronic environments. In this paper, the impact of reputation on
decision-making under scarcity of information will be shown. First, a cognitive
theory of reputation will be presented, then a selection of simulation
experimental results from different studies will be discussed. Such results
concern the benefits of reputation when agents need to find out good sellers in
a virtual market-place under uncertainty and informational cheating
A Graph-Based Approach to Address Trust and Reputation in Ubiquitous Networks
The increasing popularity of virtual computing environments such as Cloud and Grid computing is helping to drive the realization of ubiquitous and pervasive computing. However, as computing becomes more entrenched in everyday life, the concepts of trust and risk become increasingly important. In this paper, we propose a new graph-based theoretical approach to address trust and reputation in complex ubiquitous networks. We formulate trust as a function of quality of a task and time required to authenticate agent-to-agent relationship based on the Zero-Common Knowledge (ZCK) authentication scheme. This initial representation applies a graph theory concept, accompanied by a mathematical formulation of trust metrics. The approach we propose increases awareness and trustworthiness to agents based on the values estimated for each requested task, we conclude by stating our plans for future work in this area
Criminal Lying, Prosecutorial Power, and Social Meaning
This article concerns the prosecution of defensive dishonesty in the course of federal investigations. It sketches a conceptual framework for violations of 18 U.S.C. Ā§ 1001 and related false-statement charges, distinguishes between harmful deception and the typical investigative interaction, and describes the range of lies that fall within the wide margins of the offense. It then places these cases in a socio-legal context, suggesting that some false-statement charges function as penalties for defendantsā refusal to expedite investigations into their own wrongdoing. In those instances, the government positions itself as the victim of the lying offense and reasserts its authority through prosecution. Enforcement decisions in marginal criminal lying cases are driven by efficiency rather than accuracy goals, which may produce unintended consequences. Using false-statement charges as pretexts for other harms can diminish transparency and mute signals to comply. Accountability also suffers when prosecutors can effectively create offenses, and when it is the interaction with the government itself rather than conduct with freestanding illegality that forms the core violation. The disjunction between prosecutions and social norms about defensive dishonesty may also result in significant credibility costs and cause some erosion of voluntary compliance. Animating the materiality requirement in the statute with attention to the harm caused or risked by particular false statements could mitigate these distortions. An inquiry into the objective impact of a false statement might account for the nature of the underlying conduct under investigation, whether the questioning at issue is pretextual, whether the lie is induced, and whether the deception succeeds or could succeed in harming the investigation. By taking materiality seriously, courts could curtail prosecutorial discretion and narrow application of the statute to cases where prosecution harmonizes with social norms
Dreams and Schemes in Queens, New York: Immigrant Struggles to Find Work and Get Status in the Face of Consumer Fraud
This report documents the systemic nature of consumer frauds committed against immigrants and offers solutions for improved laws, policies, and enforcement mechanisms to better protect immigrants. While this research focuses on the experience of Latino immigrants in one area of Queens, our findings speak to a larger problem affecting New York City and the rest of the country
Trust in and ethical design of carebots: The case for ethics of care
National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore under Emerging Areas Research Project
Delivering services by building and running virtual organisations
Non peer reviewedPostprin
Recommended from our members
TruMet: An approach towards computing trust in multi-agent environment.
The growing popularity of multi-agent based
approaches towards the formation and operation of virtual
organizations (VO) present over the Internet, offer both
opportunities and risks. One of the risks involved in such
community is in the identification of trustworthy agent partners
for transaction. In this paper we aim to describe our trust model
which would contribute in measuring trust in the interacting
agents. Named as TruMet, the trust metric model works on the
basis of the parameters that we have identified as relevant to the
features of the community. The model primarily analyses trust
value on the basis of the agentĀæs reputation, as provided by the
agent itself, and the agentĀæs aggregate rating as provided by the
witness agents. The final computation of the trust value is given
by a weighted average of these two components. While
computing the aggregate rating, a weight based method has been
adopted to discount the contribution of possibly un-fair ratings
by the witness agents
Critical success factors for preventing E-banking fraud
E-Banking fraud is an issue being experienced globally and is continuing to prove costly to both banks and customers. Frauds in e-banking services occur as a result of various compromises in security ranging from weak authentication systems to insufficient internal controls. Lack of research in this area is problematic for practitioners so there is need to conduct research to help improve security and prevent stakeholders from losing confidence in the system. The purpose of this paper is to understand factors that could be critical in strengthening fraud prevention systems in electronic banking. The paper reviews relevant literatures to help identify potential critical success factors of frauds prevention in e-banking. Our findings show that beyond technology, there are other factors that need to be considered such as internal controls, customer education and staff education etc. These findings will help assist banks and regulators with information on specific areas that should be addressed to build on their existing fraud prevention systems
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