Webs of Resistance: The Citizen Online Journalism of the Nigerian Digital Diaspora

The enhanced discursive opportunity structures that the Internet enables has inspired a momentous revolution in the Nigerian media landscape. This dissertation chronicles the emergence and flowering of the citizen and alternative online journalism of the Nigerian diasporic public sphere located primarily in the United States. Using case-study research, it profiles the major diasporan online citizen media outlets and highlights instances where these geographically distant citizen media sites shaped and influenced both the national politics and policies of the homeland and the media practices of the domestic media formation. The study makes the case that while it is customary in the scholarship on sovereignty, state-civil society relations, and diaspora studies to emphasize domination and one-dimensionality in cultural flows, the participation of members of the Nigerian digital diaspora in the politics and discourses of their homeland, from their exilic locations in the West through the instrumentality of online citizen media, illustrates that citizens, especially in the age of the Internet, are not mere powerless subjects and receivers of informational flows from the institutions of the state and corporate mass media but can be active consumers and producers of informational resources and even purveyors of political power in ways that amply exemplify trans-local reciprocality. It also argues that the Nigerian diaspora media might very well be a prototype of an evolving, Internet-enabled, trans-local, and mutual informational and cultural exchange between the educated deterritorialized ethnoscapes of peripheral nations whose exile in the West endues them with symbolic and cultural capital and the private institutions and governments of their homelands. The study recommends a comparative study of the online citizen journalism of Third World virtual diasporas in the West

Protecting Children Online?

This book investigates regulatory and social pressures that social media companies face in the aftermath of high profile cyberbullying incidents. The author’s research evaluates the policies companies develop to protect themselves and users. This includes interviews with NGO and social media company reps in the US and the EU. She triangulates these findings against news, policy reports, evaluations and interviews with e-safety experts. This book raises questions about the legitimacy of expecting companies to balance the tension between free speech and child protection without publicly revealing their decision-making processes. In an environment where e-safety is part of the corporate business model, this book unveils the process through which established social media companies receive less government scrutiny than start-ups. The importance of this research for law and policy argues for an OA edition to ensure the work is widely and globally accessible to scholars and decision makers

O impacto da inteligência artificial no negócio eletrónico

Pela importância que a Inteligência Artificial exibe na atualidade, revela-se de grande interesse verificar até que ponto ela está a transformar o Negócio Eletrónico. Para esse efeito, delineou-se uma revisão sistemática com o objetivo de avaliar os impactos da proliferação destes instrumentos. A investigação empreendida pretendeu identificar artigos científicos que, através de pesquisas realizadas a Fontes de Dados Eletrónicas, pudessem responder às questões de investigação implementadas: a) que tipo de soluções, baseadas na Inteligência Artificial (IA), têm sido usadas para melhorar o Negócio Eletrónico (NE); b) em que domínios do NE a IA foi aplicada; c) qual a taxa de sucesso ou fracasso do projeto. Simultaneamente, tiveram de respeitar critérios de seleção, nomeadamente, estar escritos em inglês, encontrarem-se no intervalo temporal 2015/2021 e tratar-se de estudos empíricos, suportados em dados reais. Após uma avaliação de qualidade final, procedeu-se à extração dos dados pertinentes para a investigação, para formulários criados em MS Excel. Estes dados estiveram na base da análise quantitativa e qualitativa que evidenciaram as descobertas feitas e sobre os quais se procedeu, posteriormente, à sua discussão. A dissertação termina com as conclusão e discussão de trabalhos futuros.Due to the importance that Artificial Intelligence exhibits today, it is of great interest to see to what extent it is transforming the Electronic Business. To this end, a systematic review was designed to evaluate the impacts of the proliferation of these instruments. The research aimed to identify scientific articles that, through research carried out on Electronic Data Sources, could answer the research questions implemented: a) what kind of solutions, based on Artificial Intelligence, have been used to improve the Electronic Business; b) in which areas of the Electronic Business Artificial Intelligence has been applied; c) what the success rate or failure of the project is. At the same time, they must comply with selection criteria, to be written in English, to be found in the 2015/2021-time interval and to be empirical studies supported by actual data. After a final quality evaluation, the relevant data for the investigation were extracted for forms created in MS Excel. These data were the basis of the quantitative and qualitative analysis that evidenced the findings found and on which they were subsequently discussed. The dissertation ends with the conclusion and discussion of future works

The First Amendment as license and limitation: the Supreme Court addresses principles of journalism ethics (1947-2005)

This is a study of the intersection of law and ethics as they address the professional practice of journalism. When the United States Supreme Court had occasion to address journalism's five fundamental ethical principles in cases decided from 1947 through 2005, its rulings were supportive of these principles in general, but not universally so, or in all their particular applications. In some respects, the Court created a legal basis for rendering some principles practical nullities and undermined others so significantly that some ethical prescriptions are perhaps less likely to be followed by professional journalists of the 21st century and beyond. This study identifies the following as the five principles and directives of journalism ethics: tell the truth, respect privacy, report the news, protect sources and maintain independence. This study has found that in some instances, the Court has denigrated journalism's most cherished principles in deference to other ideals the Court has found more important

Judicial Independence in the Digital Age: The Challenges and Opportunities of Social Media for Judges

This thesis questions the way judicial legitimacy is constructed – around the perception of independence – in the contemporary constitution, particularly in light of the advent of social media. It will be argued that judges should not be restricted from engaging with social media in their professional capacity and that at present the rules regulating a judge’s use of social media under the Guide to Judicial Conduct are unsuitable. This thesis will explore this restriction and the ways in which the perception of judicial independence is used as justification for restricting individual judicial office holders’ use of social media. Therefore, this thesis plugs the current gap in the literature exploring the relationship between the UK’s Judiciary and social media. Engaging critically with the doctrine of judicial independence in this context provides one way in which to reimagine the model of judicial legitimacy as it is currently derived from judicial independence, in favour of a model of legitimacy attained through public awareness and engagement. Therefore, this thesis will provide a timely and original analysis of the role of the Judiciary in the modern constitution