Anomaly detection on flight route using similarity and grouping approach based-on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast

Flight anomaly detection is used to determine the abnormal state data on the flight route. This study focused on two groups: general aviation habits (C1)and anomalies (C2). Groups C1 and C2 are obtained through similarity test with references. The methods used are: 1) normalizing the training data form, 2) forming the training segment 3) calculating the log-likelihood value and determining the maximum log-likelihood (C1) and minimum log-likelihood (C2) values, 4) determining the percentage of data based on criteria C1 and C2 by grouping SVM, KNN, and K-means and 5) Testing with log-likelihood ratio. The results achieved in each segment are Log-likelihood value in C1Latitude is -15.97 and C1Longitude is -16.97. On the other hand, Log-likelihood value in C2Latitude is -19.3 (maximum) and -20.3 (minimum), and log-likelihood value in C2Longitude is -21.2 (maximum) and -24.8 (minimum). The largest percentage value in C1 is 96%, while the largest in C2 is 10%. Thus, the highest potential anomaly data is 10%, and the smallest is 3%. Also, there are performance tests based on F-measure to get accuracy and precision

A New Forged Handwriting Detection Method Based on Fourier Spectral Density and Variation

Use of handwriting words for person identification in contrast to biometric features is gaining importance in the field of forensic applications. As a result, forging handwriting is a part of crime applications and hence is challenging for the researchers. This paper presents a new work for detecting forged handwriting words because width and amplitude of spectral distributions have the ability to exhibit unique properties for forged handwriting words compared to blurred, noisy and normal handwriting words. The proposed method studies spectral density and variation of input handwriting images through clustering of high and low frequency coefficients. The extracted features, which are invariant to rotation and scaling, are passed to a neural network classifier for the classification for forged handwriting words from other types of handwriting words (like blurred, noisy and normal handwriting words). Experimental results on our own dataset, which consists of four handwriting word classes, and two benchmark datasets, namely, caption and scene text classification and forged IMEI number dataset, show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of classification rate