36 research outputs found
Social-aware Opportunistic Routing Protocol based on User's Interactions and Interests
Nowadays, routing proposals must deal with a panoply of heterogeneous
devices, intermittent connectivity, and the users' constant need for
communication, even in rather challenging networking scenarios. Thus, we
propose a Social-aware Content-based Opportunistic Routing Protocol, SCORP,
that considers the users' social interaction and their interests to improve
data delivery in urban, dense scenarios. Through simulations, using synthetic
mobility and human traces scenarios, we compare the performance of our solution
against other two social-aware solutions, dLife and Bubble Rap, and the
social-oblivious Spray and Wait, in order to show that the combination of
social awareness and content knowledge can be beneficial when disseminating
data in challenging networks
Social-aware Forwarding in Opportunistic Wireless Networks: Content Awareness or Obliviousness?
With the current host-based Internet architecture, networking faces
limitations in dynamic scenarios, due mostly to host mobility. The ICN paradigm
mitigates such problems by releasing the need to have an end-to-end transport
session established during the life time of the data transfer. Moreover, the
ICN concept solves the mismatch between the Internet architecture and the way
users would like to use it: currently a user needs to know the topological
location of the hosts involved in the communication when he/she just wants to
get the data, independently of its location. Most of the research efforts aim
to come up with a stable ICN architecture in fixed networks, with few examples
in ad-hoc and vehicular networks. However, the Internet is becoming more
pervasive with powerful personal mobile devices that allow users to form
dynamic networks in which content may be exchanged at all times and with low
cost. Such pervasive wireless networks suffer with different levels of
disruption given user mobility, physical obstacles, lack of cooperation,
intermittent connectivity, among others. This paper discusses the combination
of content knowledge (e.g., type and interested parties) and social awareness
within opportunistic networking as to drive the deployment of ICN solutions in
disruptive networking scenarios. With this goal in mind, we go over few
examples of social-aware content-based opportunistic networking proposals that
consider social awareness to allow content dissemination independently of the
level of network disruption. To show how much content knowledge can improve
social-based solutions, we illustrate by means of simulation some
content-oblivious/oriented proposals in scenarios based on synthetic mobility
patterns and real human traces.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Encaminhamento oportunista baseado em aspectos sociais
Doutoramento conjunto MAP-Tele, Engenharia Eletrotécnica TelecomunicaçõeThe increased capabilities (e.g., processing, storage) of portable devices
along with the constant need of users to retrieve and send information have
introduced a new form of communication. Users can seamlessly exchange
data by means of opportunistic contacts among them and this is what
characterizes the opportunistic networks (OppNets). OppNets allow users to
communicate even when an end-to-end path may not exist between them.
Since 2007, there has been a trend to improve the exchange of data by
considering social similarity metrics. Social relationships, shared interests,
and popularity are examples of such metrics that have been employed
successfully: as users interact based on relationships and interests, this
information can be used to decide on the best next forwarders of information.
This Thesis work combines the features of today's devices found in the
regular urban environment with the current social-awareness trend in the
context of opportunistic routing. To achieve this goal, this work was divided
into di erent tasks that map to a set of speci c objectives, leading to the
following contributions: i) an up-to-date opportunistic routing taxonomy; ii)
a universal evaluation framework that aids in devising and testing new routing
proposals; iii) three social-aware utility functions that consider the dynamic
user behavior and can be easily incorporated to other routing proposals; iv)
two opportunistic routing proposals based on the users' daily routines and
on the content traversing the network and interest of users in such content;
and v) a structure analysis of the social-based network formed based on the
approaches devised in this work.A maior capacidade (e.g., processamento, armazenamento) dos dispositivos
portáteis, juntamente com a necessidade constante dos utilizadores de poder
obter e enviar informação, introduz uma nova forma de comunicação. Os
utilizadores podem trocar dados de uma forma transparente através de
contatos oportunistas entre eles, o que caracteriza as Redes Oportunistas.
Este tipo de rede permite a comunicação entre utilizadores mesmo quando
não existe um caminho m-a- m entre eles.
Uma tendência observada nos últimos anos do encaminhamento oportunista
refere-se a levar em conta métricas de similaridade social para melhorar a
troca de informação. Os relacionamentos sociais, interesses em comum e
popularidade são exemplos deste tipo de métrica que tem sido empregue com
sucesso no âmbito do encaminhamento oportunista: como os utilizadores
interagem com base nos seus relacionamentos e interesses, esta informação
pode ser utilizada para decidir sobre quando encaminhar dados.
Esta Tese combina as características dos dispositivos pessoais e que
são facilmente encontrados no ambiente urbano com a tendência para
uso de similaridade social no contexto de encaminhamento oportunista.
Para alcancar este objetivo principal, este trabalho foi dividido em
diferentes tarefas mapeadas em objetivos especí cos, o que resulta nas
seguintes contribuições: i) uma taxonomia atualizada sobre encaminhamento
oportunista; ii) um modelo de avaliação universal de encaminhamento
oportunista que permite a implementação e teste de novas propostas; iii) três
funções sociais que consideram o comportamento dinâmico dos utilizadores e
podem ser facilmente utilizadas em outras propostas de encaminhamento; iv)
duas propostas de encaminhamento oportunista baseadas nas rotinas diárias
dos utilizadores e no conteúdo e interesse dos utilizadores neste conteúdo;
e v) uma análise estrutural da rede social formada a partir das abordagens
desenvolvidas neste trabalho
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A dynamic clustering mechanism with load-balancing for Flying Ad Hoc NETworks
Flying Ad Hoc NETworks (FANETs) are expected to have a significant impact in several use-cases, from smart agriculture and cities, to mission critical scenarios. The recent surge in the use of FANETs is motivated by their adaptable and flexible behaviour in different scenarios (e.g. disaster-hit locations) allowing the usage of services that require information from remote locations, such as for assessment of damages, checking for survivors, or providing onsite views to assist rescue teams. While FANETs have been developed to provide such critical services, disseminating data with proper performance faces challenges due to inherent properties of FANETs, namely frequent wireless disconnections, intermittent available nodes, and dynamic topologies, mostly when facing an increasing number of deployed unmanned aerial vehicles. Aiming to tackle these challenges, we propose a new Dynamic Clustering Mechanism with Load-Balancing able to support efficient dissemination of data packets in FANETs while ensuring good reliability and scalability factors. The proposed solution is based on the combination of a new meta-heuristic optimization scheme, known as Political Optimizer, used to perform clustering while addressing limitations caused by topology changes, and a new Shannon entropy function implemented to address cluster fault tolerant and traffic overloads. Simulation results show that by combining our proposed model with standard position-based routing protocols, a higher number of end-to-end transmissions are ensured, while supporting an average packet delivery ratio of 97%, an average end-to-end delay of 0.225 seconds, and an average power consumption 37% lower than other state-of-the-art clustering protocols
Establishing trust relationships and secure channels in opportunistic networks
An effective system with techniques and algorithms that preserve the completeness and integrity of packets in a network and protects Opportunistic Networks from packet dropping and modification attacks has been proposed in this thesis. The techniques and attributes used to create the system involve using Merkle trees, trust, and reputation.<br /
The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review
Network latency will be a critical performance metric for the Fifth Generation (5G) networks
expected to be fully rolled out in 2020 through the IMT-2020 project. The multi-user multiple-input
multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology is a key enabler for the 5G massive connectivity criterion,
especially from the massive densification perspective. Naturally, it appears that 5G MU-MIMO will
face a daunting task to achieve an end-to-end 1 ms ultra-low latency budget if traditional network
set-ups criteria are strictly adhered to. Moreover, 5G latency will have added dimensions of scalability
and flexibility compared to prior existing deployed technologies. The scalability dimension caters
for meeting rapid demand as new applications evolve. While flexibility complements the scalability
dimension by investigating novel non-stacked protocol architecture. The goal of this review paper
is to deploy ultra-low latency reduction framework for 5G communications considering flexibility
and scalability. The Four (4) C framework consisting of cost, complexity, cross-layer and computing
is hereby analyzed and discussed. The Four (4) C framework discusses several emerging new
technologies of software defined network (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and fog
networking. This review paper will contribute significantly towards the future implementation of
flexible and high capacity ultra-low latency 5G communications