Mapping Big Data into Knowledge Space with Cognitive Cyber-Infrastructure

Big data research has attracted great attention in science, technology, industry and society. It is developing with the evolving scientific paradigm, the fourth industrial revolution, and the transformational innovation of technologies. However, its nature and fundamental challenge have not been recognized, and its own methodology has not been formed. This paper explores and answers the following questions: What is big data? What are the basic methods for representing, managing and analyzing big data? What is the relationship between big data and knowledge? Can we find a mapping from big data into knowledge space? What kind of infrastructure is required to support not only big data management and analysis but also knowledge discovery, sharing and management? What is the relationship between big data and science paradigm? What is the nature and fundamental challenge of big data computing? A multi-dimensional perspective is presented toward a methodology of big data computing.Comment: 59 page

A Categorical Framework for Quantum Theory

Underlying any theory of physics is a layer of conceptual frames. They connect the mathematical structures used in theoretical models with physical phenomena, but they also constitute our fundamental assumptions about reality. Many of the discrepancies between quantum physics and classical physics (including Maxwell's electrodynamics and relativity) can be traced back to these categorical foundations. We argue that classical physics corresponds to the factual aspects of reality and requires a categorical framework which consists of four interdependent components: boolean logic, the linear-sequential notion of time, the principle of sufficient reason, and the dichotomy between observer and observed. None of these can be dropped without affecting the others. However, in quantum theory the reduction postulate also addresses the "status nascendi" of facts, i.e., their coming into being. Therefore, quantum phyics requires a different conceptual framework which will be elaborated in this article. It is shown that many of its components are already present in the standard formalisms of quantum physics, but in most cases they are highlighted not so much from a conceptual perspective but more from their mathematical structures. The categorical frame underlying quantum physics includes a profoundly different notion of time which encompasses a crucial role for the present.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figur

An Historical Analysis of Lab Techniques as Applies to Current Glial Cell Research

The primary focus of neurology, since the beginning, has been the neuron. This is understandable, neuronal networks and nerves being the main communication mechanism between the brain and the rest of the body. However, this focus on neurons has overshadowed and delayed research on the other cells in the brain. Glial cells, or neuroglia, are defined as all cells in the brain that are not electrically excitable neurons or vascular cells. This definition of glial cells introduced by Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow in 1858. Until relatively recently, the idea that glial cells are simply passive elements of the brain that only function as support for neurons dominated. Now however, scientists are discovering that glial cells do in fact have an active electrical function in the brain. In this paper, I will look at the history of glial cell research, and developments in research technology and techniques. I will analyze a 2014 publication from Mainz University in Germany, which looks at electrical communication between NG2 glial cells and neurons, to illustrate the importance of these developments for current research

About Me

I am inspired by my life experiences and try to reflect them in my art. The main media in my work is silver, along with resin and fabric, which I use to express my thoughts and observations about my life. During the procedure of creation, I have been influenced by Louise Josephine Bourgeois and Vincent van Gogh, and, a book called The Road Less Traveled by M. Scott Peck. While my perspective is that of a Chinese female living in the U.S. for four years, I believe that we all share similarities as human beings. My hands, guided by my thoughts and creativity, use various tools for my art. Every movement produces a new dot on the map of my life, which is a combination of self-exploration, self-observation, self-construction and deconstruction. My life progresses, time clicks by, and I feel like I am flying in space

The Piratical Ethos: Textual Activity and Intellectual Property in Digital Environments

The Piratical Ethos: Textual Activity and Intellectual Property in Digital Environments examines the definition, function, and application of intellectual property in contexts of electronically mediated social production. With a focus on immaterial production - or the forms of coordinated social activity employed to produce knowledge and information in the networked information economy - this project ultimately aims to demonstrate how current intellectual property paradigms must be rearticulated for an age of digital (re)production. By considering the themes of Piracy , Intellectual Property , and Distributed Social Production this dissertation provides an overview of the current state of peer production and intellectual property in the Humanities and Writing Studies. Next, this project develops and implements a communicational-mediational research methodology to theorize how both discursive and material data lend themselves to a more nuanced understanding of the ways that technologies of communication and coordination effect attitudes toward intellectual property. After establishing both a methodology and an interdisciplinary grounding for the themes of the work, this dissertation presents a grounded theoretic analysis of piratical discourse to reveal what I call the piratical ethos , or the guiding attitudes of individuals actively contesting intellectual property in piratical acts of distributed social production. Congruently, this work also investigates the material dynamics of piratical activity by analyzing the cultural-historical activity systems wherein piratical subjectivity emerges, emphasizing the agenic capacity of interfacial technologies at the scales of user and system. Exploring the attitudes of piratical subjects and the technological genres that mediate piratical activity, I contend that the conclusions drawn from The Piratical Ethos can assist Writing Studies researchers with developing novel methodologies to study the intersections of intellectual property and distributed social production in digital worlds