Logical Hidden Markov Models

Logical hidden Markov models (LOHMMs) upgrade traditional hidden Markov models to deal with sequences of structured symbols in the form of logical atoms, rather than flat characters. This note formally introduces LOHMMs and presents solutions to the three central inference problems for LOHMMs: evaluation, most likely hidden state sequence and parameter estimation. The resulting representation and algorithms are experimentally evaluated on problems from the domain of bioinformatics

Parameter Learning of Logic Programs for Symbolic-Statistical Modeling

We propose a logical/mathematical framework for statistical parameter learning of parameterized logic programs, i.e. definite clause programs containing probabilistic facts with a parameterized distribution. It extends the traditional least Herbrand model semantics in logic programming to distribution semantics, possible world semantics with a probability distribution which is unconditionally applicable to arbitrary logic programs including ones for HMMs, PCFGs and Bayesian networks. We also propose a new EM algorithm, the graphical EM algorithm, that runs for a class of parameterized logic programs representing sequential decision processes where each decision is exclusive and independent. It runs on a new data structure called support graphs describing the logical relationship between observations and their explanations, and learns parameters by computing inside and outside probability generalized for logic programs. The complexity analysis shows that when combined with OLDT search for all explanations for observations, the graphical EM algorithm, despite its generality, has the same time complexity as existing EM algorithms, i.e. the Baum-Welch algorithm for HMMs, the Inside-Outside algorithm for PCFGs, and the one for singly connected Bayesian networks that have been developed independently in each research field. Learning experiments with PCFGs using two corpora of moderate size indicate that the graphical EM algorithm can significantly outperform the Inside-Outside algorithm

Teoretické způsoby modelování uživatelského rozhodování

Táto práca sa zaoberá problematikou modelovania užívateľských preferencií. Obsahuje rozbor rozdielnych pohľadov na užívateľské preferencie. Práca obsahuje prehľad stávajúcich modelov užívateľských preferencií a porovnania medzi nimi. Podrobne rozoberá Fuzzy Logické Programovanie, Bayesove Logické Programovanie, Pravdepodobnostné Relačné Modely a Markovove Logické Siete. Pre jednotlivé modely sú navrhnuté transformácie do iných modelov a taktiež sú ukázané ich možnosti použitia v reálnom svete. V závere práce sú uvedené návrhy na rozšírenia jednotlivých modelov. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)In this thesis we address to the problematics of modelling user preferences. We discuss different views on user preferences as well as we give an overview of known models of user preferences and compare them. In more detail we introduce Fuzzy Logic Programming, Bayesian Logic Programming, Probabilistic Relational Models and Markov Logic Networks. For each model we propose transformations to other models and we show possible utilizations in real world. Finally we present our suggestions how to extend and improve these models. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)Katedra softwarového inženýrstvíDepartment of Software EngineeringMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic