11,228 research outputs found
On the parallel lines for nondegenerate conics
Computation of parallel lines (envelopes) to parabolas, ellipses, and
hyperbolas is of importance in structure engineering and theory of mechanisms.
Homogeneous polynomials that implicitly define parallel lines for the given
offset to a conic are found by computing Groebner bases for an elimination
ideal of a suitably defined affine variety. Singularity of the lines is
discussed and their singular points are explicitly found as functions of the
offset and the parameters of the conic. Critical values of the offset are
linked to the maximum curvature of each conic. Application to a finite element
analysis is shown.
Keywords: Affine variety, elimination ideal, Groebner basis, homogeneous
polynomial, singularity, family of curves, envelope, pitch curve, undercutting,
cam surfaceComment: 40 pages, 10 figures, TOC, 3 appendices, short version of this paper
was presented at the 5th Annual Hawaii International Conference on
Statistics, Mathematics and Related Fields, January 16 - 18, 2006, Honolulu
Hawaii, US
Detecting and recognizing centerlines as parabolic sections of the steerable filter response
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The Relation Between Offset and Conchoid Constructions
The one-sided offset surface Fd of a given surface F is, roughly speaking,
obtained by shifting the tangent planes of F in direction of its oriented
normal vector. The conchoid surface Gd of a given surface G is roughly speaking
obtained by increasing the distance of G to a fixed reference point O by d.
Whereas the offset operation is well known and implemented in most CAD-software
systems, the conchoid operation is less known, although already mentioned by
the ancient Greeks, and recently studied by some authors. These two operations
are algebraic and create new objects from given input objects. There is a
surprisingly simple relation between the offset and the conchoid operation. As
derived there exists a rational bijective quadratic map which transforms a
given surface F and its offset surfaces Fd to a surface G and its conchoidal
surface Gd, and vice versa. Geometric properties of this map are studied and
illustrated at hand of some complete examples. Furthermore rational universal
parameterizations for offsets and conchoid surfaces are provided
Development of a new Thomson parabola spectrometer for analysis of laser accelerated ions
This thesis details my work on developing a new Thomson parabola spectrometer for use at the
SCARLET Laser Facility at The Ohio State University. The SCARLET laser facility is a 300
TW laser reaching peak intensities exceeding 10 21 W/cm 2 . The laser is used to study laser-matter
interactions and plasma phenomena. The laser-matter interactions accelerate multiple types of
particles and to understand the interactions it is necessary to have diagnostic tools to characterize
the accelerated particles. In order to measure the charged particles a common device is a
Thomson parabola spectrometer. A Thomson parabola spectrometer uses parallel electric and
magnetic fields that are perpendicular to the incoming particles. This causes deflection of the
particles based on their charge-to-mass ratio and energy. Therefore, the Thomson parabola
spectrometer allows us to determine what particles are present and what their energy range is.
I designed a new spectrometer to replace the existing Thomson parabola spectrometer which had
problems during operation that reduced performance. Using a MATLAB code, I first modeled
the performance of the new design to determine physical dimensions and field strengths that
would allow for 1 MeV resolution of protons up to a maximum energy of 40 MeV. This resulted
in a 5 cm long magnetic field with a field strength of 0.12 T and 10 cm electrodes with a voltage
difference of 6 kV. These physical dimensions were used to create a SolidWorks model. As of
this writing, the newly designed Thomson parabola spectrometer has been built and is currently
being installed for use on future experiments.No embargoAcademic Major: Engineering Physic
Beam squint and Stokes V with off-axis feeds
Radio telescopes with off-axis feeds, such as the (E)VLA, suffer from "beam
squint" in which the two orthogonal circular polarizations sampled have
different pointing centers on the sky. Its effects are weak near the beam
center but become increasingly important towards the edge of the antenna power
pattern where gains in the two polarizations at a given sky position are
significantly different. This effect has limited VLA measurements of circular
polarization (Stokes V) and introduced dynamic range limiting, wide-field
artifacts in images made in Stokes I. We present an adaptation of the
visibility-based deconvolution CLEAN method that can correct this defect "on
the fly" while imaging, correcting as well the associated self-calibration. We
present two examples of this technique using the procedure "Squint" within the
Obit package which allows wide-field imaging in Stokes V and reduced artifacts
in Stokes I. We discuss the residual errors in these examples as well as a
scheme for future correction of some of these errors. This technique can be
generalized to implement temporally- and spatially-variable corrections, such
as pointing and cross-polarization leakage errors.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures (five of them double), to appear in Astronomy &
Astrophysics (accepted: May 9, 2008). High-resolution versions of the figures
(gzipped, tar,gzipped) can be downloaded from
http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~juson/technical/squint/squint_figures.g
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