A dataset of continuous affect annotations and physiological signals for emotion analysis

From a computational viewpoint, emotions continue to be intriguingly hard to understand. In research, direct, real-time inspection in realistic settings is not possible. Discrete, indirect, post-hoc recordings are therefore the norm. As a result, proper emotion assessment remains a problematic issue. The Continuously Annotated Signals of Emotion (CASE) dataset provides a solution as it focusses on real-time continuous annotation of emotions, as experienced by the participants, while watching various videos. For this purpose, a novel, intuitive joystick-based annotation interface was developed, that allowed for simultaneous reporting of valence and arousal, that are instead often annotated independently. In parallel, eight high quality, synchronized physiological recordings (1000 Hz, 16-bit ADC) were made of ECG, BVP, EMG (3x), GSR (or EDA), respiration and skin temperature. The dataset consists of the physiological and annotation data from 30 participants, 15 male and 15 female, who watched several validated video-stimuli. The validity of the emotion induction, as exemplified by the annotation and physiological data, is also presented.Comment: Dataset available at: https://rmc.dlr.de/download/CASE_dataset/CASE_dataset.zi

An Animation Framework for Improving the Comprehension of TinyOS Programs

To meet the increasing demand for monitoring of the physical world, there has been an increase in the development of wireless sensor network applications. The TinyOS platform has emerged as a de facto standard for developing these applications. The platform offers a number of advantages, with its support for concurrency, power-efficient operation, and resource-constrained hardware chief among them. However, the benefits come at a price. Even without the TinyOS platform, the inherent parallel and distributed nature of these applications makes it difficult for developers to reason about program behavior. Further, the TinyOS programming model adopts asynchronous, split-phase execution semantics. Developers must explicitly manage program control state across event-handlers, components, and devices. This makes the design, debugging, and comprehension of these programs even more difficult. In this work, we describe an animation framework for TinyOS programs, designed to enhance the comprehension of their runtime behavior. The framework enables application developers to specify, in the form of an XML configuration file, the runtime elements to be captured within a given system and the manner in which those elements should be displayed. The resulting visualization presents an animated play-back sequence of the events that occurred during execution. The framework also provides a visual representation that connects causally-related events in a distributed network. We describe the design and implementation of the animation framework and present an analysis of the runtime overhead it introduces

Energy-Aware Development and Labeling for Mobile Applications

Today, mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets have become ubiquitous and are used everywhere. Millions of software applications can be purchased and installed on these devices, customizing them to personal interests and needs. However, the frequent use of mobile devices has let a new problem become omnipresent: their limited operation time, due to their limited energy capacities. Although energy consumption can be considered as being a hardware problem, the amount of energy required by today’s mobile devices highly depends on their current workloads, being highly influenced by the software running on them. Thus, although only hardware modules are consuming energy, operating systems, middleware services, and mobile applications highly influence the energy consumption of mobile devices, depending on how efficient they use and control hardware modules. Nevertheless, most of today’s mobile applications totally ignore their influence on the devices’ energy consumption, leading to energy wastes, shorter operation times, and thus, frustrated application users. A major reason for this energy-unawareness is the lack for appropriate tooling for the development of energy-aware mobile applications. As many mobile applications are today behaving energy-unaware and various mobile applications providing similar services exist, mobile application users aim to optimize their devices by installing applications being known as energy-saving or energy-aware; meaning that they consume less energy while providing the same services as their competitors. However, scarce information on the applications’ energy usage is available and, thus, users are forced to install and try many applications manually, before finding the applications fulfilling their personal functional, non-functional, and energy requirements. This thesis addresses the lack of tooling for the development of energy-aware mobile applications and the lack of comparability of mobile applications in terms of energy-awareness with the following two contributions: First, it proposes JouleUnit, an energy profiling and testing framework using unit-tests for the execution of application workloads while profiling their energy consumption in parallel. By extending a well-known testing concept and providing tooling integrated into the development environment Eclipse, JouleUnit requires a low learning curve for the integration into existing development and testing processes. Second, for the comparability of mobile applications in terms of energy efficiency, this thesis proposes an energy benchmarking and labeling service. Mobile applications belonging to the same usage domain are energy-profiled while executing a usage-domain specific benchmark in parallel. Thus, their energy consumption for specific use cases can be evaluated and compared afterwards. To abstract and summarize the profiling results, energy labels are derived that summarize the applications’ energy consumption over all evaluated use cases as a simple energy grade, ranging from A to G. Besides, users can decide how to weigh specific use cases for the computation of energy grades, as it is likely that different users use the same applications differently. The energy labeling service has been implemented for Android applications and evaluated for three different usage domains (being web browsers, email clients, and live wallpapers), showing that different mobile applications indeed differ in their energy consumption for the same services and, thus, their comparison is both possible and sensible. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first approach providing mobile application users comparable energy consumption information on mobile applications without installing and testing them on their own mobile devices

RRS Discovery Cruise 381, 28 Aug - 03 Oct 2012. Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Submesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS)

Cruise D381 was made in support of NERC's Ocean Surface Boundary Layer theme action programme, OSMOSIS (Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study). The ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) deepens in response to convective, wind and surface wave forcing, which produce three-dimensional turbulence that entrains denser water, deepening the layer. The OSBL shoals in response to solar heating and to mesoscale and sub-mesoscale motions that adjust lateral buoyancy gradients into vertical stratification. Recent and ongoing work is revolutionising our view of both the deepening and shoaling processes: new processes are coming into focus that are not currently recognised in model parameterisation schemes. In OSMOSIS we have a project which integrates observations, modelling studies and parameterisation development to deliver a step change in modelling of the OSBL. The OSMOSIS overall aim is to develop new, physically based and observationally supported, parameterisations of processes that deepen and shoal the OSBL, and to implement and evaluate these parameterisations in a state-of-the-art global coupled climate model, facilitating improved weather and climate predictions. Cruise D381 was split into two legs D381A and a process study cruise D381B. D381A partly deployed the OSMOSIS mooring array and two gliders for long term observations near the Porcupine Abyssal Plain Observatory. D381B firstly completed mooring and glider deployment work begun during the preceding D381A cruise. D381B then carried out several days of targetted turbulence profiling looking at changes in turbulent energy dissipation resulting from the interation of upper ocean fluid structures such as eddies, sub-mesoscale filaments and Langmuir cells with surface wind and current shear. Finally D381B conducted two spatial surveys with the towed SeaSoar vehicle to map and diagnose the mesoscale and sub-mesoscale flows, which, unusually, are the `large scale' background in which this study sits

RRS Discovery Cruise 381, 28 Aug - 03 Oct 2012. Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Submesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS)

Cruise D381 was made in support of NERC's Ocean Surface Boundary Layer theme action programme, OSMOSIS (Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study). The ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) deepens in response to convective, wind and surface wave forcing, which produce three-dimensional turbulence that entrains denser water, deepening the layer. The OSBL shoals in response to solar heating and to mesoscale and sub-mesoscale motions that adjust lateral buoyancy gradients into vertical stratification. Recent and ongoing work is revolutionising our view of both the deepening and shoaling processes: new processes are coming into focus that are not currently recognised in model parameterisation schemes. In OSMOSIS we have a project which integrates observations, modelling studies and parameterisation development to deliver a step change in modelling of the OSBL. The OSMOSIS overall aim is to develop new, physically based and observationally supported, parameterisations of processes that deepen and shoal the OSBL, and to implement and evaluate these parameterisations in a state-of-the-art global coupled climate model, facilitating improved weather and climate predictions. Cruise D381 was split into two legs D381A and a process study cruise D381B. D381A partly deployed the OSMOSIS mooring array and two gliders for long term observations near the Porcupine Abyssal Plain Observatory. D381B firstly completed mooring and glider deployment work begun during the preceding D381A cruise. D381B then carried out several days of targetted turbulence profiling looking at changes in turbulent energy dissipation resulting from the interation of upper ocean fluid structures such as eddies, sub-mesoscale filaments and Langmuir cells with surface wind and current shear. Finally D381B conducted two spatial surveys with the towed SeaSoar vehicle to map and diagnose the mesoscale and sub-mesoscale flows, which, unusually, are the `large scale' background in which this study sits

RRS Discovery Cruise D359, 17 Dec 2010-14 Jan 2011. RAPID moorings cruise report

This cruise report covers scientific operations conducted during RRS Discovery Cruise D359. Cruise D359 departed from São Antonio, Cape Verde on Friday 17th December 2010 arriving Santa Cruz de Tenerife Friday 14th December 2011.The purpose of the cruise was the refurbishment of an array of moorings on the mid-­Atlantic Ridge and off the Moroccan Coast at a nominal latitude of 26.5°N. The moorings are part of a purposeful Atlantic wide mooring array for monitoring the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and Heat Flux. The array is a joint UK/US programme and is known as the RAPID-­?WATCH/MOCHA array. Information and data from the project can be found on the web site hosted by the National Oceanography Centre Southampton http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc and also from the British Oceanographic Data Centre http://www.bodc.ac.uk.The RAPID transatlantic array consists of 24 moorings of which 21 are maintained by the UK, and 20 bottom landers of which 16 are maintained by the UK. The moorings are primarily instrumented with self logging instruments measuring conductivity, temperature and pressure. Direct measurements of currents are made in the shallow and deep western boundary currents. The bottom landers are instrumented with bottom pressure recorders (also known as tide gauges), measuring the weight of water above the instrument.The RAPID naming convention for moorings is Western Boundary (WB), Eastern Boundary (EB) and Mid-­Atlantic Ridge (MAR) indicating the general sub-­regions of the array. Numbering increments from west to east. An L in the name indicates a bottom lander, M indicates a mini-­mooring with only one instrument, H indicates a mooring on the continental slope. During D359 we recovered: MAR0, MAR1L4, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR3L4, EB1, EB1L7, EBHi, EBH1, EBH1L7, EBH2, EBH3, EBH4, EBP2, EBH5, EBM5. We did not recover EBM1, EBM4, EBM6, EBH1 and MAR3. We deployed: MAR0, MAR1L7, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR3L6, EB1, EB1L7, EBHi, EBH1, EBH1L8, EBH2, EBH3, EBH4, EBP2, EBH5. A sediment trap mooring NOGST was also recovered and redeployed for the Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Group at the NOCS.CTD stations were conducted at convenient times throughout the cruise for purposes of providing pre and post deployment calibrations for mooring instrumentation and for testing mooring releases prior to deployment.Shipboard underway measurements were systematically logged, processed and calibrated, including: waves (spectra of energy and significant wave height), surface meteorology (air pressure, temperature, wind speed and direction and radiation (total incident and photosynthetically active), 6m-­depth sea temperatures and salinities, water depth, navigation (differential GPS measurements feeding two independent and different receivers, heading, pitch and roll from a four antenna Ashtec ADU5 receiver, gyro heading and ships speed relative to the water using an electro-­magnetic log). Water velocity profiles from 15m to approximately 500m depth were obtained using a ship mounted 75 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler. Sea-­water samples from CTD stations and of the sea-­surface were obtained for calibration and analysed on a salinometer referencing these samples against standard sea water. For velocity data (wind and currents) measured relative to the ship considerable effort was made to obtain the best possible earth-­referenced velocities.Four APEX argo floats supplied by the Met Office were deployed at pre-­assigned locations, filling gaps in the network

RRS Charles Darwin Cruise 141, 01 Jun-11 Jul 2002. Satellite Calibration and Interior Physics of the Indian Ocean: SCIPIO

RRS Charles Darwin Cruise 141, SCIPIO (Satellite Calibration and Interior Physics of the Indian Ocean) provided a multidisciplinary survey of the Mascarene Ridge system in the western Indian Ocean. The principal objectives were to (a) study the flow of water masses through the Ridge system, together with their decadal-timescale variability, (b) assess the energy fluxes and mixing arising from internal waves, (c) collect in situ data for the calibration of sea-surface temperature and ocean colour sensors on the ENVISAT satellite, (d) investigate the biogeochemical properties of the water masses, and (e) measure the heat fluxes and winds, and the airflow disturbance around the ship. The survey comprised three sections parallel with the Ridge near 64°, 60° and 57° E, joined by two other sections at 8° and 20°S. The sections comprised CTD, LADCP, and biogeochemistry (nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, biogenic gases, CFC tracers and light levels) stations to full ocean depth, at typical spacings of about 60-80 nm. At several of these the CTD and LADCP were cycled continuously for a semidiurnal tidal cycle to study the internal waves, and the smaller 12-bottle CTD frame was used throughout (usually with 6 bottles) in order to reduce mixing effects from the trailing wake. Underway measurements were made with the shipboard ADCP, TSG, radiosondes, XBTs, and of surface meteorology, skin surface temperature, and zooplankton. The ship's EM12 swath bathymetry system was operated continuously, and used to study certain key areas in detail. In addition, MMP (a cycling CTD) and bottom-mounted ADCP moorings were successfully laid and recovered near 8°S, 60°E, and a first deployment of the ARGODOT turbulence probe was made near 20°S, 57.5°E

Bridges Structural Health Monitoring and Deterioration Detection Synthesis of Knowledge and Technology

INE/AUTC 10.0