An ontology-based approach to role-human assignment in human processes for knowledge intensive services

Knowledge intensive service processes should be managed in a human-oriented way since human workers who naturally undertake complex operations of an intellectual nature in the processes are the most valuable resources for service-providing companies. For the human-oriented management, a role-based approach has been widely applied. The foremost step in the role-based human process management is to assign relevant roles to appropriate humans. The role assignment task is also highly dependent on the ability of humans to consider information about roles and humans. In order to manage the role assignment in a human-oriented way, this paper presents two fundamental principles upon which the assignment task is carried out. First, roles should not be assigned until they need to be activated; second, the authority for the role assignment should be distributed to participants in the processes. In order to support the principles, the information should be explicitly and formally described to enable all the participants to easily understand and utilize it. Consequently, this paper proposes a methodology for managing the role assignment in a human-oriented way by adopting an ontological approach which can precisely describe the information. From the proposed methodology, human workers can be notified which roles are triggered to be activated and wait to be assigned. Moreover, they can be provided appropriate candidate humans when carrying out the assignment task. The contribution of this paper is to suggest a role assignment methodology that not only lightens the assignment workload by providing the capability of identifying a small set of appropriate candidates but also enables the efficient assignment by streamlining the assignment task. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.X1130sciescopu

Análise de tipos de ontologias nas áreas de ciência da informação e ciência da computação

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, Florianópolis, 2014.A emergência de tecnologias que visam complementar a web, associada às problemáticas na busca por novos modelos de recuperação de informação mais eficientes, abriram espaço para estudos que utilizam os benefícios da organização semântica da informação e do conhecimento. Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento (SOCs) permitem representar um domínio por meio da sistematização dos conceitos e das relações semânticas que se estabelecem entre eles. Entre os tipos desses sistemas conceituais estão as ontologias, utilizadas para representar o conhecimento relativo a um dado domínio do conhecimento. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo, por meio de uma pesquisa documental, identificar as principais características dos tipos de ontologias. Para tanto, foi empregado, nos procedimentos metodológicos, o método de Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Para a construção do corpus de análise foram utilizadas as bases de dados da Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) e da Computer and Information Systems Abstracts. A análise dos resultados permitiu identificar um predomínio significativo nas pesquisas relacionadas às ontologias de domínio, utilizando-a como ferramenta para representação de conceitos e relações que estejam inseridas na visão de mundo desejada. Diferentemente, as ontologias de topo definem os conceitos mais básicos e que sejam extensíveis a outras ações e domínios associados a sua área de abordagem. Os tipos aplicação e tarefa permitem um nível de representação mais específico, alinhado a modelagem de ambientes particulares.Abstract : The emergence of technologies that aim at complementing the internet, associated with the problematics that arise in the search for new models of information retrieval that are more efficient, have made room for studies that make use of the benefits of the semantic organization of information and knowledge. Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) allow the representation of a domain through the systematization of concepts and semantic relations that have been stablished between them. Among these forms of conceptual systems are the ontologies, utilized in the representation of knowledge relative to a given knowledge domain. The goal of this research, therefore, is to identify the main characteristics of the types of ontologies through documentary research. For that, we have employed in the methodological procedures the Laurence Bardin Content Analysis Method. As for the corpus analysis construction we made use of the databases of the Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) and Computer and Information Systems Abstracts. The analysis of the results allowed the identification of a significant predominance of researches related to domain ontologies, they were used as tools for the representation of concepts and relations that are inserted in the desired world view. In contrast, top level ontologies define the most basic concepts that are extendable to other actions and domains associated to its approach area. The application and task types allow a representation that is more specific and alligned with the modeling of particular environments