59,924 research outputs found
Semantic keyword search for expert witness discovery
In the last few years, there has been an increase in the amount of information stored in semantically enriched knowledge bases, represented in RDF format. These improve the accuracy of search results when the queries are semantically formal. However framing such queries is inappropriate for inexperience users because they require specialist knowledge of ontology and syntax. In this paper, we explore an approach that automates the process of converting a conventional keyword search into a semantically formal query in order to find an expert on a semantically enriched knowledge base. A case study on expert witness discovery for the resolution of a legal dispute is chosen as the domain of interest and a system named SKengine is implemented to illustrate the approach. As well as providing an easy user interface, our experiment shows that SKengine can retrieve expert witness information with higher precision and higher recall, compared with the other system, with the same interface, implemented by a vector model approach
Semantic keyword search for expert witness discovery
In the last few years, there has been an increase in the amount of information stored in semantically enriched knowledge bases, represented in RDF format. These improve the accuracy of search results when the queries are semantically formal. However framing such queries is inappropriate for inexperience users because they require specialist knowledge of ontology and syntax. In this paper, we explore an approach that automates the process of converting a conventional keyword search into a semantically formal query in order to find an expert on a semantically enriched knowledge base. A case study on expert witness discovery for the resolution of a legal dispute is chosen as the domain of interest and a system named SKengine is implemented to illustrate the approach. As well as providing an easy user interface, our experiment shows that SKengine can retrieve expert witness information with higher precision and higher recall, compared with the other system, with the same interface, implemented by a vector model approach
An information assistant system for the prevention of tunnel vision in crisis management
In the crisis management environment, tunnel vision is a set of bias in decision makersâ cognitive process which often leads to incorrect understanding of the real crisis situation, biased perception of information, and improper decisions. The tunnel vision phenomenon is a consequence of both the challenges in the task and the natural limitation in a human beingâs cognitive process. An information assistant system is proposed with the purpose of preventing tunnel vision. The system serves as a platform for monitoring the on-going crisis event. All information goes through the system before arrives at the user. The system enhances the data quality, reduces the data quantity and presents the crisis information in a manner that prevents or repairs the userâs cognitive overload. While working with such a system, the users (crisis managers) are expected to be more likely to stay aware of the actual situation, stay open minded to possibilities, and make proper decisions
The singularities as ontological limits of the general relativity
The singularities from the general relativity resulting by solving Einstein's equations were and still are the subject of many scientific debates: Are there singularities in spacetime, or not? Big Bang was an initial singularity? If singularities exist, what is their ontology? Is the general theory of relativity a theory that has shown its limits in this case?
In this essay I argue that there are singularities, and the general theory of relativity, as any other scientific theory at present, is not valid for singularities. But that does not mean, as some scientists think, that it must be regarded as being obsolete.
After a brief presentation of the specific aspects of Newtonian classical theory and the special theory of relativity, and a brief presentation of the general theory of relativity, the chapter Ontology of General Relativity presents the ontological aspects of general relativity. The next chapter, Singularities, is dedicated to the presentation of the singularities resulting in general relativity, the specific aspects of the black holes and the event horizon, including the Big Bang debate as original singularity, and arguments for the existence of the singularities. In Singularity Ontology, I am talking about the possibilities of ontological framing of singularities in general and black holes in particular, about the hole argument highlighted by Einstein, and the arguments presented by scientists that there are no singularities and therefore that the general theory of relativity is in deadlock. In Conclusions I outline and summarize briefly the arguments that support my above views.
DOI: 10.58679/TW6232
Husserlâs Concept of the âTranscendental Personâ: Another Look at the HusserlâHeidegger Relationship
This paper offers a further look at Husserlâs late thought on the transcendental subject and the HusserlâHeidegger relationship. It attempts a reconstruction of how Husserl hoped to assert his own thoughts on subjectivity vis-Ă -vis Heidegger, while also pointing out where Husserl did not reach the new level that Heidegger attained. In his late manuscripts, Husserl employs the term âtranscendental personâ to describe the transcendental ego in its fullest âconcretionâ. I maintain that although this concept is a consistent development of Husserlâs earlier analyses of constitution, Husserl was also defending himself against Heidegger, who criticized him for framing the subject in terms of transcendental ego rather than as Dasein. Husserl was convinced that he could successfully respond to Heideggerâs critique, but he did not grasp that Heideggerâs fundamental ontology was an immanent development, rather than a scathing criticism, of his own phenomenology
Dangerous ontologies: the ethos of survival and ethical theorising in international relations
The article responds to a recent call for a more systematic interrogation of the persistence of the dichotomous relation between ethics and International Relations. The addition of ethics into International Relations, it has recently been claimed, has left unquestioned the ethical assumptions encompassed in the âagendaâ of International Relations itself. Thus, the article examines the ethics implicit in the âagenda of IRâ and, in so doing, considers the condition of possibility for a movement beyond the dichotomy âethics and IRâ and towards âan ethical International Relationsâ. To achieve this task the article calls for an understanding of ethics as ethos. It further illustrates how the âdangerous ontologyâ of realist IR is discursively created through an exposition of Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan and Carl Schmitt's The Concept of the Political. In this anarchical ontology of danger an âethos of survivalâ has come to be the relational framework through which the other is conceptually encountered as an enemy. Subsequently, the article considers what repercussions this ethos has for the reception of ethics into IR
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Team 3: Exploring the relationship of systems research to systems literacy
In this paper, the Systems Research Team (SRT) details the activities and outcomes of the 2016 IFSR Conversation in Linz, Austria. The 2016 SRT includes: Mary Edson (team leader), Pam Buckle Henning, Tim Ferris, Andreas Hieronymi, Ray Ison, Gary Metcalf, George Mobus, Nam Nguyen, David Rousseau, and Shankar Sankaran, with guest team member, Peter Tuddenham, anchoring the endeavor in Systems Literacy. While the 2014 SRTâs focus was answering the question, âWhat distinguishes Systems Research from other types of research?â an internal focus intended to provide grounding for researchers new to the Systems Sciences, the 2016 SRTâs focus is on reaching out to a broader community in order to provide a foundation for Systems Literacy. The teamâs Conversation revolved around the question, âHow can Systems Research be in service to Systems Literacy?â The teamâs discussions were directed into two essential aspects, separate and integrated, of this question. First, Systems Research serves Systems Literacy by providing a credible foundation for the principles and practices of Systems Science and Systems Thinking in both systematic and systemic modes. Second, Systems Research provides a neutral frame for development of ethical applications of those principles and practices.
The SRT recognizes the exigency in providing foundational principles that can be effectively adopted and disseminated through Systems Literacy. The teamâs narrative begins with an understanding the urgency for application of Systems Sciences and Systems Thinking to critical issues. Systems research, as with other types of research, is typically a slow generation of results; however, the body of knowledge gained through this process can be confidently used to address complexity in timely ways. The criticality of the need for salient approaches to complexity is shown in a graphic representation of some possible trajectories of applying or not applying these Systems principles in practice. The choice of how we respond to these issues relates to a process model that can be applied. Through understanding the relationship of the process model to the trajectory, the team directed its focus to developing a MindMap (Eppler, 2006) of eight essential aspects or features of how Systems Research can support Systems Literacy. These include: Systems Science knowledge base, roles and personas, maturity models, role profile, ontology/vocabulary, perspective/framing choice, frameworks, and political ecology. Each of these eight has its own process of unpacking, which was demonstrated to the Conversation participants by delving more deeply into the aspect of knowledge base. The eight relate to unpacking the Systems landscape in a coherent but loosely coupled investment portfolio (economic, social, and relational) for building systemic sensibility in such a way as to be dis/aggregated for different audiences. The weekâs work culminated in a plan for âLooking Ahead,â which outlines the intentions of the SRT to continue its activities in support of Systems Literacy in the upcoming months. An example of this continued work is a workshop, âToward Systems Literacy, the Role of Systems Research,â that was conducted at the 60th Meeting of the International Society for the Systems Sciences in Boulder, July 25, 2016
De-Briefing Aime Project : a participant perspective
This paper attempts to evaluate the AIME project immanently, from the perspective of a participant, in terms of five criteria: digitality, diplomacy, religiosity, testability, and democracy. A sixth criterion runs through the other five: pluralism. I distinguish between AIME as project, as process, and as party line
Informaticology: combining Computer Science, Data Science, and Fiction Science
Motivated by an intention to remedy current complications with Dutch
terminology concerning informatics, the term informaticology is positioned to
denote an academic counterpart of informatics where informatics is conceived of
as a container for a coherent family of practical disciplines ranging from
computer engineering and software engineering to network technology, data
center management, information technology, and information management in a
broad sense.
Informaticology escapes from the limitations of instrumental objectives and
the perspective of usage that both restrict the scope of informatics. That is
achieved by including fiction science in informaticology and by ranking fiction
science on equal terms with computer science and data science, and framing (the
study of) game design, evelopment, assessment and distribution, ranging from
serious gaming to entertainment gaming, as a chapter of fiction science. A
suggestion for the scope of fiction science is specified in some detail.
In order to illustrate the coherence of informaticology thus conceived, a
potential application of fiction to the ontology of instruction sequences and
to software quality assessment is sketched, thereby highlighting a possible
role of fiction (science) within informaticology but outside gaming
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