Simulated Economic Impact of TED Regulations on Selected Vessels in the Texas Shrimp Fishery

Shrimp fishermen trawling in the Gulf of Mexico and south Atlantic inadvertently capture and kill sea turtles which are classified as endangered species. Recent legislation requires the use of a Turtle Excluder Device(TED) which, when in place in the shrimp trawl, reduces sea turtle mortality. The impact of the TED on shrimp production is not known. This intermediate analysis of the TED regulations using an annual firm level simulation model indicated that the average Texas shrimp vessel had a low probability of being an economic success before regulations were enacted. An assumption that the TED regulations resulted in decreased production aggravated this condition and the change in Ending Net Worth and Net Present Value of Ending Net Worth before and after a TED was placed in the net was significant at the 5 percent level. However, the difference in the Internal Rate of Return for the TED and non-TED simulations was not significant unless the TED caused a substantial change in catch. This analysis did not allow for interactions between the fishermen in the shrimp industry, an assumption which could significantly alter the impact of TED use on the catch and earnings of the individual shrimp vessel

Aquaculture Asia, vol. 8, no. 3, pp.1-58, July - September 2003

CONTENTS: Ornamental Fish Farming – Successful Small Scale Aqua business in India, by Abalika Ghosh, B. K. Mahapatra and N.C. Datta. Tilapia: A species for Indian Aquaculture? by Graham Mair. Peri-urban food production in Southeast Asia, by Peter Edwards. Shrimp Farming Practices and its Socio- Economic Consequences in East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India - A Case Study, by M.Kumaran, P.Ravichandran, B.P.Gupta and A.Nagavel. Breeding technique of Malaysian golden arowana, Scleropages formosus in concrete tanks, by Mohamad Zaini Suleiman. Captive Breeding of Peacock Eel, Macrognathus aculeatus, by S.K.Das and N. Kalita. Substrate based aquaculture systems: Farmer innovation withstands scientific scrutiny and proves robust, by M.C. Nandeesha. [Farmers as Scientists series] Extension in shrimp health management: experiences from an MPEDA/NACA program in Andhra Pradesh, India, by PA Padiyar, MJ Phillips, M Primphon, CV Mohan, BV Bhat, VS Rao, G Ravi Babu, ABCh Mohan, GN Murthy and P Chanratchakool. The status and treatment of serious diseases of freshwater prawns and crabs in China, by Yang Xianle and Huang Yanping. Guidelines for improvement of water quality and volume in shrimp farm (แนวทางในการปรับปรุงคุณภาพ และปริมาณน้ำในฟาร์มกุ้ง), by Pornlerd Chanratchakool. Improvement of larval rearing technique for Humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis, by Ketut Sugama, Suko Ismi, Shogo. Kawahara and Mike Rimme

Perspectives from agriculture: advances in livestock breeding - implications for aquaculture genetics

In this paper we present livestock breeding developments that could be taken into consideration in the genetic improvement of farmed aquaculture species, especially in freshwater fish. Firstly, the current breeding objective in aquatic species has focused almost exclusively on the improvement of body weight at harvest or on growth related traits. This is unlikely to be sufficient to meet the future needs of the aquaculture industry. To meet future demands breeding programs will most likely have to include additional traits, such as fitness related ones (survival, disease resistance), feed efficiency, or flesh quality, rather than only growth performance. In order to select for a multi-trait breeding objective, genetic variation in traits of interest and the genetic relationships among them need to be estimated. In addition, economic values for these traits will be required. Generally, there is a paucity of data on variable and fixed production costs in aquaculture, and this could be a major constraint in the further expansion of the breeding objectives. Secondly, genetic evaluation systems using the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML) and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) in a framework of mixed model methodology could be widely adopted to replace the more commonly used method of mass selection based on phenotypic performance. The BLUP method increases the accuracy of selection and also allows the management of inbreeding and estimation of genetic trends. BLUP is an improvement over the classic selection index approach, which was used in the success story of the genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) in the Philippines, with genetic gains from 10 to 20 per cent per generation of selection. In parallel with BLUP, optimal genetic contribution theory can be applied to maximize genetic gain while constraining inbreeding in the long run in selection programs. Thirdly, by using advanced statistical methods, genetic selection can be carried out not only at the nucleus level but also in lower tiers of the pyramid breeding structure. Large scale across population genetic evaluation through genetic connectedness using cryopreserved sperm enables the comparison and ranking of genetic merit of all animals across populations, countries or years, and thus the genetically superior brood stock can be identified and widely used and exchanged to increase the rate of genetic progress in the population as a whole. It is concluded that sound genetic programs need to be established for aquaculture species. In addition to being very effective, fully pedigreed breeding programs would also enable the exploration of possibilities of integrating molecular markers (e.g., genetic tagging using DNA fingerprinting, marker (gene) assisted selection) and reproductive technologies such as in-vitro fertilization using cryopreserved spermatozoa

Aquaculture Asia, vol. 8, no. 4, pp.1-52, October - December 2003

CONTENTS: Freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium nobilii a promising candidate for rural nutrition, by Pitchimuthu Mariappan, P. Balamurugan, and Chellam Balasundaram. Snapshots of a clean, innovative, socially responsible fishfarm in Sri Lanka, by Pedro Bueno. Introduction of rainbow trout Onchorynchus mykiss in Nepal: Constraints and prospects, by Tek Bahadur Gurung, Sadhu Ram Basnet. Tilapia seed production in Ho Chi Minh City, Southern Vietnam, by H. P. V. Huy, A. MacNiven, N. V. Tu, Ram C. Bhujel and David C. Little. Seaweed Mariculture: Scope And Potential In India, by Sajid I. Khan and S. B. Satam. Growth enhancement of carp and prawn through dietary sodium chloride supplementation, by P.Keshavanath, B. Gangadhara and Savitha Khadri. Fertilization, soil and water quality management in small-scale ponds, by S. Adhikari Shrimp harvesting technology on the south west coast of Bangladesh, by S. M. Nazmul Alam, Michael J. Phillips and C. K. Lin. The “Gher Revolution”, by M.C. Nandeesha [Farmers as Scientists series] Aquaculture Compendium – case study component, by Peter Edwards. Rice-Fish Culture in China, by Fang Xiuzhen. Exercising responsibilities to tackle aquatic animal diseases, by CV Mohan. Application of immunostimulants in larviculture: Feasibility and challenges, by ZhouJin. Marine Finfish Sectio

Extrinsic Parameter Calibration for Line Scanning Cameras on Ground Vehicles with Navigation Systems Using a Calibration Pattern

Line scanning cameras, which capture only a single line of pixels, have been increasingly used in ground based mobile or robotic platforms. In applications where it is advantageous to directly georeference the camera data to world coordinates, an accurate estimate of the camera's 6D pose is required. This paper focuses on the common case where a mobile platform is equipped with a rigidly mounted line scanning camera, whose pose is unknown, and a navigation system providing vehicle body pose estimates. We propose a novel method that estimates the camera's pose relative to the navigation system. The approach involves imaging and manually labelling a calibration pattern with distinctly identifiable points, triangulating these points from camera and navigation system data and reprojecting them in order to compute a likelihood, which is maximised to estimate the 6D camera pose. Additionally, a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to estimate the uncertainty of the offset. Tested on two different platforms, the method was able to estimate the pose to within 0.06 m / 1.05$^{\circ}$ and 0.18 m / 2.39$^{\circ}$. We also propose several approaches to displaying and interpreting the 6D results in a human readable way.Comment: Published in MDPI Sensors, 30 October 201

Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp.1-60, July - September 2002

CONTENTS: Sustainable Aquaculture - Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: Aquaculture for Poverty Alleviation and Food Security - Part II. Shrimp pond waste management by U Win Latt. The role of rural extension in the sustainable development of Chinese aquaculture by Min Kuanhong. Farmers as Scientists: Diversity enhances profitability and sustainability by M.C. Nandeesha. Properties of Liming Materials by Claude E. Boyd, Mali Boonyaratpalin & Taworn Thunjai. Seed Production of Mud Crab Scylla spp. by Emilia T. Quinitio, Fe Delores Parado-Estepa and Eduard Rodriguez Genes and Fish: The dilemmas of strain selection by Graham Mair. Seed Production of the Crucifix Crab Charybdis feriatus by Fe Delores Parado-Estepa, Eduard Rodriguez and Emilia T. Quinitio. Aquaculture Fundamentals: A general approach to disease treatment & control by Simon Wilkinson. Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network meets in Vietnam. New APEC Project: Improving Coastal Livelihoods Through Sustainable Aquaculture Practices. Breeding and Seed Production of the Mangrove Red Snapper by Arnil C. Emata. APEC, FAO, NACA, and OIE enhance Capacity on Risk Analysis (IRA)in Aquatic Animal Movement in Asia-Pacific region by Melba Reantaso. Advice on Aquatic Animal Health: Questions & answers on drugs and chemicals by Pornlerd Chanratchakool. Responsible use of antibiotics in shrimp farming by Sara Graslund, Karin Karlsson and Janenuj Wongtavatchai. Molecular methods for rapid and specific detection of pathogens in seafood by Iddya Karunasagar, Indrani Karunasagar and H. Samath Kumar. Practical approaches to health management for cage cultured marine fishes by Leong Tak Seng

Fish genetics research in member countries and institutions of the International Network on Genetics in Aquaculture: Proceedings of the Fifth Steering Committee Meeting of INGA

A conference proceedings of the Fifth Steering Committee Meeting of the International Network on Genetics in Aquaculture (INGA), this publication incorporates information drawn from aquaculture genetics research undertaken or in progress in member countries and associate member institutions of INGA. The papers in this publication examine progress in aquaculture genetics research in developing countries and identify areas for possible collaboration between institutions in developing and developed countries towards developing better breeds of fish that can contribute to increased production and food security while ensuring the conservation of aquatic biodiversity.Fishery resources, Genetics, INGA, Information networks, ICLARM, SEAFDEC, FAO, Bangladesh, China, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Malawi, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam, Israel, UK, Netherlands,

Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp.1-60, April - June 2002

CONTENTS: Prawn farm energy audits and five star ratings by Eric Peterson. Development of freshwater fish farming and poverty alleviation: A case study from Bangladesh by Gertjan de Graaf and Abdul Latif. Conservation of endangered fish stocks through artificial propagation and larval rearing technique in West Bengal, India by M. Mijkherjee, Aloke Praharaj and Shamik Das. Genes and Fish: Supply of good quality fish seed for sustainable aquaculture by Graham Mair. Farmers as Scientists: Sewage-fed aquaculture systems of Kolkata: A century old innovation of farmers by M.C. Nandeesha. When policy makers begin hearing voices by Graham Haylor Fish farming in rice environments of north eastern India by D. N. Das. Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: Aquaculture for poverty alleviation and food security. Aquaculture Fundamentals: The use of lime, gypsum, alum and potassium permanganate in water quality management by Simon Wilkinson. The utilizations of heterosis in common carp in China by Dong Z.J. and Yuan X.H. Progress of fish gene technology research in China by Zhang Yue and Zhu Xinping. Seed production of Magur (Clarias batrachus) using a rural model portable hatchery in Assam, India – A farmer proven technology by S.K. Das. Domestication of tiger prawn gets the thumbs up. A regional approach to assessing organic waste production by low salinity shrimp farms by Dr. Brian Szuster and Dr Mark Flaherty. Advice on Aquatic Animal Health Care: Visit to intensive vannemei farms in Peru by Pornlerd Chanratchakool

Farming the Sea

During the last decades aquaculture has been one of the world’s fastest growing food production technologies. This is primarily due to increased control over the production process that has enabled innovations, productivity growth, and reduced production costs. Compared to agriculture, production technology, research, and development in aquaculture are still not very sophisticated, and control over the production process is still limited. This implies that there still is potential for further innovations and productivity growth in aquaculture. Although one must face similar environmental challenges as agriculture, there is no doubt that intensive aquaculture can be sustainable. Moreover, increased food production from the sea can reduce pressure on marginal terrestrial land and deforestation. As the productivity potential in aquaculture is exploited, aquaculture production is set to continue its increase, and humanity will, to an increasing extent, also farm the sea.Aquaculture, farming, innovation, productivity, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Risk and Uncertainty, Q18, Q22,