Steganalytic Methods for the Detection of Histogram Shifting Data Hiding Schemes

Peer-reviewedIn this paper, several steganalytic techniques designed to detect the existence of hidden messages using histogram shifting schemes are presented. Firstly, three techniques to identify specific histogram shifting data hiding schemes, based on detectable visible alterations on the histogram or abnormal statistical distributions, are suggested. Afterwards, a general technique capable of detecting all the analyzed histogram shifting data hiding methods is suggested. This technique is based on the effect of histogram shifting methods on the ¿volatility¿ of the histogram of the difference image. The different behavior of volatility whenever new data are hidden makes it possible to identify stego and cover images

A novel image authenticationand rightful ownership detection framework based on DWT watermarking in cloud environment

Cloud computing has been highlighted by many organizations because of its benefits to use it anywhere. Efficiency, Easy access information, quick deployment, and a huge reduce of cost of using it, are some of the cloud advantages. While cost reduction is one of the great benefits of cloud, privacy protection of the users‘ data is also a significant issue of the cloud that cloud providers have to consider about. This is a vital component of the cloud‘s critical infrastructure. Cloud users use this environment to enable numerous online transactions crossways a widespread range of sectors and to exchange information. Especially, misuse of the users‘ data and private information are some of the important problems of using cloud environment. Cloud untrustworthy environment is a good area for hackers to steal user‘s stored data by Phishing and Pharming techniques. Therefore, cloud vendors should utilize easy- to-use, secure, and efficient environment. Besides they should prepare a way to access cloud services that promote data privacy and ownership protection. The more data privacy and ownership protection in cloud environment, the more users will attract to use this environment to put their important private data. In this study, a rightful ownership detection framework has been proposed to mitigate the ownership protection in cloud environment. Best methods for data privacy protection such as image authentication methods, watermarking methods and cryptographic methods, for mitigating the ownership protection problem to use in cloud environment, have been explored. Finally, efficiency and reliability of the proposed framework have been evaluated and analyzed

A Sequential Circuit-Based IP Watermarking Algorithm for Multiple Scan Chains in Design-for-Test

In Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits (VLSI) design, the existing Design-for-Test(DFT) based watermarking techniques usually insert watermark through reordering scan cells, which causes large resource overhead, low security and coverage rate of watermark detection. A novel scheme was proposed to watermark multiple scan chains in DFT for solving the problems. The proposed scheme adopts DFT scan test model of VLSI design, and uses a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) for pseudo random test vector generation. All of the test vectors are shifted in scan input for the construction of multiple scan chains with minimum correlation. Specific registers in multiple scan chains will be changed by the watermark circuit for watermarking the design. The watermark can be effectively detected without interference with normal function of the circuit, even after the chip is packaged. The experimental results on several ISCAS benchmarks show that the proposed scheme has lower resource overhead, probability of coincidence and higher coverage rate of watermark detection by comparing with the existing methods

Improved digital watermarking schemes using DCT and neural techniques

The present thesis investigates the copyright protection by utilizing the digital watermarking of images. The basic spatial domain technique DCT based frequency based technique were studied and simulated. Most recently used Neural Network based DCT Scheme is also studied and simulated. The earlier used Back Propagation Network (BPN) is replaced by Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) in the proposed scheme to improve the robustness and overall computation requirements. Since RBFNN requires less number of weights during training, the memory requirement is also less as compared to BPN. Keywords : Digital Watermarking, Back Propagation Network (BPN), Hash Function, Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Watermarking can be considered as a special technique of steganography where one message is embedded in another and the two messages are related to each other in some way. The most common examples of watermarking are the presence of specific patterns in currency notes, which are visible only when the note is held to light, and logos in the background of printed text documents. The watermarking techniques prevent forgery and unauthorized replication of physical objects. In digital watermarking a low-energy signal is imperceptibly embedded in another signal. The low-energy signal is called the watermark and it depicts some metadata, like security or rights information about the main signal. The main signal in which the watermark is embedded is referred to as the cover signal since it covers the watermark. In recent years the ease with which perfect copies can be made has lead large-scale unauthorized copying, which is a great concern to the music, film, book and software publishing industries. Because of this concern over copyright issues, a number of technologies are being developed to protect against illegal copying. One of these technologies is the use of digital watermarks. Watermarking embeds an ownership signal directly into the data. In this way, the signal is always present with the data. Analysis Digital watermarking techniques were implemented in the frequency domain using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). The DCT transforms a signal or image from the spatial domain to the frequency domain. Also digital watermarking was implemented using Neural Networks such as: 1. Back Propagation Network (BPN) 2. Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) Digital watermarking using RBFNN was proposed which improves both security and robustness of the image. It is based on the Cover’s theorem which states that nonlinearly separable patterns can be separated linearly if the pattern is cast nonlinearly into a higher dimensional space. RBFNN contains an input layer, a hidden layer with nonlinear activation functions and an output layer with linear activation functions. Results The following results were obtained:- 1. The DCT based method is more robust than that of the LSB based method in the tested possible attacks. DCT method can achieve the following two goals: The first is that illegal users do not know the location of the embedded watermark in the image. The second is that a legal user can retrieve the embedded watermark from the altered image. 2. The RBFNN network is easier to train than the BPN network. The main advantage of the RBFNN over the BPN is the reduced computational cost in the training stage, while maintaining a good performance of approximation. Also less number of weights are required to be stored or less memory requirements for the verification and testing in a later stage

FSM BASED DIGITAL WATERMARKING IN IP SECURITY

IP providers are in pressing need of a convenient means to track the illegal redistribution of the sold IPs. An active approach to protect a VLSI design against IP infringement is by embedding a signature that can only be uniquely generated by the IP author into the design during the process of its creation. a VLSI IP is developed in several levels of design abstraction with the help of many sophisticated electronic design automation tools. Each level of design abstraction involves solving some NP-complete optimization problems to satisfy a set of design constraints. In this paper, a new dynamic watermarking scheme is proposed. The watermark is embedded in the state transitions of FSM at the behavioral level

Robust Watermarking in Multiresolution Walsh-Hadamard Transform

In this paper, a newer version of Walsh-Hadamard Transform namely multiresolution Walsh-Hadamard Transform (MR-WHT) is proposed for images. Further, a robust watermarking scheme is proposed for copyright protection using MRWHT and singular value decomposition. The core idea of the proposed scheme is to decompose an image using MR-WHT and then middle singular values of high frequency sub-band at the coarsest and the finest level are modified with the singular values of the watermark. Finally, a reliable watermark extraction scheme is developed for the extraction of the watermark from the distorted image. The experimental results show better visual imperceptibility and resiliency of the proposed scheme against intentional or un-intentional variety of attacks.Comment: 6 Pages, 16 Figure, 2 Table

Hiding Information- A Survey

Steganography is the science that involves communicating secret data in an appropriate multimedia carrier, e.g., image audio, and video files. It comes under the assumption that if the feature is visible, the point of attack is evident, thus the goal here is always to conceal the very existence of the embedded data. In comparison with Analog media, Digital media offers several distinctadvantages such as high quality, easy editing, high fidelity copying, compression etcIn order to address this Information Security,Steganography plays an important role. Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messagesin such a way that no one apart from the sender and intended recipient even realizes there is a hiddenmessage. This paper is a tutorial review of the steganography techniques appeared in the literature