The hybrid of floating stone column by numerical and physical evaluation

Rapid population growth amplifying demand for accommodation and infrastructure has resulted in soft ground being increasingly used in construction. Problems related to soft ground can be remedied by adopting a ground improvement technique. The stone column is one of the most effective and feasible techniques for soft clay soil improvement. Stone columns increase bearing capacity and reduce the settlement of soil. However, soft ground of more than 40 meters depth makes stone column treatment costlier. The design of floating stone columns within soft ground is sometimes needs to adopt. However, this method is not popular compared to the end bearing stone columns due to low mobilised shear resistance and resulted in higher occurrence of punching failure. This research is aimed for addressing the shortcoming floating stone columns with proposing the hybrid dimension floating stone columns. The hybrid stone column size able to increase the mobilised shear resistance, decrease punching failure, and reduce the volume of aggregates. In the present work, finite element analysis was performed using the program PLAXIS 2D. An elastic-perfectly plastic constitutive soil model relation based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion was utilized to predict the behaviour of soft clay strengthen by stone column. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the hybrid stone column size with the Design-Expert 6.0.4 software. The laboratory physical model tests were performed based on the sizes of optimum hybrid stone column size proposed by RSM. The results revealed that the optimal parameter of the uniform diameter of 44 mm with a length of 100 mm increases its load bearing capacity of 3260.7 N and the lowest settlement was recorded at a diameter of 24.2 mm with a length of 400 mm to achieve 25.8 mm of settlement. Moreover, the hybrid column size i.e. the first stone column diameter of 43 mm and second diameter of 21.2 mm with the same lengths of 200 mm each diameter able to achieve load-bearing capacity of 3350.9 N and settlement of 24.5 mm. Thus, by comparing with the uniform diameter stone column of 44 mm and length of 400 mm, the hybrid column able to increase the load bearing capacity by 3% and decrease the settlement by 5%. In addition, a good agreement was obtained between the numerical and physical models with variation 25%. In addition, the hybrid stone column size is able to reduce the volume of aggregates up to 40%

Muslim charity : a concept of fundamental solidarity

There is no question about charity in Islam: Allah himself has ordered almsgiv-ing: "Narrated Anas bin Malik: … The man further said, 'I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to take zakat from our rich people and distribute it amongst our poor people?' The Prophet replied, 'By Allah, yes'." The fundamental relevance of Islamic charity, zakat and sadaqa3, roots in the Muslim understanding of God. According to the proper message of Mohammed the first and primary name and quality of God is rahman and rahim4. Allah is - so to speak – rahman, the life giving uterus, rahim. Like the uterus he gives life to the men without any pre-condition. Life is a gift free of charge not a reward for something. ..

Messages to European Muslims

I have never felt so shocked nor so ashamed as I felt while listening to the world media about the bloody London Bridge attack claiming to be carried out in the name of Allah. I cannot accept it because this is not my faith. This is not the Allah I believe in. My Allah is not a hater! My Allah is not violent! My faith is not the knife! After the civil attack in London and Manchester, Dr. Mustafa Cerić, Grand Mufti Emeritus of Bosnia-Herzegovina, sent An Appeal to the European Muslims: Let Us Have a Common Word with Our Neighbors. There is no recipe for success, but there is a recipe for failure. The recipe for failure is violence in the name of Allah. My faith is not terror. My Allah is Loving and Merciful! My faith is common sense and a warm word. But how am I going to explain it to my neighbors in Europe? After the Manchester and London attacks, they have no will to listen to me anymore. They don\u27t buy my faith\u27s stories of love; they don\u27t care about my faith\u27s beautiful narratives. They are no longer interested in the stories of my faith. They want to know what I have done to stop the bloody violence in the name of Allah in the streets of Europe. I have done a lot, but it seems it is not enough

Burden of visceral leishmaniasis in villages of eastern gedaref state, Sudan: an exhaustive cross-sectional survey.

Since December 2009, Médecins Sans Frontières has diagnosed and treated patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Tabarak Allah Hospital, eastern Gedaref State, one of the main endemic foci of VL in Sudan. A survey was conducted to estimate the VL incidence in villages around Tabarak Allah

KONSEP PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK PERSFEKTIF HADIS (Telaah Terjemahan Kitab Al-Lu’lu Wal Marjān)

Character degradation has occurred in many places, especially Indonesia. Whereas in Islam, the concept of morality has been formulated mainly on normative sources, especially the hadiths of the Prophet. Many Muslims lack hadith literature, especially for laymen, even though there are so many books of hadith translation and are suitable for reading for laymen. Among the translated books that can be accessed by is the book Al-Lu'lu Wal Marjān which contains all the sahih hadith with matan narrated equally from sahih Bukhari dan Muslim. In addition to being a recommendation related to the source of hadith literacy, this study also aims to explore how the concept of moral education in the form of narration and behavior exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad during his life. Researchers use qualitative research methods, qualitative research is research that raises information descriptively, both in the form of written words, spoken and the behavior of someone being studied. Qualitative is often referred to as research whose conditions are natural, so that the data collected is factual. The results of this study explain that the concept of moral education contained in the hadith that has been studied consists of 4 pillars, namely morals to Allah, the Messenger of Allah, fellow humans and oneself. implementation of morals to Allah by carrying out all commandments and avoiding all moral prohibitions to Allah by worship, to the Messenger of Allah by imitating him, , to one's fellow man by doing good, and to oneself by not burdening difficult things

Ma'rifat Allah menurut Ibn 'Ata' Allah al Sakandari

This dissertation discusses Ma'rifat Allah refers to Ibn 'At a' Allah, from ontological, epistemological, and axiological perspectives. The main issues in this dissertation are: first, the matter of Ma'rifat Allah in spiritual experience perspective (mysticism), reflective-representational perspective (language mysticism), and the perspective of discursive-scientific (meta-mysticism). This issue clarifies the position of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah among the existing Mazhab of Sufism. Secondly, the factors form to a shape the doctrine of Ma'rifat Allah Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. This issue also shows a guidance on the characteristics of the Mazhab Sufism of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. Third, the attitude of Ibn 'At a' Allah towards Mazhab of Sufism based on the doctrine of Ma'rifat Allah as he believed. This study is a library research with a hermeneutic approach. In ontological perspective, both reading and understanding Ma’rifat must be pointed at a level where its Ma’rifat will be read and the intent of what the Ma’rifat be understood. At religious experience level cannot be understood. This level is witnessing the great description of where the mind and utterance as well as the loss of ego. Mystical language level is a self inability saves the taste. Thus, is unwittingly expressed (shatahat). Level meta-mysticism is discursive territory where ah shat a t be analyzed. In the epistemological perspective, Ma'rifat Allah is achieved through two things, al-dhikr (zikr) and al-fikr. In a mystic experience achievement obtains witnessing towards his God through his heart's spot. At a certain stage, the domain of heart-spot causes a nature loses its sight alike by a man-Makrifat. Here, it is also traced the roots of the doctrine s a h ib al-hikam. In the Axiological perspective’s found that Ibn 'Ata 'Allah, sufi publicly accepts the doctrine of Sufism from the various Mazhab (Sufism salafi, Sufism Sunni, and Sufism philosophical. Almost every Mazhab colors the characteristics of Sufism of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. But then, the influence of the domain figures of Sufism is Sunni. Even, he strives to reconcile a polemic that occurred in Mazhab-mazhab of Sufism. This dissertation was rejected several views of scholars who believe that Ibn 'at a' Allah affiliated in Mazhab of al-hulul, al-ittihad, wahdat al-wujud, and wahdat al-shuhud. Because, according to him, the emergence of these madzhab due to the diversity of Ma’rifat Allah’s implications which is achieved by a mystic

Poket Musafir: a guide for smart muslim travelers

Prayer (solat) is one of the five pillars of the Islamic faith and it has been stated in the hadeeth of Jaabir (may Allah be pleased with him) who said; I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say; “Between a man and shirik and kufr there stands his giving up prayer”. In other words, it is prayer that distinguished the believer from the disbeliever. Given the importance for Muslims to perform their five daily prayers even during travel, an android application, Poket Musafir was developed to guide them in performing their obligations. Poket Musafir included in its menu details on rulings regarding Jamak and Qasr (combining and shortening of prayers) during travel, calculation on distance to see whether one is eligible to perform Jamak and Qasr prayers, common Q&A faced by Muslim travellers in performing their prayers. This application also has quizzes, and can be used by school students to help them understand the topic and test their knowledge, on what they have learnt in a more dynamic way instead of static text in the textbook. Poket Musafir was developed using Android Studio, Adobe Photoshop CS6, GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) and Adobe Illustrator

Ma'rifat Allah menurut Ibn 'Ata' Allah al Sakandari

This dissertation discusses Ma'rifat Allah refers to Ibn 'At a' Allah, from ontological, epistemological, and axiological perspectives. The main issues in this dissertation are: first, the matter of Ma'rifat Allah in spiritual experience perspective (mysticism), reflective-representational perspective (language mysticism), and the perspective of discursive-scientific (meta-mysticism). This issue clarifies the position of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah among the existing Mazhab of Sufism. Secondly, the factors form to a shape the doctrine of Ma'rifat Allah Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. This issue also shows a guidance on the characteristics of the Mazhab Sufism of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. Third, the attitude of Ibn 'At a' Allah towards Mazhab of Sufism based on the doctrine of Ma'rifat Allah as he believed. This study is a library research with a hermeneutic approach. In ontological perspective, both reading and understanding Ma’rifat must be pointed at a level where its Ma’rifat will be read and the intent of what the Ma’rifat be understood. At religious experience level cannot be understood. This level is witnessing the great description of where the mind and utterance as well as the loss of ego. Mystical language level is a self inability saves the taste. Thus, is unwittingly expressed (shatahat). Level meta-mysticism is discursive territory where ah shat a t be analyzed. In the epistemological perspective, Ma'rifat Allah is achieved through two things, al-dhikr (zikr) and al-fikr. In a mystic experience achievement obtains witnessing towards his God through his heart's spot. At a certain stage, the domain of heart-spot causes a nature loses its sight alike by a man-Makrifat. Here, it is also traced the roots of the doctrine s a h ib al-hikam. In the Axiological perspective’s found that Ibn 'Ata 'Allah, sufi publicly accepts the doctrine of Sufism from the various Mazhab (Sufism salafi, Sufism Sunni, and Sufism philosophical. Almost every Mazhab colors the characteristics of Sufism of Ibn 'Ata 'Allah. But then, the influence of the domain figures of Sufism is Sunni. Even, he strives to reconcile a polemic that occurred in Mazhab-mazhab of Sufism. This dissertation was rejected several views of scholars who believe that Ibn 'at a' Allah affiliated in Mazhab of al-hulul, al-ittihad, wahdat al-wujud, and wahdat al-shuhud. Because, according to him, the emergence of these madzhab due to the diversity of Ma’rifat Allah’s implications which is achieved by a mystic

Poverty Alleviation on a Sustainable Basis in the Islamic Framework

Allah (SWT) is the sole creator of this vast universe and whatever it contains. He created man as a master piece of His creation and elevated him to be His vicegerent on earth. He made all physical systems and other creations to cater human needs from the time immoral. And those holding political power in Muslim countries under Islamic teachings are required to make necessary arrangements for the satisfaction of his material needs through efficient utilisation of resources and equitable distribution of goods and services and also to fully protect him from all kinds of fear besides the fear of starvation. There is ample evidence in Quran, Sunnah, and practice of Caliphs to provide food as well as social security to each and every individual in an Islamic economy. Pointing to this fact, an Ayah of Quran enjoying upon Quraish to worship Allah because He has protected them both from starvation and fear by granting them food and peace. Similarly a Hadith says that a society where a Muslim has to starve is forsaken by Allah. The first four Caliphs were fully conscious of their obligation towards meeting the needs of poor. Hazrat Umar (RA) declared, “if a camel dies at the bank of Euphrates, I am afraid Allah would make me accountable for it”. The overwhelming stress on satisfaction of basic needs and social security both of current and future generations leaves no justification for the prevalence of widespread poverty in Islamic framework. As a matter of fact, Islam and absolute poverty cannot persist together.