82 research outputs found
Two-Step Active Learning for Instance Segmentation with Uncertainty and Diversity Sampling
Training high-quality instance segmentation models requires an abundance of
labeled images with instance masks and classifications, which is often
expensive to procure. Active learning addresses this challenge by striving for
optimum performance with minimal labeling cost by selecting the most
informative and representative images for labeling. Despite its potential,
active learning has been less explored in instance segmentation compared to
other tasks like image classification, which require less labeling. In this
study, we propose a post-hoc active learning algorithm that integrates
uncertainty-based sampling with diversity-based sampling. Our proposed
algorithm is not only simple and easy to implement, but it also delivers
superior performance on various datasets. Its practical application is
demonstrated on a real-world overhead imagery dataset, where it increases the
labeling efficiency fivefold.Comment: UNCV ICCV 202
Enhancing Text Annotation with Few-shot and Active Learning: A Comprehensive Study and Tool Development
The exponential growth of digital communication channels such as social media and messaging platforms has resulted in an unprecedented influx of unstructured text data, thereby underscoring the need for Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. NLP-based techniques play a pivotal role in the analysis and comprehension of human language, facilitating the processing of unstructured text data, and allowing tasks like sentiment analysis, entity recognition, and text classification. NLP-driven applications are made possible due to the advancements in deep learning models. However, deep learning models require a large amount of labeled data for training, thereby making labeled data an indispensable component of these models. Retrieving labeled data can be a major challenge as the task of annotating large amounts of data is laborious and error-prone. Often, professional experts are hired for task-specific data annotation, which can be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. Moreover, the annotation process can be subjective and lead to inconsistencies, resulting in models that are biased and less accurate.
This thesis presents a comprehensive study of few-shot and active learning strategies, systems that combine the two techniques, and current text annotation tools while proposing a solution that addresses the aforementioned challenges through the integration of these methods. The proposed solution is an efficient text annotation platform that leverages Few-shot and Active Learning techniques. It has the potential to assist the field of text annotation by enabling organizations to process vast amounts of unstructured text data efficiently. Also, this research paves the way for inspiring ideas and promising growth opportunities in the future of this field
Interactions Between Rivals: The Christian Mission and Buddhist Sects in Japan (c.1549-c.1647)
This volume presents comprehensive research on how southern European Catholics and the Japanese confronted each other, interacted and mutually experienced religious otherness in early modern times. In their highly variable and asymmetric relations, during which the politi¬cal-military elites of Japan at times not only favoured, but also opposed and strictly controlled the European presence, missionaries – particularly the Jesuits – tried to negotiate this power balance with their interlocutors. This collection of essays analyses religious and cultural interactions between the Christian missions and the Buddhist sects through processes of coopera¬tion, acceptance, confrontation and rejection, dialogue and imposition, which led to the creation of new relational spaces and identities
Sustainable Integrated Clean Environment for Human & Nature
In this book, the articles published in the special issue of the journal Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050), entitled “Sustainable Integrated Clean Environment for Human & Nature” are re-printed. The objective of this book is to answer the following questions regarding technical, economic, and social approaches:1. What is the current state of the environment? Is it clean?2. How can we make our environment clean and suitable for humans as well as nature?3. How can we keep our environment clean through sustainable practices? The re-printed research articles and review papers aim to cover the subjects mentioned below: 1. COVID-19 and the sustainability of a clean environment for humans and nature: visions, challenges, and solutions2. Clean technologies and nature-based approaches, including environmental remediation and resource circulation3. Global sanitation, hygiene, and public health issues4. Economic approaches, including the development of economic models, life cycle assessment, and the circular economy5. Social awareness and effective education on human rights for procuring clean air and water Through including the latest studies in the above-mentioned fields, this book addresses the technicians, economists, social activists, and decision-makers who are concerned about clean environment concepts for sustainable development of the current and next-generation through respectful interactions between humans and nature
Estatuto do português no mundo atual: reflexões sobre a sua abordagem na formação de futuros profissionais da educação
Uma proficiente comunicação oral e escrita faz parte das competências essenciais a serem desenvolvidas na sociedade do século XXI. Neste contexto, cabe refletir sobre as representações de (futuros) professores acerca da Língua Portuguesa (LP) e da forma como esta é ensinada/aprendida, já que estas terão repercussões nas aprendizagens dos seus (futuros) alunos.
Apresentamos um estudo exploratório tendo por informantes futuros professores em formação, a frequentar o 1.º ano de uma licenciatura em Educação Básica, no ano letivo de 2015/2016. Foram recolhidas as respostas dadas pelos 85 estudantes a um questionário. Recorremos a uma combinação de estatística descritiva (frequências absolutas e relativas) e análise de conteúdo e usámos categorias a posteriori, desenvolvidas em estudos anteriores. Neste artigo, apresentamos os resultados relativos às representações dos estudantes
sobre o estatuto da LP no mundo. A sua interpretação revelou que os nossos inquiridos: apresentavam uma conceção da LP com contornos de natureza afetiva; tinham dificuldade em situá-la entre as línguas mais faladas no mundo e no ciberespaço; estavam muito focados no espaço geográfico nacional; definiam lusofonia maioritariamente em função de critérios geográficos; posicionavam-se relativamente ao Português do Brasil de forma ambivalente, oscilando entre uma espécie de amor (resultante do seu contributo para o conhecimento da língua materna da maioria deles) e de ódio (derivado da perda de “pureza” da LP nesse território outrora
colonizado por Portugal). Face a estes resultados, é importante pensar formas de promover a educação numa
sociedade multicultural e multilingue para uma vivência sociocultural mais consciente, por parte destes futuros profissionais.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Active-Learning-as-a-Service: An Efficient MLOps System for Data-Centric AI
The success of today's AI applications requires not only model training
(Model-centric) but also data engineering (Data-centric). In data-centric AI,
active learning (AL) plays a vital role, but current AL tools can not perform
AL tasks efficiently. To this end, this paper presents an efficient MLOps
system for AL, named ALaaS (Active-Learning-as-a-Service). Specifically, ALaaS
adopts a server-client architecture to support an AL pipeline and implements
stage-level parallelism for high efficiency. Meanwhile, caching and batching
techniques are employed to further accelerate the AL process. In addition to
efficiency, ALaaS ensures accessibility with the help of the design philosophy
of configuration-as-a-service. It also abstracts an AL process to several
components and provides rich APIs for advanced users to extend the system to
new scenarios. Extensive experiments show that ALaaS outperforms all other
baselines in terms of latency and throughput. Further ablation studies
demonstrate the effectiveness of our design as well as ALaaS's ease to use. Our
code is available at \url{https://github.com/MLSysOps/alaas}.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
how public law can face social-ecological uncertainty in cities
As alterações climáticas representam um dos maiores desafios atuais para o Direito do Ambiente. Concomitantemente a esta realidade, o rápido crescimento das cidades, que albergam a maioria da população mundial, tem vindo a resultar na criação de mais desigualdades entre as suas populações. A complexidade dos diferentes sistemas sociais e ecológicos, a crescente instabilidade ambiental e a incerteza climática concorrem para uma necessidade premente em encontrar soluções para um futuro mais resiliente. Perante esta realidade, o Direito Público tem a oportunidade de desempenhar um papel de catalisador para a melhoria da qualidade ambiental e da vida das comunidades urbanas. No entanto, os Direitos Ambientais consagrados na maioria das constituições não se afiguram como suficientes para uma efetiva proteção dos sistemas socio-ecológicos, bem como para a promoção da respetiva resiliência. Deste modo, partindo da complexa realidade das cidades e procurando combater as vulnerabilidades nelas existentes, este estudo pretende sugerir a implementação de novos quadros jurídicos que, através de mecanismos mais adaptáveis de direito, permitam a efetivação de uma justiça para a resiliência socio-ecológica.Climate change is one of the biggest challenges for today’s Environmental Law. With this reality, the rapid growth of cities, where most of the world’s population lives, has resulted in the creation of more inequalities among their populations. The complexity of different social and ecological systems, growing environmental instability, and climate uncertainty urge for a need to find solutions for a more resilient future. Facing this background, Public Law has the opportunity to play a catalyst role in improving the environmental quality and life of urban communities. Nevertheless, environmental rights enshrined in most constitutions do not demonstrate to be sufficient for an effective protection of socio-ecological systems and for the promotion of their resilience. Thus, departing from the complex reality of the cities and intending to address existing vulnerabilities, this study aims to suggest the implementation of new legal frameworks that, through more adaptive mechanisms of law, allow the realisation of justice for socio-ecological resilience
Creating Through Mind and Emotions
The texts presented in Proportion Harmonies and Identities (PHI) Creating Through Mind and Emotions were compiled to establish a multidisciplinary platform for presenting, interacting, and disseminating research. This platform also aims to foster the awareness and discussion on Creating Through Mind and Emotions, focusing on different visions relevant to Architecture, Arts and Humanities, Design and Social Sciences, and its importance and benefits for the sense of identity, both individual and communal. The idea of Creating Through Mind and Emotions has been a powerful motor for development since the Western Early Modern Age. Its theoretical and practical foundations have become the working tools of scientists, philosophers, and artists, who seek strategies and policies to accelerate the development process in different contexts
Bioactive Compounds from Natural Products: Separation, Characterization and Applications
Dear colleagues, This Special Issue aims to publish new and innovative research that could demonstrate the therapeutic potential of natural health products, through relevant in vitro and/or in vivo biological activities, to prevent or alleviate degenerative diseases. The interaction of natural health products with human microbiota represents an essential aspect, because it could modulate the microbial pattern and alleviate more of a chronic disease’s effects in the case of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory colon pathologies. Additionally, you are invited to send research based on the effect of different extracts or functional foods used in degenerative pathologies and interactions with human microbiota. We aim to identify new data on in vitro/in vivo research that could demonstrate the bioavailability of natural compounds and the relationship with antioxidant/antimicrobial capacity. Modulated microbiota aspects are expected to be published based on the interaction with natural compounds, natural sweeteners, or other molecules that influence the colon health status
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