بررسی ويژگی‌های جمعيت‌شناختی بيماران وابسته به مواد افيونی موفق در ترک مراجعه کننده به واحد سرپايی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان

هدف: هدف اين پژوهش بررسی نقش عوامل فردی و اجتماعی در تداوم درمان و اعتياد دوباره بيماران وابسته به مواد افيونی بوده است. روش: در يک بررسی آينده‌نگر 920 بيمار وابسته به مواد افيونی مراجعه کننده به واحد ترک خود معرف دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان که به شيوه نمونه‌گيری تصادفی انتخاب شده بودند مورد ارزيابی و پی‌گيری 6 ماهه قرار گرفتند. گردآوری داده‌ها به کمک يک پرسشنامه جمعيت‌شناختی و اطلاعات انجام گرديد. يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد که 7/28% آزمودنيهای پژوهش موفق به ترک شدند، اما 7/15% اين افراد در مدت کمتر از 6 ماه از زمان ترک دوباره به مصرف مواد روی آوردند و تنها 119 نفر (9/12%) در پی‌گيری 6 ماه پس از ترک پاک مانده بودند. همچنين عواملی همچون سن، داشتن کار، همسر، مسکن شخصي؛ نوع ماده مصرفی، روش مصرف، مقدار مصرف در روز، سن شروع اعتياد، تجربه استفاده از انواع مواد، سابقه تزريق و سابقه ترک، در گروه‌های موفق در ترک، گروه ناموفق و گروه عود تفاوت معنی‌دار نشان داد. نتيجه: تنها بر پايه يک متغير نمی‌توان موفقيت در درمان را پيش‌بينی کرد، بلکه چندين عامل مداخله‌گر پيش‌آگهی درمان را تعيين می‌کنند، که مشخصات فردی و اجتماعی فرد معتاد تنها بخشی از آن عوامل به شمار می‌روند

The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study

Introduction: Restless legs syndrome is a sensory-motor disorder that causes sleep disorder. The syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis associates with depression, sleep deprivation, performance disorder, day fatigue, excessive daytime sleepiness, stress, anxiety, and higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this systematic meta-analysis study was to estimate prevalence of restless legs syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: Twenty-six relevant articles published between 2000 and 2015 indexed in Iranian (MagIran and IranMedex) and international databases (SID, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Pre Quest, and Scopus) were selected. Data analysis was carried out through metaanalysis (random effect model) and heterogeneity of the studies was determined using I2 index. The obtained data were analyzed in STAT (11.2). Results: Prevalence of the syndrome according to the found articles was 50 (95 CI: 38-61) in Iranian and 30 (95 CI: 23-37) in international databases. There was an ascending trend of prevalence of the syndrome corresponding to the publication year of the articles (P= 0.419), while the trend based on age of the patients was descending (P= 0.604). However, the variations were not significant. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence and considerable effects of restless legs syndrome on patients undergoing hemodialysis, it is recommended that these patients be screened for the syndrome

The Acute versus Chronic Pain Questionnaire (ACPQ) and actual pain experience in older people

The Acute versus Chronic Pain Questionnaire (ACPQ) was applied to older people. Two groups emerged from an analysis of which an item of each pair (an acute and a chronic affective item) was considered to cause the most suffering. One group of subjects comprised those who expected to suffer more from one or more acute pain items (high-ACPQ group, n = 35). A second group emerged for whom none of the acute items was considered to be a burden (low-ACPQ group, n = 33). It was hypothesized that, compared to the low-ACPQ group, the subjects with high-ACPQ scores selected acute ACPQ-items due to a decline in the experience of chronic affective pain. This hypothesis predicted lower scores on the chronic ACPQ-items and lower scores on scales evaluating the subjects' own chronic affective pain. The results showed that, irrespective of the group, the chronic ACPQ-items were considered to produce the most burdens. However, compared with the low-ACPQ group, the high-ACPQ group reported experiencing significantly more pain from the acute ACPQ-items. Moreover, the latter group indicated suffering less pain from their own chronic pain conditions. The present findings suggest that the selection of one or more acute items of the ACPQ (high-ACPQ group) may point to an alteration in subjects' actual pain experience

Method for fabricating carbon/lithium-ion electrode for rechargeable lithium cell

The method includes steps for forming a carbon electrode composed of graphitic carbon particles adhered by an ethylene propylene diene monomer binder. An effective binder composition is disclosed for achieving a carbon electrode capable of subsequent intercalation by lithium ions. The method also includes steps for reacting the carbon electrode with lithium ions to incorporate lithium ions into graphitic carbon particles of the electrode. An electrical current is repeatedly applied to the carbon electrode to initially cause a surface reaction between the lithium ions and to the carbon and subsequently cause intercalation of the lithium ions into crystalline layers of the graphitic carbon particles. With repeated application of the electrical current, intercalation is achieved to near a theoretical maximum. Two differing multi-stage intercalation processes are disclosed. In the first, a fixed current is reapplied. In the second, a high current is initially applied, followed by a single subsequent lower current stage. Resulting carbon/lithium-ion electrodes are well suited for use as an anode in a reversible, ambient temperature, lithium cell

Pengaruh Kecanduan Game Online Terhadap Interaksi Sosial Remaja SMA/SMK Karang Taruna Tunas Bangsa Kauman Kidul Salatiga

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikansi pengaruh kecanduan game online terhadap interaksi sosial remaja SMA/SMK Karang Taruna Tunas Bangsa RW 07 Kauman Kidul Salatiga. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah causal comparative untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas (X) kecanduan game online terhadap variabel terikat (Y) interaksi sosial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja SMA/SMK anggota Karang Taruna Tunas Bangsa sebanyak 46 orang, untuk sampelnya diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala sikap dan data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan teknik regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan program IBM Statistics SPSS 25.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan antara kecanduan game online terhadap interaksi sosial remaja SMA/SMK Karang Taruna Tunas Bangsa RW.07 Kauman Kidul Salatiga. Hasil tersebut dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (24,893 > 4,085) dan juga nilai t hitung sebesar -4,989 (> 2,015), serta nilai signifikansi (p) yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 0,000 < 0,05

The impact of information technology on high-skilled labour in services: evidence from firm level panel data

This paper analyses the link between the high-skilled employment share and the level of investment in information technology (IT) in the service production process. The analysis is based on an unbalanced panel data set for 933 West German firms over the period 1994-1996. To account for firms which do not employ high-skilled labor, proxied by university graduates, fixed and random effects Tobit models are applied. We investigate whether the importance of IT varies across subsectors by allowing coefficients to differ across the main service sector industries. The empirical evidence indicates that firms with a higher IT investment to output ratio employ a larger fraction of high-skilled workers. However, the size of the IT effect on skill intensity is rather small

The Impact of Information Technology on High-Skilled Labor in Services: Evidence from Firm-Level Panel Data

This paper analyses the link between the high-skilled employment share and the level of investment in information technology (IT) in the service production process. The analysis is based on an unbalanced panel data set for 933 West German firms over the period 1994-1996. To account for firms which do not employ high-skilled labor, proxied by university graduates, fixed and random effects Tobit models are applied. We investigate whether the importance of IT varies across subsectors by allowing coefficients to differ across the main service sector industries. The empirical evidence indicates that firms with a higher IT investment to output ratio employ a larger fraction of high-skilled workers. However, the size of the IT effect on skill intensity is rather small

Efektifitas Konseling Behavioral Dengan Menggunakan Teknik Modeling Untuk Mengurangi Perilaku Kecanduan Game Online (Studi Pada Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPS 2 SMA NegerI 1 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman)

The background of this research is that in this school there are still students who have online game addiction behavior. The purpose of this research is to describe; 1). Prior to being given behavioral counseling services using modeling techniques. 2). After that, behavioral counseling services were given using modeling techniques. 3). The effectiveness of behavioral counseling using modeling techniques to overcome online game addiction in students. The research was conducted using a descriptive quantitative experimental method. The population of this research is 6 students. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, namely 2 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire. As for data analysis using the Paired Sample T test. Based on the results of research on: The effectiveness of behavioral counseling using modeling techniques to reduce online game addiction. 1). Previously given behavioral counseling services using modeling techniques were in the high and medium categories. 2). after being given behavioral counseling services using modeling techniques are in the very low and low categories. 3). The effectiveness of behavioral counseling services using modeling techniques to reduce online game addiction behavior in students is effective because there is a significant change between pretest and posttest. This research is recommended for counseling teachers who are expected to be able to provide language counseling services by using modeling techniques and utilizing existing facilities and infrastructure in schools

Letter to the editor: The impact of targeted rheumatoid arthritis pharmacologic treatment on mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis: Reply

We thank Dr Zembrzuska for her letter relating to our systematic review and network meta‐analysis describing the impact of targeted pharmacological treatments on mental health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. She highlights clearly the disparity in approach towards managing physical versus mental comorbidities in rheumatological practice. Approximately one in four people with RA will also have symptoms of depression [2] and there has been extensive recent research conducted by us here at King's College London, and by colleagues worldwide emphasising the impact common mental disorders such as symptoms of depression and anxiety may have on long‐term physical health outcomes and treatment response in RA [3‐6]