Roles of Emotion in Negotiation Process: an Application of Drama Theory in Citarum Riverbasin Problem

Citarum was a clean river which local people enjoyed fishing and recreation, however now its condition has already changed totally. Currently, the river can not provide its social services, such as clean water, electricity, fishing, tourisms, transportation, and public recreation. In rainy season, the color of river is brown because it contains mud from bald lands erosion along the river. In dry season, the color of river has changed to black and full of household wastes. In spite of many seminars were held, classical problems always arise. There are floods in rainy season but changes drastically to drought in dry season. There are some factors which cause the problem, i.e. illegal lodging and the population exploading in upper stream, population from industries in down stream, etc. this paper tries to see the Citarum problem from a different point of view, and starts from the belief that if stakeholders (or agents) in the Citarum problem collaborate to solve the problem, then Citarum river will be better and better. This paper analyzes negotiation process among the agents, and tries to describe how the negotiation process can end with collaboration. In the first step, drama theory framework is applied to model the negotiation process. Then, we simulate model by using SOARS (Spot Oriented Agent Role Similator). Finally, simulation results show that emotion of agents has important role to encourage collaboration; that is, the more the agents who have positive emotion (or tend to compromise), the less the number of impediments (or dilemma) to achieve collaboration

Strengthening Collaboration through Perception Alignment: Hybrid Workplace Leadership Impact on Member Awareness, Understanding, and Learning Agility

The recent development of cross-functional project initiatives and implementation of remote technology applications is changing the leader and team member working environment that influences their interaction and collaboration with other teams/customers/stakeholders/ providers/any related parties to compete in the rising digitalization and VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) situation. This research wants to dissect how the influence of hybrid workplace leadership capabilities on the awareness, understanding, and learning agility of cross-functional project team members to foster team perception alignment and achieve strengthened collaboration. Researcher dissects individual team members' mental processes (awareness of the intended purpose, understanding of self-others, and learning agility) that connect leadership capability and team perception alignment to enhance collaboration during hybrid workplace implementation. This study is a quantitative research methodology, collecting data through a questionnaire survey and then analyzing data from 99 respondents using Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Model (PLS-SEM). Based on the result of this study, hybrid workplace leadership impacts the awareness of purpose. Then awareness affects the understanding of self and others, and both affect the learning agility of each team member, which influences the alignment of perceptions in the work team. This alignment of perceptions contributes to the collaboration process with other teams/organizations

A Temporal Framework for Hypergame Analysis of Cyber Physical Systems in Contested Environments

Game theory is used to model conflicts between one or more players over resources. It offers players a way to reason, allowing rationale for selecting strategies that avoid the worst outcome. Game theory lacks the ability to incorporate advantages one player may have over another player. A meta-game, known as a hypergame, occurs when one player does not know or fully understand all the strategies of a game. Hypergame theory builds upon the utility of game theory by allowing a player to outmaneuver an opponent, thus obtaining a more preferred outcome with higher utility. Recent work in hypergame theory has focused on normal form static games that lack the ability to encode several realistic strategies. One example of this is when a player’s available actions in the future is dependent on his selection in the past. This work presents a temporal framework for hypergame models. This framework is the first application of temporal logic to hypergames and provides a more flexible modeling for domain experts. With this new framework for hypergames, the concepts of trust, distrust, mistrust, and deception are formalized. While past literature references deception in hypergame research, this work is the first to formalize the definition for hypergames. As a demonstration of the new temporal framework for hypergames, it is applied to classical game theoretical examples, as well as a complex supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) network temporal hypergame. The SCADA network is an example includes actions that have a temporal dependency, where a choice in the first round affects what decisions can be made in the later round of the game. The demonstration results show that the framework is a realistic and flexible modeling method for a variety of applications