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    A tribute to Elizaveta Ubryatova: professional life and personal destiny

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    The article was submitted on 10.06.2015. Translated by Dr. Lilia Gorelova.In Russia, the name of prominent turkologist Elizaveta Ivanovna Ubryatova, at present is known mostly to specialists who study the languages spoken by the Northern peoples of the country. However, the essence of scientific research of a linguist of such a calibre includes naturally attentive and concerned attitude to the fate of the peoples residing in the North of Russia, which was especially important in the conditions of the Soviet era. Survival of the Northern peoples and their languages became for Ubryatova not only a scientific problem but also a mission of vital importance. Ubryatova’s scientific interests were not restricted to linguistic problems, she also purposefully studied the important monuments of folk literature and ethnography of indigenous peoples. This was due to her scientific breadth, social responsibility, and commitment to a supreme mastery of the research object. That is why she became the founder of the original linguistic and cultural school in the study of the history and structures of languages spoken by peoples living in the North of Russia. The scale of her bright personality, combined with her intelligence, patience, and feminine care about colleagues and students, made her a center of attraction for researchers in this field. She launched an extensive project of publishing works devoted to folklore of the peoples who inhabited the Northern territories of Russia, and whose traditional culture became a part of the world culture as a result. The languages of the Dolgans and Yakuts became the main topics of her research. In this article, we outline the major ideas proposed by Ubryatova in her works, viz., those concerning the origin of the Turkic languages, Dolgan and Yakut in particular, and principles of the organization of the Yakut syntax. In her works, devoted to syntactic problems, Ubryatova determined the fundamental characteristic features of systemic organization of Turkic languages, Yakut in particular, as the ability of these languages to link language units of different levels between each other by using the same grammatical means. In Turkic languages, almost all syntactic relations between clauses can be expressed grammatically, and this linguistic phenomenon entails the existence of a diverse and advanced system of non-finite verbal forms. These important findings can be successfully generalised to embrace all Altaic languages. Addressing a linguistic problem, Ubryatova combined her deep intuition with intensive field work and systematic theoretic investigation. Monographs and textbooks written by Ubryatova belong to the gold reserve of Turkology and cultural linguistics.Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ российских лингвистов имя Π•Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π˜Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ Убрятовой извСстно прСимущСствСнно спСциалистам, ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ языки Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°. Однако ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… изысканий лингвистов этого профиля Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»Π° Π² сСбя Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΠ±Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π° Π² условиях совСтского Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для Убрятовой Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ. Π•Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π° Ивановна, ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ отчасти случайно пСрСсСкся с исслСдованиСм Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ языка, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ памятников Ρ„ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ словСсности ΠΈ этнографии, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΡŽΠ΄ΡŒ Π½Π΅ случайно, Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ добросовСстности ΠΈ стрСмлСния ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ знанию ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° исслСдования становится основатСлСм ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ направлСния Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ истории ΠΈ структуры языков Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° сСвСрС России. ΠœΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π± личности, яркая ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² сочСтании с настоящСй ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ТСнской Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… сотрудниках ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ… сдСлали Π΅Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ притяТСния, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρƒ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вСличСствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ издания Ρ„ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡ€Π° Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π³Π΄Π΅ самобытная ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° этой Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ стала Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. Π“Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΅ исслСдовании стали Ρ‚ΡŽΡ€ΠΊΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ языки - долганский ΠΈ якутский. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прописаны основныС тСзисы Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ Убрятовой ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΡΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΡŽΡ€ΠΊΡΠΊΠΈΡ… языков» ΠΈ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ синтаксиса якутского языка». Π’ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ синтаксису Π•Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π° Убрятова опрСдСляСт ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ систСмной ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΡŽΡ€ΠΊΡΠΊΠΈΡ… языков, ΠΈ якутского Π² частности, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ† Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уровня ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅ срСдств. ИдСя Убрятовой ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ всС синтаксичСскиС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ грамматичСскиС выраТСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ опрСдСляСт систСму Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, оказалась ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚ΡŽΡ€ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ Π΅Π΅ лингвистичСских изысканиях тонкая интуиция ΡΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ систСмными исслСдованиями ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ вопроса. НаучныС сочинСния Убрятовой ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄ Ρ‚ΡŽΡ€ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ
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