Design and realization of a smart battery management system

Battery management system (BMS) emerges a decisive system component in battery-powered applications, such as (hybrid) electric vehicles and portable devices. However, due to the inaccurate parameter estimation of aged battery cells and multi-cell batteries, current BMSs cannot control batteries optimally, and therefore affect the usability of products. In this paper, we proposed a smart management system for multi-cell batteries, and discussed the development of our research study in three directions: i) improving the effectiveness of battery monitoring and current sensing, ii) modeling the battery aging process, and iii) designing a self-healing circuit system to compensate performance variations due to aging and other variations.published_or_final_versio

Evaluation of lightweight battery management system with field test of electric bus in campus transit system

A battery management system is a crucial part of a battery-powered electric vehicle, which functions as a monitoring system, state estimation, and protection for the vehicle. Among these functions, the state estimation, i.e., state of charge and remaining battery life estimation, is widely researched in order to find an accuracy estimation methodology. Most of the recent researches are based on the study of the battery cell level and the complex algorithm. In practice, there is a statement that the method should be simple and robust. Therefore, this research work is focused on the study of lightweight methodology for state estimation based on the battery pack. The discrete Coulomb counting method and the data-driven approach, based on the Palmgren-Miner method, are proposed for the estimation of the state of charge and remaining battery life, respectively. The proposed methods are evaluated through a battery-powered electric bus under real scenario-based circumstances in the campus transit system. In addition, the battery life-cycle cost analysis is also investigated. The tested bus has currently been in operation in the transit system for more than one year

A stochastic optimal control solution to the energy management of a microgrid with storage and renewables

The presence of renewable energy generators in a microgrid calls for the usage of storage units so as to smooth the variability in energy production. This work addresses the optimal management of a battery in a microgrid including a wind turbine facility. A Markov chain model is employed to predict the wind power production and the optimal management of the energy storage element is formulated as a stochastic optimal control problem. An approximate dynamic programming approach resting on system abstraction is then proposed for control policy design. Some numerical examples show the effectiveness of the approach

Emerging Energy Storage Solutions for Transportation Electrification – A Review

Energy storages have caught the attention of transportation community for the past several years. Recent developments in hybrid and plug-in electric vehicles together with novel concepts in transportation such as electric highways are the reasons for raising the role of energy storages in transportation to such a significant level. Performance demands for energy storage solutions vary significantly from one transportation application to the other, making it difficult for the scientific community to converge to a single energy storage solution that caters all. This paper reviews the key performance demands of the major transportation applications. It also investigates the characteristics of emerging energy storage solutions and assess their suitability for those reviewed transportation applications

Design and performance analysis of electric Tuk-Tuk charging stations powered with renewable energies in South Africa

ThesisThe success of renewable powered electric vehicle charging stations in isolated areas depends highly on the availability and sustainability of renewable resources all year round at selected locations. A hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is a viable option for isolated standalone off-grid areas. The HRES should be incorporated with an energy storage system (ESS), which will be utilised as a storage unit when the generated energy at the station exceeds the load requirements. The ESS will also serve as a backup energy supply system, when the HRES is unable to meet the load requirements. Research has indicated that the most reliable, efficient and flexible energy storage system for HRES is rechargeable batteries. However, frequent discharge cycling utilisation of battery banks imposes a penalty on the battery life span. The rate of discharging and charging the battery bank will either increase/decrease the maintenance and replacement cost. This study will have two major purposes: (1) will be to investigate the possible charging strategies that could be implemented to find the best possible configuration of an electric Tuk-Tuk charging station in the rural areas, and isolated islands of South Africa. The charging station will be designed, modelled and simulated to evaluate its performance. The techno-economic analysis of different feasible supply configurations of the charging station using renewable energies will be simulated using HOMER energy software, and the results will be compared in order to select the most viable charging strategies in terms of the cost of energy (COE) produced. (2) Will be to investigate the possibilities of controlling and optimising the daily operation of a standalone hybrid renewable energy system by maximising the usage of the renewable resources whilst minimising the utilisation of the battery bank for supplying the required energy at an electric Tuk-Tuk charging station without any load rejection. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed control strategy will be performed and simulated using fmincon in a MATLAB environment. The results for different scenarios will be presented and analysed for different potential sites in the rural parts of South Africa where the charging stations could be sited

Estimación de la vida útil de baterías en sistemas fotovoltaicos. Influencia de la gestión energética del sistema

El trabajo trata sobre la energía solar fotovoltaica, centrándose especialmente en las baterías de acumulación. Primero se explica el funcionamiento de un sistema fotovoltaico y se numeran sus partes constructivas. Se hace énfasis en la baterías del sistema. Se analizan sus características y propiedades. Se escribe acerca del término de vida útil de las baterías y se explican diferentes métodos para su cálculo. Por último, se analiza un caso concreto de un sistema híbrido en la ciudad de Zaragoza. Se tienen en cuenta diferentes técnicas de gestión de la energía y se desarrollan las conclusiones obtenidas