Water quality indicator interval prediction in wastewater treatment process based on the improved BES-LSSVM algorithm

This paper proposes a novel interval prediction method for effluent water quality indicators (including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N)), which are key performance indices in the water quality monitoring and control of a wastewater treatment plant. Firstly, the effluent data regarding BOD/NH3-N and their necessary auxiliary variables are collected. After some basic data pre-processing techniques, the key indicators with high correlation degrees of BOD and NH3-N are analyzed and selected based on a gray correlation analysis algorithm. Next, an improved IBES-LSSVM algorithm is designed to predict the BOD/NH3-N effluent data of a wastewater treatment plant. This algorithm relies on an improved bald eagle search (IBES) optimization algorithm that is used to find the optimal parameters of least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). Then, an interval estimation method is used to analyze the uncertainty of the optimized LSSVM model. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can obtain high prediction accuracy, with reduced computational time and an easy calculation process, in predicting effluent water quality parameters compared with other existing algorithms.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN FILTER YANG BERBEDA PADA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vaname) DENGAN SISTEM RESIRKULASI

Masalah yang sering muncul pada budidaya, salah satunya yaitu menurunya kualitas air yang berdampak pada penurunan hasil produksi. Selain itu, sisa pakan yang tidak dimakan akan membuat kualitas air selama pemeliharaan akan semakin buruk hal ini meningkatkan amonia bersifat toksik. Sehingga perlu dikembangkan sistem budidaya yang efektif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan sistem resirkulasi dengan menggunakan filter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kombinasi filter yang tepat untuk menjaga kualitas air dengan menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yakni dengan penggunaan sistem resirkulasi. Pada perlakuan P1 tanpa filter, P2 bioball, pasir, arang, P3 zeolit, pasir, arang dan P4 kerikil, pasir, arang. Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi pada perlakuan P2 mencapai 78,66% dan perlakuan P1 terendah yaitu 43,33%. Laju pertumbuhan P2 memberikan laju pertumbuhan harian terbaik dari perlakuan lainya yaitu 0,2117 g. Pada bobot mutlak P2 mendapatkan berat tertinggi yaitu 6,35 g dan memiliki kadar amonia terendah yaitu 0,10 mg/L.Masalah yang sering muncul pada budidaya, salah satunya yaitu menurunya kualitas air yang berdampak pada penurunan hasil produksi. Selain itu, sisa pakan yang tidak dimakan akan membuat kualitas air selama pemeliharaan akan semakin buruk hal ini meningkatkan amonia bersifat toksik. Sehingga perlu dikembangkan sistem budidaya yang efektif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan sistem resirkulasi dengan menggunakan filter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kombinasi filter yang tepat untuk menjaga kualitas air dengan menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yakni dengan penggunaan sistem resirkulasi. Pada perlakuan P1 tanpa filter, P2 bioball, pasir, arang, P3 zeolit, pasir, arang dan P4 kerikil, pasir, arang. Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi pada perlakuan P2 mencapai 78,66% dan perlakuan P1 terendah yaitu 43,33%. Laju pertumbuhan P2 memberikan laju pertumbuhan harian terbaik dari perlakuan lainya yaitu 0,2117 g. Pada bobot mutlak P2 mendapatkan berat tertinggi yaitu 6,35 g dan memiliki kadar amonia terendah yaitu 0,10 mg/L

Design and modelling of pollutant removal in stormwater constructed wetlands

Growth in urban population, urbanisation and economic development have increased the demand for water, especially in water-scarce regions. Stormwater treatment has the potential to reduce water demand. Furthermore, the use of constructed wetlands (CWs) in the treatment of stormwater also has the benefit that CWs can lower peak flow discharges and hence lessen floods; as well as improve the aesthetics of urban landscapes. In this research study, 8 pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) were configured to examine the influence of design and operational variables on the performance of tidal-flow VFCWs. The rationale of the research was that tidal-flow operational strategy draws atmospheric oxygen in the VFCWs, thereby increasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the wetland system. Moreover, a combination of dissolved oxygen and a fixed retention time of 24 hours enhances the removal of nutrients N and P. Therefore; the research was conducted in two major parts. The first part consisted of outdoor and laboratory experiments, which were carried out over a continuous period of 2 years at Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University. The physical models of the VFCWs were configured from a series of media compositions and were fed with loads of influent stormwater to simulate various storm events over different catchment sizes. The performance of the VFCWs regarding total suspended solids, nutrients (N and P), and heavy metals were monitored during the experimental period. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The second part of the study involved exploring the experimental data to develop artificial neural network models (ANNs) to predict pollutant removal in the VFCWs, an essential aspect of the design process. Accordingly, the outputs from the research show that the different designs of VFCWs significantly reduce priority pollutants in stormwater; and that pollutant removal is related to the design and operational variables. Additionally, exploratory data analysis by principal components analysis (PCA) is relatively effective at reducing the dimensionality of input variables. Subsequently, the ANN models developed produced satisfactorily accurate generalisations of TN and TP removal, as measured by the different statistical indices. Generally, the good agreement between the predicted and experimental data suggests that ANNs can adequately predict TN and TP removal up to 4 months in advance. Furthermore, the ANNs had fewer inputs, indicating that monitoring costs and time can be reduced

Recent Development of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Abstract: The use of renewable energies continues to increase. However, the energy obtained from renewable resources is variable over time. The amount of energy produced from the renewable energy sources (RES) over time depends on the meteorological conditions of the region chosen, the season, the relief, etc. So, variable power and nonguaranteed energy produced by renewable sources implies intermittence of the grid. The key lies in supply sources integrated to a hybrid system (HS)

Cuban energy system development – Technological challenges and possibilities

This eBook is a unique scientific journey to the changing frontiers of energy transition in Cuba focusing on technological challenges of the Cuban energy transition. The focus of this milestone publication is on technological aspects of energy transition in Cuba. Green energy transition with renewable energy sources requires the ability to identify opportunities across industries and services and apply the right technologies and tools to achieve more sustainable energy production systems. The eBook is covering a large diversity of Caribbean country´s experiences of new green technological solutions and applications. It includes various technology assessments of energy systems and technological foresight analyses with a special focus on Cuba

Proceedings of the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008

This volume contains full papers presented at the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008, held in Braga, Portugal, between September 4th and 6th, 2008.FC