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Solicitors' CPD: time to change from regulatory stick to regulatory carrot?
Summary: The legal professions are agreed on the need for some form of continuing professional development (“CPD”) after qualification. What is less clear is the intention of such frameworks and in contrast to other forms of more diffuse learning in the workplace. I will explore two areas of tension in the current solicitors‟ CPD system which will bear attention before any of these three related objectives can be achieved: Between a didactic form of delivery focussing on technical updating of knowledge of law and procedure and more “difficult” participative CPD activity; Between accountability, regulation and personal development as drivers behind the CPD scheme dear to different stakeholders. The paper will conclude that, whilst the paradigm shift apparent in the regulators and the professional body is to be welcomed, a change of culture in the profession as a whole is required. This requires CPD, in partnership with other forms of learning, to be viewed in terms of outputs and benefits: the carrots of the title. It is not only a negligence-avoiding maintenance of a static level of competence but a mechanism to address the change which will inevitably result from the full implementation of the Legal Services Act 2007
Functional Generative Design: An Evolutionary Approach to 3D-Printing
Consumer-grade printers are widely available, but their ability to print
complex objects is limited. Therefore, new designs need to be discovered that
serve the same function, but are printable. A representative such problem is to
produce a working, reliable mechanical spring. The proposed methodology for
discovering solutions to this problem consists of three components: First, an
effective search space is learned through a variational autoencoder (VAE);
second, a surrogate model for functional designs is built; and third, a genetic
algorithm is used to simultaneously update the hyperparameters of the surrogate
and to optimize the designs using the updated surrogate. Using a car-launcher
mechanism as a test domain, spring designs were 3D-printed and evaluated to
update the surrogate model. Two experiments were then performed: First, the
initial set of designs for the surrogate-based optimizer was selected randomly
from the training set that was used for training the VAE model, which resulted
in an exploitative search behavior. On the other hand, in the second
experiment, the initial set was composed of more uniformly selected designs
from the same training set and a more explorative search behavior was observed.
Both of the experiments showed that the methodology generates interesting,
successful, and reliable spring geometries robust to the noise inherent in the
3D printing process. The methodology can be generalized to other functional
design problems, thus making consumer-grade 3D printing more versatile.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figures, GECCO'1
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