Fingerprint Recognition with Identical Twin Fingerprints

Fingerprint recognition with identical twins is a challenging task due to the closest genetics-based relationship existing in the identical twins. Several pioneers have analyzed the similarity between twins' fingerprints. In this work we continue to investigate the topic of the similarity of identical twin fingerprints. Our study was tested based on a large identical twin fingerprint database that contains 83 twin pairs, 4 fingers per individual and six impressions per finger: 3984 (83*2*4*6) images. Compared to the previous work, our contributions are summarized as follows: (1) Two state-of-the-art fingerprint identification methods: P071 and VeriFinger 6.1 were used, rather than one fingerprint identification method in previous studies. (2) Six impressions per finger were captured, rather than just one impression, which makes the genuine distribution of matching scores more realistic. (3) A larger sample (83 pairs) was collected. (4) A novel statistical analysis, which aims at showing the probability distribution of the fingerprint types for the corresponding fingers of identical twins which have same fingerprint type, has been conducted. (5) A novel analysis, which aims at showing which finger from identical twins has higher probability of having same fingerprint type, has been conducted. Our results showed that: (a) A state-of-the-art automatic fingerprint verification system can distinguish identical twins without drastic degradation in performance. (b) The chance that the fingerprints have the same type from identical twins is 0.7440, comparing to 0.3215 from non-identical twins. (c) For the corresponding fingers of identical twins which have same fingerprint type, the probability distribution of five major fingerprint types is similar to the probability distribution for all the fingers' fingerprint type. (d) For each of four fingers of identical twins, the probability of having same fingerprint type is similar

Individuals lacking ridge detail: a case study in adermatoglyphia

Adermatoglyphia is a very rare autosomal‐dominant condition that is genetically inherited and causes an individual to be born without conventional ridge detail on either their palmar or plantar surfaces (the fingers and palms of the hands and the toes and the soles of the feet). While adermatoglyphia has been the focus of medical and genetic research, no previous research has been conducted with regard to the forensic recovery and identification of marks from an adermatoglyphic individual. By observation of ridge detail donated by an adermatoglyphic subject, the study uses different methods in order to capture fingermarks (methods include: inked capture, livescan (biometric) capture, cyanoacrylate fuming, ninhydrin enhancement, and physical developer). Unusually, the purpose of this paper ends up presenting a number of examples of an absence of evidence; unsuccessful attempts made to capture and enhance fingerprint ridge detail. This is determined over a range of standard means including "live" donations by the adermatoglyphic subject onto the Livescan system, and enhancements of latent donations. The subject shows to leave either insubstantial fingermarks with no detail, or no mark whatsoeve

Caracterização papiloscópica em fêmeas de Chlorocebus aethiops: novo modelo de Identificação.

CAPESA identificação de qualquer animal, mantido legalmente em criadouros, tem uma relevante importância técnica ecológica, e é regida no Brasil, por algumas Instruções Normativas do IBAMA. Para primatas não humanos, segundo esta lei, cada espécime deve ser identificado individualmente, de forma artificial, seja com tatuagens, brincos, ou sistema eletrônico. Entretanto, as marcações naturais podem ser uma grande ferramenta para criação de banco de dados virtuais. Nesse contexto, frente a sua proximidade filogenética com o homem, o Chlorocebus aethiops, assim como os humanos, apresentam datilograma passível de coleta e determinação de padrão papilar, indicando possível método de identificação personalíssima. Organizando o estudo datiloscópico dentro dos três níveis do método ACEV (análise, comparação, avaliação e verificação). Apesar da literatura escassa nesse aspecto, nossos achados, em fêmeas desta espécie, ao nível I (padrão papilar), revelaram que as falanges distais de fêmeas de C. aethiops não apresentam figuras características, porém, as superfícies palmares e plantares formam tais configurações de modo a caracterizarmos estes padrões. Ao nível II (minúcias), foi possível analisar a presença de minúcias, variadas em 14 tipos e confrontadas negativamente, confirmando a eficácia desta individualização, e o nível III, seriam realizados estudos poroscópicos, porém não foi realizado neste trabalho. Os resultados nos mostram que a identificação datiloscópica poderá ser utilizada para determinar a individualidade, utilizandose a caracterização do padrão de figuras, e a marcação dos pontos característicos, porém, mais estudos são necessários visando aprimoramento e aperfeiçoamento desta técnica.The identification of any animal, kept legally in breeders, has an ecological and technical importance and is governed in Brazil by some Normative Instructions from IBAMA. For nonhuman primates, under this law, each specimen must be artificially identified, with tattoos, e arrings or an electronic system. However, natural tags can be a great tool for creating virtual databases. In this context, in view of their phylogenetic proximity to man, the Chlorocebus aethiops, such as humans, the display a collectable datilogram to the determination of papillary pattern, indicating a possible and personal identification method. Organization of datiloscopic study within the three levels of the ACEV method (Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation and Verification). Despite the scarce literature in this regard, our findings, in the females of this species, at level I (papillary pattern), revealed as distal phalanges of C. aethiops do not show characteristic figures, however, the palmar and plantar surface form such configurations in order to characterize these patterns. Level II (minutiae), it was possible to analyze the presence of minuntiae, varied in 14 types and negatively confronted, confirming the efficiency of this individualization. The level III is for poroscopic studies that is not made in this research. The results show that data identification can be used to determine individuality using pattern characterizations, and by marking feature points, but, new and advanced studies for enhancement and refinement of this technique are necessary

Recovery of fingermarks from surfaces previously considered to be problematic within practice

Fingerprints are an important type of evidence within the criminal justice system, and these have been used for multiple purposes since the 19th century. Within forensic investigation these are primarily used for identification and/or elimination purposes. Numerous methods and techniques, including physical and chemical procedures, are used to enhance and recover fingermarks from surfaces. However, there are continuing surface and exhibit types which are considered to be problematic to develop and recover within practice. The purpose of this research was to overcome some of these issues focusing specifically on fingerprints in/on anti-climb paint, leaves, and feathers. The effectiveness of cyanoacrylate ester fuming (CEF) was implemented for all exhibit types, with the addition of physical developer (magnetic powder) on leaves and feathers (chapter 4). The adhesion of the physical developer was consistent throughout feathers, and green leaves, but varying results were obtained from brown leaves. The overall recovery types chosen were lifting (J-lar tape lift and gel lift), and casting (Provil and resin), with varying results being obtained both in terms of ridge detail recovered, as well as damage caused to the exhibit. CEF development on anti-climb paint produced robust fingermarks and was therefore suitable for casting, due to the presence of three-dimensional features (chapter 3). Casting methods captured a good level of ridge detail, with a small number of limitations, primarily caused by the quality of the original fingerprint deposit. Recovery techniques proposed within this work allow for preservation of ridge detail on a surface previously considered difficult in practice

Fundamental Studies into the Chemical and Physical Properties of Latent Fingermarks

This thesis describes physical and chemical investigations performed on latent fingermarks deposited on non-porous surfaces in order to provide the necessary fundamental underpinnings for future fingermark research. Variation of the physical properties over time was investigated using a novel imaging mode of atomic force microscopy. Spatial distribution of fingermark components was investigated using high-resolution vibrational microspectroscopy techniques. Time-course transformation of squalene in fingermarks stored under different storage conditions was examined using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry