1,215 research outputs found
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) in the Semantic Web: A Multi-Dimensional Review
Since the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) specification and its
SKOS eXtension for Labels (SKOS-XL) became formal W3C recommendations in 2009 a
significant number of conventional knowledge organization systems (KOS)
(including thesauri, classification schemes, name authorities, and lists of
codes and terms, produced before the arrival of the ontology-wave) have made
their journeys to join the Semantic Web mainstream. This paper uses "LOD KOS"
as an umbrella term to refer to all of the value vocabularies and lightweight
ontologies within the Semantic Web framework. The paper provides an overview of
what the LOD KOS movement has brought to various communities and users. These
are not limited to the colonies of the value vocabulary constructors and
providers, nor the catalogers and indexers who have a long history of applying
the vocabularies to their products. The LOD dataset producers and LOD service
providers, the information architects and interface designers, and researchers
in sciences and humanities, are also direct beneficiaries of LOD KOS. The paper
examines a set of the collected cases (experimental or in real applications)
and aims to find the usages of LOD KOS in order to share the practices and
ideas among communities and users. Through the viewpoints of a number of
different user groups, the functions of LOD KOS are examined from multiple
dimensions. This paper focuses on the LOD dataset producers, vocabulary
producers, and researchers (as end-users of KOS).Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, accepted paper in International Journal on
Digital Librarie
empathi: An ontology for Emergency Managing and Planning about Hazard Crisis
In the domain of emergency management during hazard crises, having sufficient
situational awareness information is critical. It requires capturing and
integrating information from sources such as satellite images, local sensors
and social media content generated by local people. A bold obstacle to
capturing, representing and integrating such heterogeneous and diverse
information is lack of a proper ontology which properly conceptualizes this
domain, aggregates and unifies datasets. Thus, in this paper, we introduce
empathi ontology which conceptualizes the core concepts concerning with the
domain of emergency managing and planning of hazard crises. Although empathi
has a coarse-grained view, it considers the necessary concepts and relations
being essential in this domain. This ontology is available at
https://w3id.org/empathi/
Terminology server for improved resource discovery: analysis of model and functions
This paper considers the potential to improve distributed information retrieval via a terminologies server. The restriction upon effective resource discovery caused by the use of disparate terminologies across services and collections is outlined, before considering a DDC spine based approach involving inter-scheme mapping as a possible solution. The developing HILT model is discussed alongside other existing models and alternative approaches to solving the terminologies problem. Results from the current HILT pilot are presented to illustrate functionality and suggestions are made for further research and development
Cross-concordances: terminology mapping and its effectiveness for information retrieval
The German Federal Ministry for Education and Research funded a major
terminology mapping initiative, which found its conclusion in 2007. The task of
this terminology mapping initiative was to organize, create and manage
'cross-concordances' between controlled vocabularies (thesauri, classification
systems, subject heading lists) centred around the social sciences but quickly
extending to other subject areas. 64 crosswalks with more than 500,000
relations were established. In the final phase of the project, a major
evaluation effort to test and measure the effectiveness of the vocabulary
mappings in an information system environment was conducted. The paper reports
on the cross-concordance work and evaluation results.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, 11 tables, IFLA conference 200
Semantic Technologies for Manuscript Descriptions — Concepts and Visions
The contribution at hand relates recent developments in the area of the World Wide
Web to codicological research. In the last number of years, an informational extension
of the internet has been discussed and extensively researched: the Semantic Web. It
has already been applied in many areas, including digital information processing of
cultural heritage data. The Semantic Web facilitates the organisation and linking of
data across websites, according to a given semantic structure. Software can then process
this structural and semantic information to extract further knowledge. In the area
of codicological research, many institutions are making efforts to improve the online
availability of handwritten codices. If these resources could also employ Semantic
Web techniques, considerable research potential could be unleashed. However, data
acquisition from less structured data sources will be problematic. In particular, data
stemming from unstructured sources needs to be made accessible to SemanticWeb tools
through information extraction techniques. In the area of museum research, the CIDOC
Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) has been widely examined and is being adopted
successfully. The CRM translates well to Semantic Web research, and its concentration
on contextualization of objects could support approaches in codicological research.
Further concepts for the creation and management of bibliographic coherences and
structured vocabularies related to the CRM will be considered in this chapter. Finally, a
user scenario showing all processing steps in their context will be elaborated on
Applying Semantic Web Technologies to Medieval Manuscript Research
Medieval manuscript research is a complex, fragmented, multilingual field of
knowledge, which is difficult to navigate, analyse and exploit. Though printed sources
are still of great importance and value to researchers, there are now many services
on the Web, some commercial and many in the public domain. At present, these
services have to be consulted separately and individually. They employ a range of
different descriptive standards and vocabularies, and use a variety of technologies to
make their information available on the Web. This chapter proposes a new approach to
organizing the international collaborative infrastructure for interlinking knowledge and
research about medieval European manuscripts, based on technologies associated with
the Semantic Web and the Linked Data movement. This collaborative infrastructure
will be an open space on the Web where information about medieval manuscripts can
be shared, stored, exchanged and updated for research purposes. It will be possible to
ask large-scale research questions across the virtual global manuscript collection, in a
quicker and more effective way than has ever been feasible in the past. The proposed
infrastructure will focus on building links between data and will provide the basis
for new kinds of services which exploit these data. It will not aim to impose a single
metadata standard on existing manuscript services, but will build on existing databases
and vocabularies. The article describes the architecture, services and data which will
comprise this infrastructure, and discusses strategies for making th challenging and
exciting goal a reality
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