8,291 research outputs found
Efficient isolation on Vero.DogSLAMtag cells and full genome characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) by next generation sequencing
The Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) genome from the frst Mediterranean epidemic (1990-\u201992) is the
only cetacean Morbillivirus that has been completely sequenced. Here, we report the frst application
of next generation sequencing (NGS) to morbillivirus infection of aquatic mammals. A viral isolate,
representative of the 2006-\u201908 Mediterranean epidemic (DMV_IZSPLV_2008), efciently grew on
Vero.DogSLAMtag cells and was submitted to whole genome characterization by NGS. The fnal
genome length was 15,673 nucleotides, covering 99.82% of the DMV reference genome. Comparison
of DMV_IZSPLV_2008 and 1990-\u201992 DMV strain sequences revealed 157 nucleotide mutations and
47 amino acid changes. The sequence similarity was 98.7% at the full genome level. Whole-genome
phylogeny suggested that the DMV strain circulating during the 2006-\u201908 epidemics emerged from the
1990-\u201992 DMV strain. Viral isolation is considered the \u201cgold standard\u201d for morbillivirus diagnostics but
efcient propagation of infectious virus is difcult to achieve. The successful cell replication of this strain
allowed performing NGS directly from the viral RNA, without prior PCR amplifcation. We therefore
provide to the scientifc community a second DMV genome, representative of another major outbreak.
Interestingly, genome comparison revealed that the neglected L gene encompasses 74% of the genetic
diversity and might serve as \u201chypervariable\u201d target for strain characterization
Command & Control: Understanding, Denying and Detecting - A review of malware C2 techniques, detection and defences
In this survey, we first briefly review the current state of cyber attacks,
highlighting significant recent changes in how and why such attacks are
performed. We then investigate the mechanics of malware command and control
(C2) establishment: we provide a comprehensive review of the techniques used by
attackers to set up such a channel and to hide its presence from the attacked
parties and the security tools they use. We then switch to the defensive side
of the problem, and review approaches that have been proposed for the detection
and disruption of C2 channels. We also map such techniques to widely-adopted
security controls, emphasizing gaps or limitations (and success stories) in
current best practices.Comment: Work commissioned by CPNI, available at c2report.org. 38 pages.
Listing abstract compressed from version appearing in repor
Realizing the Potential of Marine Biotechnology : Challenges and Opportunities
A paid open access option is available for this journal. Author's final version or publisher's version/PDF Authors may deposit in funding agency designated repository after 12 monthsPeer reviewedPublisher PD
A proposed integrated approach for the preclinical evaluation of phage therapy in Pseudomonas infections
Bacteriophage therapy is currently resurging as a potential complement/alternative to antibiotic treatment. However, preclinical evaluation lacks streamlined approaches. We here focus on preclinical approaches which have been implemented to assess bacteriophage efficacy against Pseudomonas biofilms and infections. Laser interferometry and profilometry were applied to measure biofilm matrix permeability and surface geometry changes, respectively. These biophysical approaches were combined with an advanced Airway Surface Liquid infection model, which mimics in vitro the normal and CF lung environments, and an in vivo Galleria larvae model. These assays have been implemented to analyze KTN4 (279,593 bp dsDNA genome), a type-IV pili dependent, giant phage resembling phiKZ. Upon contact, KTN4 immediately disrupts the P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm and reduces pyocyanin and siderophore production. The gentamicin exclusion assay on NuLi-1 and CuFi-1 cell lines revealed the decrease of extracellular bacterial load between 4 and 7 logs and successfully prevents wild-type Pseudomonas internalization into CF epithelial cells. These properties and the significant rescue of Galleria larvae indicate that giant KTN4 phage is a suitable candidate for in vivo phage therapy evaluation for lung infection applications
Systematic evaluation of the population-level effects of alternative treatment strategies on the basic reproduction number
An approach to estimate the influence of the treatment-type controls on the
basic reproduction number, R 0 , is proposed and elaborated. The presented
approach allows one to estimate the effect of a given treatment strategy or to
compare a number of different treatment strategies on the basic reproduction
number. All our results are valid for sufficiently small values of the control.
However, in many cases it is possible to extend this analysis to larger values
of the control as was illustrated by examples
Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp.1-36, January - March 2006
*Table of Contents* Research & farming techniques
Nursery rearing of Puntius goniotus: A preliminary trial K.N. Mohnta, J.K. Jena & S.N. Mohanty
Artemia enrichment and biomass production for larval finfish
and shellfish culture A.S. Ninawe
Vembanad Lake: A potential spawner bank of the giant freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii on the southwest coast of India
Paramaraj Balamurugan, Pitchaimuthu Mariappan & Chellam Balasundaram
Seed production of mud crab Scylla serrata at the Rajiv Gandhi Center
for Aquaculture, Tamil Nadu, India Mohamed Shaji, Emilia T. Quinitio, Thampi Samraj, S. Kandan, K. Ganesh,
Dinesh Kumar, S. Arulraj, S. Pandiarajan, Shajina Ismail and K. Dhandapan.
Sustainable aquaculture
Fish wastes in urban and suburban markets of Kolkata: Problems and potentials Kausik Mondal, Anilava Kaviraj & P.K. Mukhopadhyay
People in aquaculture
Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: Farming carps in leased ponds
by groups of poor women in Chandpur, Bangladesh Aquatic animal health
Lymphocystis disease and diagnostic methods in China Jing Xing, Xiuzhen Sheng & Wenbin Zhan
Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network
Mesocosm technology advances grouper culture in northern Australia Elizabeth Cox, Peter Fry & Anjanette Johnsto
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