Enhanced PBFT Blockchain based on a Combination of Ripple and PBFT (R-PBFT) to Cryptospatial Coordinate

In this research, we introduce the combination of two Blockchain methods. Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm (RPCA) and Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) are applied to cryptospatial coordinates to support cultural heritage tourism. The PBFT process is still used until the preparation process to ensure a maximum error of 33%, and every node would add a new chain in all nodes, so PBFT has a slower processing speed than other methods. This research cuts the PBFT process. After the preparation process in PBFT, the data was entered into the RPCA node and was calculated using an equation to minimize errors with a maximum limit of 20%. After this process, the was were sent to the commit process to store the data in all connected nodes in the Blockchain network; we call this combination of two methods R-PBFT. Combining the two methods can enhance data processing security and speed because it still uses the PBFT work combined with the speed of RPCA. Furthermore, this method uses a fault tolerance value from the RPCA of 20% to enhance data processing security and speed