2,590 research outputs found

    Serverless Strategies and Tools in the Cloud Computing Continuum

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    Tesis por compendio[ES] En los últimos años, la popularidad de la computación en nube ha permitido a los usuarios acceder a recursos de cómputo, red y almacenamiento sin precedentes bajo un modelo de pago por uso. Esta popularidad ha propiciado la aparición de nuevos servicios para resolver determinados problemas informáticos a gran escala y simplificar el desarrollo y el despliegue de aplicaciones. Entre los servicios más destacados en los últimos años se encuentran las plataformas FaaS (Función como Servicio), cuyo principal atractivo es la facilidad de despliegue de pequeños fragmentos de código en determinados lenguajes de programación para realizar tareas específicas en respuesta a eventos. Estas funciones son ejecutadas en los servidores del proveedor Cloud sin que los usuarios se preocupen de su mantenimiento ni de la gestión de su elasticidad, manteniendo siempre un modelo de pago por uso de grano fino. Las plataformas FaaS pertenecen al paradigma informático conocido como Serverless, cuyo propósito es abstraer la gestión de servidores por parte de los usuarios, permitiéndoles centrar sus esfuerzos únicamente en el desarrollo de aplicaciones. El problema del modelo FaaS es que está enfocado principalmente en microservicios y tiende a tener limitaciones en el tiempo de ejecución y en las capacidades de computación (por ejemplo, carece de soporte para hardware de aceleración como GPUs). Sin embargo, se ha demostrado que la capacidad de autoaprovisionamiento y el alto grado de paralelismo de estos servicios pueden ser muy adecuados para una mayor variedad de aplicaciones. Además, su inherente ejecución dirigida por eventos hace que las funciones sean perfectamente adecuadas para ser definidas como pasos en flujos de trabajo de procesamiento de archivos (por ejemplo, flujos de trabajo de computación científica). Por otra parte, el auge de los dispositivos inteligentes e integrados (IoT), las innovaciones en las redes de comunicación y la necesidad de reducir la latencia en casos de uso complejos han dado lugar al concepto de Edge computing, o computación en el borde. El Edge computing consiste en el procesamiento en dispositivos cercanos a las fuentes de datos para mejorar los tiempos de respuesta. La combinación de este paradigma con la computación en nube, formando arquitecturas con dispositivos a distintos niveles en función de su proximidad a la fuente y su capacidad de cómputo, se ha acuñado como continuo de la computación en la nube (o continuo computacional). Esta tesis doctoral pretende, por lo tanto, aplicar diferentes estrategias Serverless para permitir el despliegue de aplicaciones generalistas, empaquetadas en contenedores de software, a través de los diferentes niveles del continuo computacional. Para ello, se han desarrollado múltiples herramientas con el fin de: i) adaptar servicios FaaS de proveedores Cloud públicos; ii) integrar diferentes componentes software para definir una plataforma Serverless en infraestructuras privadas y en el borde; iii) aprovechar dispositivos de aceleración en plataformas Serverless; y iv) facilitar el despliegue de aplicaciones y flujos de trabajo a través de interfaces de usuario. Además, se han creado y adaptado varios casos de uso para evaluar los desarrollos conseguidos.[CA] En els últims anys, la popularitat de la computació al núvol ha permès als usuaris accedir a recursos de còmput, xarxa i emmagatzematge sense precedents sota un model de pagament per ús. Aquesta popularitat ha propiciat l'aparició de nous serveis per resoldre determinats problemes informàtics a gran escala i simplificar el desenvolupament i desplegament d'aplicacions. Entre els serveis més destacats en els darrers anys hi ha les plataformes FaaS (Funcions com a Servei), el principal atractiu de les quals és la facilitat de desplegament de petits fragments de codi en determinats llenguatges de programació per realitzar tasques específiques en resposta a esdeveniments. Aquestes funcions són executades als servidors del proveïdor Cloud sense que els usuaris es preocupen del seu manteniment ni de la gestió de la seva elasticitat, mantenint sempre un model de pagament per ús de gra fi. Les plataformes FaaS pertanyen al paradigma informàtic conegut com a Serverless, el propòsit del qual és abstraure la gestió de servidors per part dels usuaris, permetent centrar els seus esforços únicament en el desenvolupament d'aplicacions. El problema del model FaaS és que està enfocat principalment a microserveis i tendeix a tenir limitacions en el temps d'execució i en les capacitats de computació (per exemple, no té suport per a maquinari d'acceleració com GPU). Tot i això, s'ha demostrat que la capacitat d'autoaprovisionament i l'alt grau de paral·lelisme d'aquests serveis poden ser molt adequats per a més aplicacions. A més, la seva inherent execució dirigida per esdeveniments fa que les funcions siguen perfectament adequades per ser definides com a passos en fluxos de treball de processament d'arxius (per exemple, fluxos de treball de computació científica). D'altra banda, l'auge dels dispositius intel·ligents i integrats (IoT), les innovacions a les xarxes de comunicació i la necessitat de reduir la latència en casos d'ús complexos han donat lloc al concepte d'Edge computing, o computació a la vora. L'Edge computing consisteix en el processament en dispositius propers a les fonts de dades per millorar els temps de resposta. La combinació d'aquest paradigma amb la computació en núvol, formant arquitectures amb dispositius a diferents nivells en funció de la proximitat a la font i la capacitat de còmput, s'ha encunyat com a continu de la computació al núvol (o continu computacional). Aquesta tesi doctoral pretén, doncs, aplicar diferents estratègies Serverless per permetre el desplegament d'aplicacions generalistes, empaquetades en contenidors de programari, a través dels diferents nivells del continu computacional. Per això, s'han desenvolupat múltiples eines per tal de: i) adaptar serveis FaaS de proveïdors Cloud públics; ii) integrar diferents components de programari per definir una plataforma Serverless en infraestructures privades i a la vora; iii) aprofitar dispositius d'acceleració a plataformes Serverless; i iv) facilitar el desplegament d'aplicacions i fluxos de treball mitjançant interfícies d'usuari. A més, s'han creat i s'han adaptat diversos casos d'ús per avaluar els desenvolupaments aconseguits.[EN] In recent years, the popularity of Cloud computing has allowed users to access unprecedented compute, network, and storage resources under a pay-per-use model. This popularity led to new services to solve specific large-scale computing challenges and simplify the development and deployment of applications. Among the most prominent services in recent years are FaaS (Function as a Service) platforms, whose primary appeal is the ease of deploying small pieces of code in certain programming languages to perform specific tasks on an event-driven basis. These functions are executed on the Cloud provider's servers without users worrying about their maintenance or elasticity management, always keeping a fine-grained pay-per-use model. FaaS platforms belong to the computing paradigm known as Serverless, which aims to abstract the management of servers from the users, allowing them to focus their efforts solely on the development of applications. The problem with FaaS is that it focuses on microservices and tends to have limitations regarding the execution time and the computing capabilities (e.g. lack of support for acceleration hardware such as GPUs). However, it has been demonstrated that the self-provisioning capability and high degree of parallelism of these services can be well suited to broader applications. In addition, their inherent event-driven triggering makes functions perfectly suitable to be defined as steps in file processing workflows (e.g. scientific computing workflows). Furthermore, the rise of smart and embedded devices (IoT), innovations in communication networks and the need to reduce latency in challenging use cases have led to the concept of Edge computing. Edge computing consists of conducting the processing on devices close to the data sources to improve response times. The coupling of this paradigm together with Cloud computing, involving architectures with devices at different levels depending on their proximity to the source and their compute capability, has been coined as Cloud Computing Continuum (or Computing Continuum). Therefore, this PhD thesis aims to apply different Serverless strategies to enable the deployment of generalist applications, packaged in software containers, across the different tiers of the Cloud Computing Continuum. To this end, multiple tools have been developed in order to: i) adapt FaaS services from public Cloud providers; ii) integrate different software components to define a Serverless platform on on-premises and Edge infrastructures; iii) leverage acceleration devices on Serverless platforms; and iv) facilitate the deployment of applications and workflows through user interfaces. Additionally, several use cases have been created and adapted to assess the developments achieved.Risco Gallardo, S. (2023). Serverless Strategies and Tools in the Cloud Computing Continuum [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/202013Compendi

    Indirect Prophecies Concerning the Death of Christ in Narrative

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    In Luke 24, two disciples recognized that Jesus had predicted He would suffer, be betrayed, and handed over to death by crucifixion, and had said He would rise again on the third day. It was now the third day, and Jesus was no longer in the tomb, but they were confused as to what these things meant and how they came to be. Jesus says to them, “‘O foolish ones and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into His glory?’ And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, He expounded to them all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself” (vv. 25-27). Furthermore, He explained that “all things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms concerning Me” (v 44). This foretelling by the full scope of the Old Testament, was to communicate that suffering, death, and rising were necessary to bring about repentance and remission of sins (v 47). The thesis of this dissertation is that even within the narrative sections of Scripture that are comprised mostly of the Pentateuch and Former prophets, Christ’s suffering, death, and resurrection were foretold. Specifically, they were foretold not just in the few direct prophecies but within the lives of the characters, in the words that were spoken, within actions done, and in events that played out. It further will contend that typology is the best hermeneutical method to be used to determine the type-antitype connections between Christ’s suffering, death, and resurrection to the characters and events in these sections of Scripture. Moreover, these narratives will be filtered through the two clearest direct prophecies concerning the death of Christ, Isaiah 53 and Psalm 22, both of which were written during the time of the Former Prophets. Because Isaiah 53 is considered by several scholars to not have been written during Isaiah’s lifetime but much later, and by some that David was not a historical monarch of the Israelite people, time is spent establishing the chronology of the Bible and the interconnections between Isaiah’s and David’s writings to the Former Prophets and Pentateuch

    Planetary Hinterlands:Extraction, Abandonment and Care

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    This open access book considers the concept of the hinterland as a crucial tool for understanding the global and planetary present as a time defined by the lasting legacies of colonialism, increasing labor precarity under late capitalist regimes, and looming climate disasters. Traditionally seen to serve a (colonial) port or market town, the hinterland here becomes a lens to attend to the times and spaces shaped and experienced across the received categories of the urban, rural, wilderness or nature. In straddling these categories, the concept of the hinterland foregrounds the human and more-than-human lively processes and forms of care that go on even in sites defined by capitalist extraction and political abandonment. Bringing together scholars from the humanities and social sciences, the book rethinks hinterland materialities, affectivities, and ecologies across places and cultural imaginations, Global North and South, urban and rural, and land and water

    Contract-Wrapped Property

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    For nearly two centuries, the law has allowed servitudes that “run with” real property while consistently refusing to permit servitudes attached to personal property. That is, owners of land can establish new, specific requirements for the property that bind all future owners—but owners of chattels cannot. In recent decades, however, firms have increasingly begun relying on contract provisions that purport to bind future owners of chattels. These developments began in the context of software licensing, but they have started to migrate to chattels not encumbered by software. Courts encountering these provisions have mostly missed their significance, focusing instead on questions of contract doctrine, such as whether opening shrink wrap constitutes assent to be bound. Property concepts never enter their analysis. The result of this oversight is that courts have de facto recognized equitable servitudes on chattels—a category that our legal system has long forbidden. Yet because courts are often unfamiliar with property-law principles, and because lawyers have failed to make property-based arguments, individual contracts cases are remodeling the architecture of property rights without anyone realizing it.This Article identifies the unexpected emergence of servitudes on chattels via contract law. It explores the consequences of that development and argues that we should see it as deeply troubling. By unwittingly reestablishing equitable servitudes on chattels—something our legal system rejected long ago for good reason—this change in law threatens to undo longstanding precedent, disrupt settled expectations, and effectively recognize a new form of property. More generally, elevating contract over other private law doctrines disrupts the private law’s equilibrium in which a complementary suite of doctrines developed to promote economic liberty while curtailing opportunistic impulses. While the pathologies that have flourished internally in modern contract doctrine have been well studied by scholars, the way in which contract law is threatening to consume property and other areas of private law has received less attention. Using servitudes on personal property as a window into the larger problem of contract-dominated private law, this Article explores the private law’s role in shaping environmental conservation, autonomy, innovation, and the legitimacy of the law itself. Those values are all in jeopardy as if contract law is allowed to encroach on property and to erode the very concept of ownership

    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum

    Under construction: infrastructure and modern fiction

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    In this dissertation, I argue that infrastructural development, with its technological promises but widening geographic disparities and social and environmental consequences, informs both the narrative content and aesthetic forms of modernist and contemporary Anglophone fiction. Despite its prevalent material forms—roads, rails, pipes, and wires—infrastructure poses particular formal and narrative problems, often receding into the background as mere setting. To address how literary fiction theorizes the experience of infrastructure requires reading “infrastructurally”: that is, paying attention to the seemingly mundane interactions between characters and their built environments. The writers central to this project—James Joyce, William Faulkner, Karen Tei Yamashita, and Mohsin Hamid—take up the representational challenges posed by infrastructure by bringing transit networks, sanitation systems, and electrical grids and the histories of their development and use into the foreground. These writers call attention to the political dimensions of built environments, revealing the ways infrastructures produce, reinforce, and perpetuate racial and socioeconomic fault lines. They also attempt to formalize the material relations of power inscribed by and within infrastructure; the novel itself becomes an imaginary counterpart to the technologies of infrastructure, a form that shapes and constrains what types of social action and affiliation are possible

    Ezhi-Nisidotamang Ininaatigoog Miinawaa Anishinaabeg Maamawibimaadiziyang (a Cultural, Ethnographic and Scientific Framework for Understanding Maple and Human Relations)

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    Ininaatigoog, Acer saccharum, or sugar maple trees have been around 66 million yearsproviding sustenance for thousands of years for those who utilize it1 . They provide food and shelter, supplying necessary provisions for all. For Indigenous people when ininaatigoog sap starts to run, it is a sign of springtime, a celebration of life. In Spring the Anishinaabeg, specifically the Ojibwe, Potawatomi, and Odawa, go to their sugar camps, and start the rigorous process of harvesting the sap. In the past the Anishinaabeg moved from their winter camps into their spring sugar camps to transform the sap into maple sugar. Stories are told, and families enjoy mino-bimaadiziwin, the good life. This dissertation examines the relationship between sugar maples and humans, while examining multiple ways of communicating within a shared biome to provide a framework for integrating the experiences, messages, and knowledge of all members of the community. This framework allows all beings to have equal agency as they face the challenges of living within and stewarding their environment as climate change accelerates. This framework integrates contemporary global scientific practices, and Anishinaabe scientific traditions of observation - naanagadawaabandan (seeing data and things in the world), naanaagadawaabam (seeing living relationships). I focus on ininaatigoog and Anishinaabeg, 1 Bruce H.Tiffney, and Steven R. Manchester, “The Use of Geological and Paleontological Evidence in Evaluating Plant Phylogeographic Hypotheses in the Northern Hemisphere Tertiary,” International Journal of Plant Sciences 162, no. S6 (2001): S3–17. https://doi.org/10.1086/323880 (accessed July 15, 2022). iii looking at their history, culture, and the integrated idea of naanagadawaabandan combined with naanagadawaabam of the ininaatigoog as an example of how to utilize this framework. To accurately represent the ininaatigoog, and the Anishinaabeg, and the specific relationships of practitioners in this biome, I have used Ojibwemowin throughout the text. Chapter one discusses gaa-ezhiwebag (the history) of the ininaatigoog and Anishinaabeg in the Great Lakes watershed. Chapter two looks at the history of Anishinaabe iskigamizige (sugar bush practices). Chapter three examines ezhi-dibaadanawaa iskigamizigewaad (the way specific people talk about sugar bush practices) through an ethnographic look at eight iskigamizigan (sugar camps) in the western Great Lakes. Chapter four explains ezhinaanagadawendamowaad (the way people seek to understand) an Indigenous framework for scientific observation. My conclusion suggests the knowledge and ideas of this framework, based on the relationship between the ininaatigoog and humans, can be used to understand this and other biomes so we can all attain mino-bimaadiziwin (good life) and improve our relationship with our planet

    Academic writing for IT students

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    This textbook is intended for Master and PhD Information Technology students (B1-C1 level of English proficiency). The instructions of how to write a research paper in English and the relevant exercises are given. The peculiarities of each section of a paper are presented. The exercises are based on real science materials taken from peer-reviewed journals. The subject area covers a wide scope of different Information Technology domains
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