24 research outputs found
A Decomposition Algorithm to Solve the Multi-Hop Peer-to-Peer Ride-Matching Problem
In this paper, we mathematically model the multi-hop Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
ride-matching problem as a binary program. We formulate this problem as a
many-to-many problem in which a rider can travel by transferring between
multiple drivers, and a driver can carry multiple riders. We propose a
pre-processing procedure to reduce the size of the problem, and devise a
decomposition algorithm to solve the original ride-matching problem to
optimality by means of solving multiple smaller problems. We conduct extensive
numerical experiments to demonstrate the computational efficiency of the
proposed algorithm and show its practical applicability to reasonably-sized
dynamic ride-matching contexts. Finally, in the interest of even lower solution
times, we propose heuristic solution methods, and investigate the trade-offs
between solution time and accuracy
Large-Scale Dynamic Ridesharing with Iterative Assignment
Transportation network companies (TNCs) have become a highly utilized
transportation mode over the past years. At their emergence, TNCs were serving
ride requests one by one. However, the economic and environmental benefits of
ridesharing encourages them to dynamically pool multiple ride requests to
enable people to share vehicles. In a dynamic ridesharing (DRS) system, a fleet
operator seeks to minimize the overall travel cost while a rider desires to
experience a faster (and cheaper) service. While the DRS may provide relatively
cheaper trips by pooling requests, the service speed is contingent on the
objective of the vehicle-to-rider assignments. Moreover, the operator must
quickly assign a vehicle to requests to prevent customer loss. In this study we
develop an iterative assignment (IA) algorithm with a balanced objective to
conduct assignments quickly. A greedy algorithm from the literature is also
tailored to further reduce the computational time. The IA was used to measure
the impact on service quality of fleet size; assignment frequency; the weight
control parameter of the two objectives on vehicle occupancy -- rider wait time
and vehicle hours traveled. A case study in Austin, TX, reveals that the key
performance metrics are the most sensitive to the weight parameter in the
objective function
A bilevel approach for compensation and routing decisions in last-mile delivery
In last-mile delivery logistics, peer-to-peer logistic platforms play an
important role in connecting senders, customers, and independent carriers to
fulfill delivery requests. Since the carriers are not under the platform's
control, the platform has to anticipate their reactions, while deciding how to
allocate the delivery operations. Indeed, carriers' decisions largely affect
the platform's revenue. In this paper, we model this problem using bilevel
programming. At the upper level, the platform decides how to assign the orders
to the carriers; at the lower level, each carrier solves a profitable tour
problem to determine which offered requests to accept, based on her own profit
maximization. Possibly, the platform can influence carriers' decisions by
determining also the compensation paid for each accepted request. The two
considered settings result in two different formulations: the bilevel
profitable tour problem with fixed compensation margins and with margin
decisions, respectively. For each of them, we propose single-level
reformulations and alternative formulations where the lower-level routing
variables are projected out. A branch-and-cut algorithm is proposed to solve
the bilevel models, with a tailored warm-start heuristic used to speed up the
solution process. Extensive computational tests are performed to compare the
proposed formulations and analyze solution characteristics
A passenger-to-driver matching model for commuter carpooling: Case study and sensitivity analysis
For the transport sector, promoting carpooling to private car users could be an effective strategy over reducing vehicle kilometers traveled. Theoretical studies have verified that carpooling is not only beneficial to drivers and passengers but also to the environment. Nevertheless, despite carpooling having a huge potential market in car commuters, it is not widely used in practice worldwide. In this paper, we develop a passenger-to-driver matching model based on the characteristics of a private-car based carpooling service, and propose an estimation method for time-based costs as well as the psychological costs of carpooling trips, taking into account the potential motivations and preferences of potential carpoolers. We test the model using commuting data for the Greater London from the UK Census 2011 and travel-time data from Uber. We investigate the service sensitivity to varying carpooling participant rates and fee-sharing ratios with the aim of improving matching performance at least cost. Finally, to illustrate how our matching model might be used, we test some practical carpooling promotion instruments. We found that higher participant role flexibility in the system can improve matching performance significantly. Encouraging commuters to walk helps form more carpooling trips and further reduces carbon emissions. Different fee-sharing ratios can influence matching performance, hence determination of optimal pricing should be based on the specific matching model and its cost parameters. Disincentives like parking charges and congestion charges seem to have a greater effect on carpooling choice than incentives like preferential parking and subsidies. The proposed model and associated findings provide valuable insights for designing an effective matching system and incentive scheme for carpooling services in practice