An automate failure recovery for synchronous distributed database system

Periodically, researchers have been sharing their constant attempts to improve the existing methods for data replication in distributed database system. The main goal is to work for an efficient distributed environment. An efficient environment may handle huge amount of data and preserve data availability. The occasionally failures in distributed systems will affect the end results, such as data loss, income loss etc. Thus, to prevent the data loss and guarantee the continuity of the business, many organizations have applied disaster recovery solutions in their system. One of the widely used is database replication, because it guarantees data safety and availability. However, disaster still can occur in database replication. Hence, an automatic failure recovery technique called distributed database replication with fault tolerance (DDR-FT) has been proposed in this research. DDR-FT uses heartbeat message for node monitoring. Subsequently, a foundation of binary vote assignment for fragmented database (BVAFD) replication technique has been used. In DDR-FT, the data nodes are continuously monitored while auto reconfiguring for automatic failure recovery. From the conducted experiments, it is proved that DDR-FT can preserve system availability. It shows that DDR-FT technique provides a convenient approach to system availability for distributed database replication in real time environment

Capacity Gaps in Post Disaster Waste Management: Case Study in Sri Lanka

Disaster waste is one of the major consequences aftermath of any disaster, impacts on public and environment, rescue and emergency services, provision of lifeline support and socio-economic recovery of affected areas. Thus, management of wastes created by disasters has become an increasingly important issue to be addressed in responding to a disaster. This chapter intends to present the prevailing gaps in disaster waste management and approaches to minimize the impacts on disaster management at developing countries with special emphasis to Sri Lankan context. Findings revealed that, unavailability of single point responsibility and provisions for disaster waste in existing policies and capacity constraints of the prevailing peace time solid waste management practices as major capacity gaps. Establishment of a regulatory body and enforceable rules and regulations with necessary levels of capacities were identified with seven areas for capacity building for post disaster waste management. The research enabled to attain sustainable post disaster waste management for future resilience

Framework for capacity building for post disaster construction & demolition waste management at national level

The entire world is facing frequent and severe disasters In a disaster, generation of waste is unavoidable and critical as it differs from a normal situation in terms of quantity and composition Thus, improper waste management is a major environmental issue in any postdisaster scenario, specifically when it is contaminated with toxic substances leading to environmental degradation and health problems Therefore, measures to control waste generation and management of waste are needed for proper disaster waste management, being an important aspect of the entire process of disaster management Literature revealed capacity gaps in disaster waste management emphasizing the importance of capacity building for post disaster waste management in Sri Lanka Thus this paper presents framework for capacity building for post disaster waste management with special emphasis on C&D waste at national level entities in Sri Lanka Data were gathered through semi structured interviews conducted with experts representing Government, Non government and other sector organizations involved in post disaster waste management Capacity gaps such as fewer opportunities for career development, unawareness, lack of incentives are identified at individual level while unavailability of formal procedures for preparation, monitoring and evaluation of programmes/ projects, policy issues such as unenforceability, inadequate government support and unavailability of institutional arrangement are identified at entity level Framework for capability building in disaster C&D waste management was presented, with suggested approaches to overcome identified capacity gaps Framework can assist national entities involved in disaster waste management to focus on specific capacity building processes based on their institutional priorities It contains evaluated approaches to enhance capacities, providing flexibility to initiate capacity building at different levels such as individual, team, programmes, projects, entity or network of entities and in different contexts than disaster waste management It guides national entities involved in post disaster waste management to enhance their capacities for effective and efficient processes of post disaster waste management with special emphasis to C&D wast

Management information systems in social safety net programs : a look at accountability and control mechanisms

This paper is intended to provide task managers and World Bank Group clients working on Social Safety Net (SSN) programs with practical and systematic ways to use information management practices to mitigate risks by strengthening control and accountability mechanisms. It lays out practices and options to consider in the design and implementation of the Management Information System (MIS), and how to evaluate and mitigate operational risks originating from running a MIS. The findings of the paper are based on the review of several Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs in the Latin American Region and various World Bank publications on CCTs. The paper presents a framework for the implementation of MIS and cross-cutting information management systems that is based on industry standards and information management practices. This framework can be applied both to programs that make use of information and communications technology (ICT) and programs that are paper based. It includes examples of MIS practices that can strengthen control and accountability mechanisms of SSN programs, and presents a roadmap for the design and implementation of an MIS in these programs. The application of the framework is illustrated through case studies from three fictitious countries. The paper concludes with some considerations and recommendations for task managers and government officials in charge of implementing CCTs and other safety nets program, and with a checklist for the implementation and monitoring of MIS.E-Business,Technology Industry,Education for Development (superceded),Labor Policies,Knowledge Economy

Modeling emergency management data by UML as an extension of geographic data sharing model: AST approach

Applying GIS functionality provides a powerful decision support in various application areas and the basis to integrate policies directed to citizens, business, and governments. The focus is changing toward integrating these functions to find optimal solutions to complex problems. As an integral part of this approach, geographic data sharing model for Turkey were developed as a new approach that enables using the data corporately and effectively. General features of this model are object-oriented model, based on ISO/TC211 standards and INSPIRE Data Specifications, describing nationwide unique object identifiers, and defining a mechanism to manage object changes through time. The model is fully described with Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagram. This can be a starting point for geographic data providers in Turkey to create sector models like Emergency Management that has importance because of the increasing number of natural and man-made disasters. In emergency management, this sector model can provide the most appropriate data to many "Actors" that behave as emergency response organizations such as fire and medical departments. Actors work in "Sectors" such as fire department and urban security. Each sector is responsible for "Activities" such as traffic control, fighting dire, emission, and so on. "Tasks" such as registering incident, fire response, and evacuating area are performed by actors and part of activity. These tasks produce information for emergency response and require information based on the base data model. By this way, geographic data models of emergency response are designed and discussed with "Actor-Sector-Activity-Task" classes as an extension of the base model with some cases from Turkey

Social Media for Cities, Counties and Communities

Social media (i.e., Twitter, Facebook, Flickr, YouTube) and other tools and services with user- generated content have made a staggering amount of information (and misinformation) available. Some government officials seek to leverage these resources to improve services and communication with citizens, especially during crises and emergencies. Yet, the sheer volume of social data streams generates substantial noise that must be filtered. Potential exists to rapidly identify issues of concern for emergency management by detecting meaningful patterns or trends in the stream of messages and information flow. Similarly, monitoring these patterns and themes over time could provide officials with insights into the perceptions and mood of the community that cannot be collected through traditional methods (e.g., phone or mail surveys) due to their substantive costs, especially in light of reduced and shrinking budgets of governments at all levels. We conducted a pilot study in 2010 with government officials in Arlington, Virginia (and to a lesser extent representatives of groups from Alexandria and Fairfax, Virginia) with a view to contributing to a general understanding of the use of social media by government officials as well as community organizations, businesses and the public. We were especially interested in gaining greater insight into social media use in crisis situations (whether severe or fairly routine crises, such as traffic or weather disruptions)

Development Of Planning Support System For Urban Rehabilitation And Reconstruction In Case Sidoarjo Mud Flow Post Disaster

Sidoarjo mud disaster impact that has lasted more than 3 years are very influential on other aspects of life in Porong and surrounding areas. The need for information systems that can inform the public about the catastrophic conditions is absolutely necessary. In previous research has established a disaster management information system that is treated with the approach to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) consisting of the phases of mitigation, evacuation and warning his own. Mitigation system that was built covering the field of catastrophe risk modeling using network analysis, mapping mudguard embankment area, information about alternative routes and other public facilities information. Evacuation system provides information on areas that can be used as an evacuation site if a disaster occurs, such as health centers and referral hospitals and information about the stages of evacuation if the disaster occurs. Early warning system that allows agencies related to the Sidoarjo Mud Mitigation Agency (BPLS) provide information directly via WEB and SMS that can be accessed by the public via the WEB and SMS. Mitigation system that was built covering the field of catastrophe risk modeling using network analysis, mapping mudguard embankment area, information about alternative routes and other public facilities information. Evacuation system provides information on areas that can be used as an evacuation site if a disaster occurs, such as health centers and referral hospitals and information about the stages of evacuation if the disaster occurs. Early warning system that allows agencies related to the Sidoarjo Mud Mitigation Agency (BPLS) provide information directly via WEB and SMS that can be accessed by the public via the WEB and SMS. Mitigation system that was built covering the field of catastrophe risk modeling using network analysis, mapping mudguard embankment area, information about alternative routes and other public facilities information. Evacuation system provides information on areas that can be used as an evacuation site if a disaster occurs, such as health centers and referral hospitals and information about the stages of evacuation if the disaster occurs. Early warning system that allows agencies related to the Sidoarjo Mud Mitigation Agency (BPLS) provide information directly via WEB and SMS that can be accessed by the public via the WEB and SMS. The next stage is the stage of recovery. To that end, the research platform designed with integrated GIS Decision Systems (DSS) for regional development planning. Platform that includes a planned relocation of the transportation system and the relocation industry. Relocation of industrial zones by the method of analytical hierarchy process to produce recommendations relocate industrial park. Modeling facility relocation alternative transport route network transformation results

Comparative Advantage in Disaster Response

This paper introduces a framework for a systematic analysis of the comparative advantages of various types of emergency responders. Our hypothesis is that one can define and then test comparative advantages across categories of actors and that a policy-making framework can help prepare better disaster responses in the future. We present an analytic framework that categorizes NGOs, governments, militaries and private responders at various levels. This initial theoretical framework provides a structure to begin to analyze comparative advantage. It suggests that there might be better combinations and sequences of responders in given situations. With the basic theory set forth, the framework is tested against data from two cases: 1) the disaster response following the 2004 Tsunami in Sri Lanka and 2) the response in Honduras after Hurricane Mitch in 1998. Ultimately, this work is intended to inspire other researchers interested in questions of disaster response to employ this methodology to develop and publish cases as well, creating a body of analysis that could then be further refined into policy recommendations to improve humanitarian emergency efforts.This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 38. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers