A Comprehensive Review and Synthesis of Open Source Research

The open source movement has grown steadily and matured in recent years, and this growth has been mirrored by a rise in open source related research. The objective of this paper is to pause and reflect on the state of the field. We start by conducting a comprehensive literature review of open source research, and organize the resulting 618 peer-reviewed articles into a taxonomy. Elements of this taxonomy are defined and described. We then draw on a number of existing categorization schemes to develop a framework to situate open source research within a wider nomological network. Building on concepts from systems theory, we propose a holistic framework of open source research. This framework incorporates current research, as represented by the taxonomy, identifies gaps and areas of overlap, and charts a path for future work

A Dual Model of Open Source License Growth

Every open source project needs to decide on an open source license. This decision is of high economic relevance: Just which license is the best one to help the project grow and attract a community? The most common question is: Should the project choose a restrictive (reciprocal) license or a more permissive one? As an important step towards answering this question, this paper analyses actual license choice and correlated project growth from ten years of open source projects. It provides closed analytical models and finds that around 2001 a reversal in license choice occurred from restrictive towards permissive licenses.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Geospatial information infrastructures

Manual of Digital Earth / Editors: Huadong Guo, Michael F. Goodchild, Alessandro Annoni .- Springer, 2020 .- ISBN: 978-981-32-9915-3Geospatial information infrastructures (GIIs) provide the technological, semantic,organizationalandlegalstructurethatallowforthediscovery,sharing,and use of geospatial information (GI). In this chapter, we introduce the overall concept and surrounding notions such as geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial datainfrastructures(SDI).WeoutlinethehistoryofGIIsintermsoftheorganizational andtechnologicaldevelopmentsaswellasthecurrentstate-of-art,andreflectonsome of the central challenges and possible future trajectories. We focus on the tension betweenincreasedneedsforstandardizationandtheever-acceleratingtechnological changes. We conclude that GIIs evolved as a strong underpinning contribution to implementation of the Digital Earth vision. In the future, these infrastructures are challengedtobecomeflexibleandrobustenoughtoabsorbandembracetechnological transformationsandtheaccompanyingsocietalandorganizationalimplications.With this contribution, we present the reader a comprehensive overview of the field and a solid basis for reflections about future developments

Open Innovation via Open Source: Collaboration of Companies to Infuse Automobiles with Digital Technologies

Open innovation is a process through which companies open their borders and collaborate with external stakeholders like open source communities to bring new ideas and develop novel digital technologies to gain a competitive position. In this paper, we studied an open source project, i.e., Automotive Grade Linux (AGL) – a Linux Foundation project started by automobile manufacturers and technology companies to innovate technologies for automobiles. By analyzing the code contribution of AGL, we show that much of the code contribution is made by external companies supplying technology to automotive companies and later using the open innovation process to benefit from it. We find evidence that automobile manufacturers engage in open source communities for outside-in, inside-out, and coupled open innovation. As such, this paper shows to managers in larger companies the importance of open source as a way to do open innovation

The Domestication of Open Source

Open source is becoming domesticated through the advancement of organizational practices, foundation sponsorships, and communal standards. Over the past ten years, organizational participation with open source has become a viable business proposition, opening new paths for service management, innovation discovery, and product development. Traditionally, engagement with open source has recognized how organizations leverage resources from an open source community into new practice. Such recognition assumes stabilizing efforts located within organizations to address open source community complexities. However, recent trends have led organizations to advance durability into open source communities in efforts to stabilize practices within communities themselves. In essence, domesticating open source. In this research-in-progress we provide a theoretical frame of risk, agency, and technology-in-practice to understand open source domestication and reveal it roots, trajectories, and evolutionary nature. This work has been funded through the National Science Foundation VOSS-IOS Grant

Barriers to Mission-Critical Open Source Software Adoption by Organizations: A Provider Perspective

While open source has long been increasing in the infrastructure software domain, few organizations have adopted open source for mission-critical software application. We use the Delphi method to investigate barriers to mission-critical OSS adoption as perceived by two panels of experienced providers in France (n= 18) and in Canada (Quebec) (n= 11). On average, panelists have 15 years of experience in the software industry including 9 years with open source software. By comparing the barriers selected by each group, zones of concordance and discordance are identified. We complement the open source adoption literature by adding new insights to the existing body of knowledge dominated by client perspective alone. We also anchor our findings in the extant literature by comparing our results with those of previous studies