Review of sensors for remote patient monitoring

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) of physiological measurements can provide an efficient method and high quality care to patients. The physiological signals measurement is the initial and the most important factor in RPM. This paper discusses the characteristics of the most popular sensors, which are used to obtain vital clinical signals in prevalent RPM systems. The sensors discussed in this paper are used to measure ECG, heart sound, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure and respiration rate, which are treated as the most important vital data in patient monitoring and medical examination

Current, emerging and future technologies for sensing the environment

This paper reviews current technologies that are used for environmental monitoring, and presents emerging technologies that will dramatically improve our ability to obtain spatially distributed, real-time data about key indicators of environmental quality at specific locations. Futuristic approaches to environmental monitoring that employ fundamental breakthroughs in materials science to revolutionise the way we monitor our environment will also be considered. In particular, approaches employing biomimetic and 'adaptive'/'stimuli-responsive' materials will be highlighted, as these could play an important role in the realization of small, low power, low cost, autonomous sensing and communications platforms that could form the building blocks of the much vaunted environmental 'sensor web'

ECG Monitoring and Real-Time Wireless Transmission System for Ambulance

ECG is the most vital parameter, and it gives information about the current condition of the patient. The ECG measuring instruments available today are of high cost and hence there is a need to build an economical system. The patient has to be continuously monitored and the data has to be immediately sent to the doctor in the hospital to analyze and suggest any first aid, which will help the crew in the ambulance to take necessary action according to the doctor’s suggestion. Also, the doctors at the hospital are informed of the severity of condition of the patient and hence can make appropriate preparations for the treatment, particularly in cases of life-threatening medical conditions like circulatory shock. Thus, in this project we have built ECG monitoring system to process the ECG signal in the ambulance and have used zigbee wireless communication to transmit the signal to the hospital server. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15057

A Wearable Platform for Patient Monitoring during Mass Casualty Incidents

Based on physiological data, intelligent algorithms can assist with the classification and recognition of the most severely impaired victims. This dissertation presents a new sensorbased triage platform with the main proposal to join different sensor and communications technologies into a portable device. This new device must be able to assist the rescue units along with the tactical planning of the operation. This dissertation discusses the implementation and the evaluation of the platform

A Wearable Platform for Patient Monitoring during Mass Casualty Incidents

Based on physiological data, intelligent algorithms can assist with the classification and recognition of the most severely impaired victims. This book presents a new sensorbased triage platform with the main proposal to join different sensor and communications technologies into a portable device. This new device must be able to assist the rescue units along with the tactical planning of the operation. This work discusses the implementation and the evaluation of the platform

Embedded Based Smart ICU-For Intelligent Patient Monitoring

Smart ICUs are networks of audio-visual communication and computer systems that link critical care doctors and nurses (intensivists) to intensive care units (ICUs) in other, remote hospitals. The intensivists in the “command center” can communicate by voice with the remote ICU personnel and can receive video communication and clinical data about the patients. Direct patient care is provided by the doctors and nurses in the remote ICU who do not have to be intensivists themselves. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of patients needing ICU care without a corresponding increase in the supply of intensivists. Smart ICUs can be a valuable resource for hospitals faced with the need to expand capacity and improve care for a growing elderly population. Evidence from some early-adopter hospitals indicates that it can leverage management of patient care by intensivists, reduce mortality rates, and reduce LOS. However, positive outcomes appear to depend on the organizational environment into which the Smart ICU is introduced. The dramatic improvements in mortality and LOS reported by some early-adopter hospitals have not been matched in most. The limited research available suggests that the best outcomes may occur in ICUs that: Can make organizational arrangements to support the management of patient care by intensivists using Smart ICU; Have little or no intensivist staff available to them in the absence of Smart ICU; Have relatively high severity-adjusted mortality and LOS rates; Are located in remote or rural areas where safe and efficient transfer of patients to regional centers for advanced critical care presents difficulties. Smart ICU connects a central command center staffed by intensivists with patients in distant ICUs. Continuous, real-time audio, video, and electronic reports of vital signs connect the command center to the patients’ bedsides. Computer-managed decision support systems track each patient’s status and give alerts when negative trends are detected and when changes in treatment patterns are scheduled. The patient data include physiological status (e.g., ECG and blood oxygenation), treatment (e.g., the infusion rate for a specific medicine or the settings on a respirator), and medical records.