A Global Hypothesis for Women in Journalism and Mass Communications: The Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum

This paper examines the status of women in communications industries and on university faculties. It specifically tests the Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum or R3 hypothesis, as developed by Rush in the early 1980s [Rush, Buck & Ogan,1982]. The R3 hypothesis predicts that the percentage of women in the communications industries and on university faculties will follow the ratio residing around 1/4:3/4 or 1/3:2/3 proportion females to males. This paper presents data from a nationwide U.S. survey and compares them to data from global surveys and United Nations reports. The evidence is overwhelming and shows the relevance and validity of the R3 hypothesis across different socio-economic and cultural contexts. The paper argues that the ratio is the outcome of systemic discrimination that operates at multiple levels. The obstacles to achieving equality in the academy as well as media industries are discussed and suggestions for breaking out of the R3 ratio are included.

Cogging torque reduction of segmented HEFSM using combined technique of notching and chamfering for performance improvement

Cogging torque is one of the factors which affect the motor in terms of vibration and non-audible noise that become serious issue in flux switching machines. It is mandatory for every motor to have low cogging torque because having low cogging torque enhancing the control based on positioning of the motor in electric vehicle drive application. This project focus on reducing the cogging torque of segmented rotor HEFSM having 24S-8P using various rotor techniques configuration such as notching (NOT) and chamfering (C.H), were examined. Then a new technique has been proposed and compared using combination of NOT and C.H for reduction of cogging torque. The new proposed design configuration has been executed using 2D commercial JMAG version 15.1 at no load and load conditions for analysing the best results. Initially techniques based on NOT and C.H has reduced the cogging torque by 46% and 57% respectively of the original value of 9.5Nm. Then a new proposed technique of combination of NOT and C.H reduced almost by 60% of the initial result simultaneously. This result is considered as the best reduced technique for reduction of cogging torque of segmented HEFSM. The performance of HEFSM segmented rotor 24S-8P has been increased by using “local optimization method” based on parameter sensitivity. The total performance torque is achieved almost 55% more than the initial torque 11.07Nm. The combined technique of NOT and C.H has successfully reduced the cogging torque which improves the motor performance in terms of acoustic noise and vibration

Hempelian and Kuhnian approaches in the philosophy of medicine: the Semmelweis case

Semmelweis?s investigations of puerperal fever are some of the most interesting in the history of medicine. This paper considers Hempel?s (1966) analysis of the Semmelweis case. It argues that this analysis is inadequate and needs to be supplemented by some Kuhnian ideas. Kuhn?s notion of paradigm needs to be modified to apply to medicine in order to take account of the classification schemes involved in medical theorising. However with a suitable modification it provides an explanation of Semmelweis?s failure which is argued to be superior to some of the external reasons often given. Despite this success in applying Kuhn?s ideas to medicine, it is argued that these ideas must be further modified to take account of the fact that medicine is not a natural science but primarily a practice designed to prevent and cure diseases

The 2010 R-ISEW (regional index of sustainable economic well-being) for all the English regions

This is the fourth consecutive report presenting R-ISEW (regional index of sustainable economic well-being) calculations for the nine Government Office Regions (GORs) of England.1 New data available in the summer of 2010 allows a continuous time series from 1994 to 2008 – 15 years. Because of the nature of the data required for the R-ISEW, there is always a two-year lag before results for any given year can be completed

CLIP/CETL Fellowship Report 2006/7: Assessing Current Industry Practices and Educational Needs in Order to Facilitate Students Transition to Work and Increase Employability.

BSc (Hons) Cosmetic Science was developed at LCF in 2000, aiming to provide the Cosmetic industry with graduates ready to work in its R&D departments. In addition to being the only BSc of the University, it was the only graduate course in the UK devoted solely to the Cosmetic industry. Within the last couple of years, the course team started feeling that this unique subject area needs some re-positioning, not only because it now faces competition from other universities, but also because the industry it serves has changed since 2000. Despite plenty of evidence of the changing face of the industry, we were not able to find any systematic analysis of how the change affects jobs, especially the knowledge and skills profile now required from young graduates. The course re-validation was imminent and I felt that it was my responsibility, as a subject leader, to get hold of the facts, which would help us move the BSc course forward. In addition to undergraduate provision, LCF has an intention to develop a post-graduate (PG) course in this area. With no model courses in the UK, a rapidly changing industry and no market research data, it would be a risky enterprise. Hence, my second aim was to collect and analyse some facts and opinions regarding this possible new PG development

Spin squeezing: transforming one-axis-twisting into two-axis-twisting

Squeezed spin states possess unique quantum correlation or entanglement that are of significant promises for advancing quantum information processing and quantum metrology. In recent back to back publications [C. Gross \textit{et al, Nature} \textbf{464}, 1165 (2010) and Max F. Riedel \textit{et al, Nature} \textbf{464}, 1170 (2010)], reduced spin fluctuations are observed leading to spin squeezing at -8.2dB and -2.5dB respectively in two-component atomic condensates exhibiting one-axis-twisting interactions (OAT). The noise reduction limit for the OAT interaction scales as $\propto 1/{N^{2/3}}$, which for a condensate with $N\sim 10^3$ atoms, is about 100 times below standard quantum limit. We present a scheme using repeated Rabi pulses capable of transforming the OAT spin squeezing into the two-axis-twisting type, leading to Heisenberg limited noise reduction $\propto 1/N$, or an extra 10-fold improvement for $N\sim 10^3$.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Guru Nanak Devji's teachings in the context of inter-faith dialogue in India

First, why I have avoided to use in this paper the expression ‘the Composite Culture’, which even is used in our Constitution of India to describe unified one culture of our country.1 It is because such a demand is not only against one of the basic realities of our Indian way of life, it also goes against the divine will, which was and is behind this created world with different shades and colours. In this regard the following observation made by Dr. Ram Singh is also noteworthy: It is debatable issue whether there is a separate entity called “composite culture” of India, or it is merely the interaction of various cultures which, instead of resulting into an integrated culture, are still in a position to maintain their separate identities. Beside what Dr. Ram Singh says, the reality is that multi or pluralism is part of our Indian or even Asian way of life. It is quite a different thing, if some of us are not willing to accept this truth. But it is still there, in the form of multi-cultures, multi-languages, multireligions and multiethnicities. Therefore the question of ‘composite culture’ is not only debatable, but also a doubtful principle, unless we are willing to take it as an eschatology reality. I do not intend to deal with this point in detail here, because of the time factor. But we may be able to come back to this question of ‘composite culture, in our discussion if you will wish to do so. ..

Chamber Music Concert, November 17, 1983

This is the concert program of the Chamber Music Concert on Thursday, November 17, 1983 at 6:00 p.m., at Marshall Room, 855 Commonwealth Avenue. Works performed were Sonatine en Trio by Maurice Ravel and String Quartet in A major, K. 464 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Humanities Library Endowed Fund

Grand Masters in the Cinquecento : their persona & death

The manuscript records of the Order of Malta understandably turn out to be rather stingy with information about the health and psychological profile of individuals. Unless illness, (e.g. insanity), hampered the proper discharge of their official functions, health remained a matter of eminently private domain. Similarly, the printed histories, foremost among all Giacomo Bosio's truly monumental and detailed chronicle of the Order from its foundation in Palestine to the year 1571, have very little about the medical problems and the passing away of dignitaries, including Grand Masters. Of course, this reticence or restraint were not peculiarities of `Maltese' recorders and historians. A `non-subjective' approach to chronicle responded closely to the ethos of the age. Why write history? The scope was to teach, in a manner faithful to truth and to theology, and to mould the spirit through learning, abstracting from personal interpolation and researches that pandered to purely subjective curiosity. One could say that, to this limited extent, history then respected privacy more than it does today.peer-reviewe