Hester Prynne, Lydia Bennet, and Section 306 Stock: The Concept of Tainting in the American Novel, the British Novel, and the Internal Revenue Code

Did Nathaniel Hawthorne\u27s novel, The Scarlet Letter, inspire Section 306 of the Internal Revenue Code? This code provision adopts a peculiarly Hawthorne-like solution to a tax avoidance scheme known as the preferred stock bailout. Section 306 taints the stock used in the scheme as Section 306 stock. Special rules then govern all subsequent dispositions of the tainted stock. With its concept of a taint that can dog a stock from acquisition to disposition, Section 306 might have been designed by a novelist rather than a tax technician

Expedition 306 summary

The overall aim of the North Atlantic paleoceanography study of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 306 is to place late Neogene–Quaternary climate proxies in the North Atlantic into a chronology based on a combination of geomagnetic paleointensity, stable isotope, and detrital layer stratigraphies, and in so doing generate integrated North Atlantic millennial-scale stratigraphies for the last few million years. To reach this aim, complete sedimentary sections were drilled by multiple advanced piston coring directly south of the central Atlantic “ice-rafted debris belt” and on the southern Gardar Drift. In addition to the North Atlantic paleoceanography study, a borehole observatory was successfully installed in a new ~180 m deep hole close to Ocean Drilling Program Site 642, consisting of a circulation obviation retrofit kit to seal the borehole from the overlying ocean, a thermistor string, and a data logger to document and monitor bottom water temperature variations through time

Asymptotic analysis of silicon based Bragg fibers

We developed an asymptotic formalism that fully characterizes the propagation and loss properties of a Bragg fiber with finite cladding layers. The formalism is subsequently applied to miniature air-core Bragg fibers with Silicon-based cladding mirrors. The fiber performance is analyzed as a function of the Bragg cladding geometries, the core radius and the material absorption. The problems of fiber core deformation and other defects in Bragg fibers are also addressed using a finite-difference time-domain analysis and a Gaussian beam approximation, respectively

UK Paramedic Rapid Sequence Intubation...Is it viable?

This report details the indications and drug requirements of Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI), then proceeds to discuss the literature and evidence surrounding RSI with a view to answering the question: Can UK Paramedics perform RSI? And more importantly, should they? The literature reviewed is taken from a variety of sources, including searches of internet material, journal articles and relevant text books, and the information critically reviewed. The report details and critiques the information gleaned and discovers that there is little in the way of research relating to Paramedic RSI, and therefore uses other appropriate studies, for example MacKay [1]. It is soon realised that even the studies that are published are not as concise as they first appear to be, some leaving large breaches in the research, and other failing to answer the questions posed. The report concludes that at present, the data that has been collected is not in favour of Paramedic administered RSI, in fact it is overwhelmingly suggested that pre-hospital RSI is actually detrimental to patient outcomes. Therefore, it is concluded that whilst UK Paramedics would be capable of administering RSI, with the evidence bias, it would not be appropriate

Reformation Christianity

Title: Reformation Christianity. Reformation Christianity xvi,306 p. Publisher: Minneapolis : Fortress, 2007. Series: A people\u27s history of Christianity ; 5

New Global Minima for Thomson's Problem of Charges on a Sphere

Using numerical arguments we find that for $N$ = 306 a tetrahedral configuration ($T_h$) and for N=542 a dihedral configuration ($D_5$) are likely the global energy minimum for Thomson's problem of minimizing the energy of $N$ unit charges on the surface of a unit conducting sphere. These would be the largest $N$ by far, outside of the icosadeltahedral series, for which a global minimum for Thomson's problem is known. We also note that the current theoretical understanding of Thomson's problem does not rule out a symmetric configuration as the global minima for N=306 and 542. We explicitly find that analogues of the tetrahedral and dihedral configurations for $N$ larger than 306 and 542, respectively, are not global minima, thus helping to confirm the theory of Dodgson and Moore (Phys. Rev. B 55, 3816 (1997)) that as $N$ grows dislocation defects can lower the lattice strain of symmetric configurations and concomitantly the energy. As well, making explicit previous work by ourselves and others, for $N<1000$ we give a full accounting of icosadeltahedral configuration which are not global minima and those which appear to be, and discuss how this listing and our results for the tetahedral and dihedral configurations may be used to refine theoretical understanding of Thomson's problem.Comment: 1- Manuscript revised. 2- A new global minimum found for a dihedral (D_5) configuration found for N=54

Variedades de crisis del mercado de capitales

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En este mundo postmoderno de gran movilidad de los capitales, los países están siendo disciplinados por el anónimo mercado de capitales. Una perspectiva de la situación, quizá la imperante entre los economistas, es que Wall Street saca de quicio porque el programa económico en uso es insostenible y es probable que se produzcan crisis. Una perspectiva polar es que los países están a merced del mercado de capitales. En este trabajo se procura acercar estas dos perspectivas, haciendo énfasis especial en las crisis de la balanza de pagos.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage: a naming of the parts

There have been many reports of groups of related Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains described variously as lineages, families or clades. There is no objective definition of these groupings making it impossible to define relationships between those groups with biological advantages. Here we describe two groups of related strains obtained from an epidemiological study in Tanzania which we define as the Kilimanjaro and Meru lineages on the basis of IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), polymorphic GC rich sequence (PGRS) RFLP and mycobacterial interspersed repeat unit (MIRU) typing. We investigated the concordance between each of the typing techniques and the dispersal of the typing profiles from a core pattern. The Meru lineage is more dispersed than the Kilimanjaro lineage and we speculate that the Meru lineage is older. We suggest that this approach provides an objective definition that proves robust in this epidemiological study. Such a framework will permit associations between a lineage and clinical or bacterial phenomenon to be tested objectively. This definition will also enable new putative lineages to be objectively tested

A Simple and Efficient Method to Mitigate the Hot Spot Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks

Much work on wireless sensor networks deals with or considers the hot spot problem, i.e., the problem that the sensor nodes closest to the base station are critical for the lifetime of the sensor network because these nodes need to relay more packet than nodes further away from the base station. Since it is often assumed that sensor nodes will become inexpensive, a simple solution to the hot spot problem is to place additional sensor nodes around the base stations. Using a simple mathematical model we discuss the possible performance gains of adding these supplementary nodes. Our results show that for certain networks only a limited number of additional nodes are required to fourfold network lifetime. We also show that the possible gain depends heavily on the fraction of nodes already present in the vicinity of the base station