Uplink (Reverse Link) Capacity of An Air-Ground W-CDMA System

In this work, the uplink capacity and the interference statistics are given for an W-CDMA 3-D Airto- Ground (AG) cellular like network assuming imperfect power control and finite transmitted power. The free space model of propagation is used to calculate the intercellular interference. The uplink capacity has been studied for different frequencies and scenarios. It has been shown that, the effect of rain is to reduce the uplink capacity and the maximum allowable cell radius. Also it is shown that, the frequency of operation should be lower or equal to 2 GHz. For a frequency of operation of 2 GHz, the cell capacity can reach 70 voice users or 46 data users when the cell radius is 350km. The new contribution of the paper is the study of the effect of the imperfect power control and the finite transmitted power on the uplink capacity of the Air-Ground system for different values of outage

WCDMA for Air to Ground and Ground to Air communications – Case Study for Greek airspace

In this paper the capacity of the Air-to-Ground and Ground to Air system is studied. The Outside Cell Interference Factor is estimated through simulations for uplink and downlink. The calculation algorithm is explained as well as the scanning mode of interfering cells around the desired cell. Results for the number of active users for various values of the maximum height of the cell and its radius are presented. A Case Study for the Athens, Thessaloniki and Iraklio airports has been made in which the number of the users per cell is being calculated for voice service of 12.2 kbps and video calls of 64 and 128 kbps

Interference Calculations for Aeronautical Communications Using Cells in Greek Airspace

The aim of this work is to study the capacity of the three dimensional cellular Air-to-Ground system. Calculations have been done through simulations of the Outside Cell Interference Factor (OCIF), for reverse and forward link, by using seven rings of interfering cells around the desired cell, for various values of the maximum height of the cell and its radius. A Case Study for the major Greek airports has been made in which the number of the users per cell is being calculated for voice service of 12.2 kbps

Interference in Air to Ground CDMA Cellular Systems

For air-to-ground cellular systems with no frequency reuse, we provide an analysis of the inter-cell interference under 3D hexagonal cell planning and a line of sight channel model with no shadowing assumptions. Based on this model, we derive approximate bounds for the inter to intra-cell interference ratio for the air-to-ground link. In addition, we provide upper bounds on the interference and the outage probability for the ground-to-air link. Simulation results demonstrate that our approximations are extremely tight.Engineering and Applied Science

3D Outside Cell Interference Factor for an Air-Ground CDMA ‘Cellular’ System

We compute the outside-cell interference factor of a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system for a three-dimensional (3-D) air-to-ground (AG) cellular-like network consisting of a set of uniformly distributed ground base stations and airborne mobile users. The CDMA capacity is roughly inversely proportional to the outside-cell interference factor. It is shown that for the nearly free-space propagation environment of these systems, the outside-cell interference factor can be larger than that for terrestrial propagation models (as expected) and depends approximately logarithmically upon both the cell height and cell radius

WCDMA for aeronautical communications

This thesis was submitted for the award of Master of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University London.In this thesis, a study of the capacity of a suggested three - dimensional Air-to-Ground cellular system is being made. The Outside Cell Interference Factor (OCIF) is being calculated through simulations for reverse and forward link using seven loops, from the interfering cells around the desired cell for different values of the maximum height of the cell and its radius. Capacity per cell as well as delay and throughput for packet data transmission was calculated for the first time through closed form equations, with the use of the load factor, the activity factor and sectoring gain using the Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) algorithm for the correction of errors. Moreover, in this thesis, the algorithm which has been created is being analyzed and used for the simulations. Moreover, for the first time, a case study has been made involving the study of capacity of the Air – to - Ground system for the airports of Greece, in three basic scenarios in which the number of the users, the delay and the throughput per cell is being calculated. In the first scenario, we are restricting to the three major airports of the country, while in the second it expands to six airports covering from the radio-coverage side almost all Greece. In the first two scenarios the same cell radius of 175 km is being used, while in the third the radius is reduced to 100 km and the airports are increased to nineteen. In all three scenarios we assume that all the users use the same service. The voice services are also studied of 12.2 kbps and data with transmission rate 64, 128 and 384 kbps. From scenarios 1 and 2 (cell radius 175 km), it was found that we can service at the same time up to 179 voice subscribers per cell at bit rate 12.2 kbps which reduces to 33 users for video call of 64 kbps and in 18 for video call of 128 kbps. In scenario 3 (cell radius 100km),it was found that we can serve at the same time until 126 voice subscribers per cell at bit rate 12.2 kbps which reduces to 23 users for video call of the 64 kbps and in 13 for video call of 128 kbps. In scenario 3 although the capacity per cell is lower than in scenarios 1 and 2, it provides greater total capacity (for all Greece) in relation to these scenarios