7,541 research outputs found
Exploring the Mechanical Behaviors of 2D Materials in Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Present Insights and Future Prospects
2D materials (2DM) and their heterostructures (2D + nD, n = 0,1,2,3) hold
significant promise for applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems
(EESS), such as batteries. 2DM can serve as van der Waals (vdW) slick interface
between conventional active materials (e.g., Silicon) and current collectors,
modifying interfacial adhesion and preventing stress-induced fractures.
Additionally, 2DM can replace traditional polymer binders (e.g., MXenes). This
arrangement also underscores the critical role of interfacial mechanics between
2DM and active materials. Furthermore, 2DM can be designed to function as an
electrode itself. For instance, a porous graphene network has been reported to
possesses approximately five times the capacity of a traditional graphite
anode. Consequently, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical
properties of 2DM in EESS is paramount. However, modeling 2DM in EESS poses
significant challenges due to the intricate coupling of mechanics and
electrochemistry. For instance, defective graphene tends to favor adatom
adsorption (e.g., Li+) during charging. In cases of strong adsorption, adatoms
may not readily detach from electrodes during discharging. As a result, in such
scenarios, adsorption-desorption (charge-discharge) processes govern the
mechanical properties of 2DM when used as binders and current collectors.
Regrettably, most existing studies on the mechanical properties of 2DM in EESS
have failed to adequately address these critical issues. This perspective paper
aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the
chemo-mechanics of 2DM's mechanical properties. A wide spectrum of multiscale
modeling approaches, including atomistic/molecular simulations, continuum
modeling, and machine learning, are discussed.Comment: 49 pages, 33 figure
Quantitative optical mapping of two-dimensional materials
The pace of two-dimensional materials (2DM) research has been greatly accelerated by the ability to identify exfoliated thicknesses down to a monolayer from their optical contrast. Since this process requires time-consuming and error-prone manual assignment to avoid false-positives from image features with similar contrast, efforts towards fast and reliable automated assignments schemes is essential. We show that by modelling the expected 2DM contrast in digitally captured images, we can automatically identify candidate regions of 2DM. More importantly, we show a computationally-light machine vision strategy for eliminating false-positives from this set of 2DM candidates through the combined use of binary thresholding, opening and closing filters, and shape-analysis from edge detection. Calculation of data pyramids for arbitrarily high-resolution optical coverage maps of two-dimensional materials produced in this way allows the real-time presentation and processing of this image data in a zoomable interface, enabling large datasets to be explored and analysed with ease. The result is that a standard optical microscope with CCD camera can be used as an analysis tool able to accurately determine the coverage, residue/contamination concentration, and layer number for a wide range of presented 2DMs
Quantum Symmetries and Strong Haagerup Inequalities
In this paper, we consider families of operators in
a tracial C-probability space , whose joint
-distribution is invariant under free complexification and the action of
the hyperoctahedral quantum groups . We prove a strong
form of Haagerup's inequality for the non-self-adjoint operator algebra
generated by , which generalizes the
strong Haagerup inequalities for -free R-diagonal families obtained by
Kemp-Speicher \cite{KeSp}. As an application of our result, we show that
always has the metric approximation property (MAP). We also apply
our techniques to study the reduced C-algebra of the free unitary
quantum group . We show that the non-self-adjoint subalgebra generated by the matrix elements of the fundamental corepresentation of
has the MAP. Additionally, we prove a strong Haagerup inequality for
, which improves on the estimates given by Vergnioux's property
RD \cite{Ve}
Shape optimization problems on metric measure spaces
We consider shape optimization problems of the form where is a metric measure space
and is a suitable shape functional. We adapt the notions of
-convergence and weak -convergence to this new general abstract
setting to prove the existence of an optimal domain. Several examples are
pointed out and discussed.Comment: 27 pages, the final publication is available at
http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-functional-analysis
Subsystem constraints in variational second order density matrix optimization: curing the dissociative behavior
A previous study of diatomic molecules revealed that variational second-order
density matrix theory has serious problems in the dissociation limit when the
N-representability is imposed at the level of the usual two-index (P, Q, G) or
even three-index (T1, T2) conditions [H. van Aggelen et al., Phys. Chem. Chem.
Phys. 11, 5558 (2009)]. Heteronuclear molecules tend to dissociate into
fractionally charged atoms. In this paper we introduce a general class of
N-representability conditions, called subsystem constraints, and show that they
cure the dissociation problem at little additional computational cost. As a
numerical example the singlet potential energy surface of BeB+ is studied. The
extension to polyatomic molecules, where more subsystem choices can be
identified, is also discussed.Comment: published version;added reference
Light spin-1/2 or spin-0 Dark Matter particles
We recall and precise how light spin-0 particles could be acceptable Dark
Matter candidates, and extend this analysis to spin-1/2 particles. We evaluate
the (rather large) annihilation cross sections required, and show how they may
be induced by a new light neutral spin-1 boson U. If this one is vectorially
coupled to matter particles, the (spin-1/2 or spin-0) Dark Matter annihilation
cross section into e+e- automatically includes a v_dm^2 suppression factor at
threshold, as desirable to avoid an excessive production of gamma rays from
residual Dark Matter annihilations. We also relate Dark Matter annihilations
with production cross sections in e+e- scatterings. Annihilation cross sections
of spin-1/2 and spin-0 Dark Matter particles are given by exactly the same
expressions. Just as for spin-0, light spin-1/2 Dark Matter particles
annihilating into e+e- could be responsible for the bright 511 keV gamma ray
line observed by INTEGRAL from the galactic bulge.Comment: 10 page
Extensive v2DM study of the one-dimensional Hubbard model for large lattice sizes: Exploiting translational invariance and parity
Using variational density matrix optimization with two- and three-index
conditions we study the one-dimensional Hubbard model with periodic boundary
conditions at various filling factors. Special attention is directed to the
full exploitation of the available symmetries, more specifically the
combination of translational invariance and space-inversion parity, which
allows for the study of large lattice sizes. We compare the computational
scaling of three different semidefinite programming algorithms with increasing
lattice size, and find the boundary point method to be the most suited for this
type of problem. Several physical properties, such as the two-particle
correlation functions, are extracted to check the physical content of the
variationally determined density matrix. It is found that the three-index
conditions are needed to correctly describe the full phase diagram of the
Hubbard model. We also show that even in the case of half filling, where the
ground-state energy is close to the exact value, other properties such as the
spin-correlation function can be flawed.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figure
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