The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors (CASBaH): Warm-hot Circumgalactic Gas Reservoirs Traced by Ne VIII Absorption

We survey the highly ionized circumgalactic media (CGM) of 29 blindly selected galaxies at 0.49 < z_(gal) < 1.44 based on high-S/N ultraviolet spectra of z > 1 QSOs and the galaxy database from the COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors (CASBaH). We detect the Ne VIII doublet in nine of the galaxies, and for gas with N(Ne VIII) > 10^13.3 cm^-2 (> 10^13.5 cm^-2), we derive a Ne VIII covering fraction f_c = 75 +15/-25% (44 +22/-20%) within impact parameter (rho) < 200 kpc of M_* = 10^(9.5-11.5) Msol galaxies and f_c = 70 +16/-22% (f_c = 42 +20/-17%) within rho < 1.5 virial radii. We estimate the mass in Ne VIII-traced gas to be M_gas(Ne VIII) > 10^9.5 Msol (Z/Zsol)^-1, or 6-20% of the expected baryonic mass if the Ne VIII absorbers have solar metallicity. Ionizing Ne VII to Ne VIII requires 207 eV, and photons with this energy are scarce in the CGM. However, for the median halo mass and redshift of our sample, the virial temperature is close to the peak temperature for the Ne VIII ion, and the Ne VIII-bearing gas is plausibly collisionally ionized near this temperature. Moreover, we find that photoionized Ne VIII requires cool and low-density clouds that would be highly underpressured (by approximately two orders of magnitude) relative to the putative, ambient virialized medium, complicating scenarios where such clouds could survive. Thus, more complex (e.g., non-equilibrium) models may be required; this first statistical sample of Ne VIII absorber/galaxy systems will provide stringent constraints for future CGM studies.Comment: Published in ApJL, Volume 877, Issue 2, Article L2

Visual Polyphony: The Role of Vision in Dostoevsky's Poetics

For Fyodor Dostoevsky, ways of seeing reflect ways of thinking about the world. This dissertation complements Mikhail Bakhtin’s analyses of Dostoevsky’s poetics by taking a visual-aesthetic approach and exploring “visual polyphony,” a concept that Bakhtin used but did not develop at length. When Dostoevsky returned from nearly ten years in exile (1849-1858), his interest in aesthetics was acute. He had intended to write a treatise on art and Christianity, but that project never materialized. Dostoevsky did, however, explore visual matters in essays of the 1860s. And vision figures prominently in his post-Siberian fiction. Each of the three chapters in this dissertation focuses on vision in Dostoevsky’s writing. The first chapter analyzes two important aesthetic statements of Dostoevsky’s journal Vremia. The first is “Petersburg Visions: In Prose and Verse” wherein Dostoevsky’s narrator declares that he is a “dreamer,” a claim that also reveals the role of imagination in Dostoevsky’s special brand of realism. In “Exhibition at the Academy of the Arts: 1860-1861,” Dostoevsky takes issue with the realism of the Academy’s prized painting, Valery Yakobi’s Prisoners’ Halt, for being too photographic in its servility to visual objectivity and outward appearance. These writings display Dostoevsky’s fascination with vision not as a passive observation, but as an active, subjective and complex process in which empirical data blends with existing narratives that dictate what the seer sees. In the second chapter, I show how Dostoevsky renders prison convicts empirically, yet empathetically in Notes from the house of the Dead (1861). The narrator Gorianchikov describes the eponymous notes as “scenes.” Through Gorianchikov, Dostoevsky maintains an exterior perspective relative to the peasant convicts’ thoughts. In this sense, Gorianchikov assumes the perspective of a realist painter, yet he manages to humanize the prisoners where Yakobi’s painting fails. This is especially evident in my analysis of what Gorianchikov calls a “strange picture,” which is his description of the prisoners gathered in anticipation of their annual Christmas theater performance. The characters of this novel number among the least psychologically penetrated in his fiction, yet Dostoevsky manages to indicate their interiority from without. In the third and final chapter, I examine Dostoevsky’s use of Holbein’s Dead Christ (1521) in The Idiot (1868). Drawing from Pavel Florensky’s explanations of Realism in visual art and reverse perspective in iconography from his article “Reverse Perspective,” I show how the Dead Christ combines Realist and reverse perspectival qualities. I use Bakhtin’s term “visual polyphony” to explain the special capacity of this painting to convey conflicting messages about Christ’s death and to elicit conflicting worldviews from Ippolit, Rogozhin and Myshkkin. The visually polyphonic painting plays a critical role in The Idiot, the most polyphonic of Dostoevsky’s novels. It reveals the visual dimensions to Dostoevsky’s polyphony: things look differently from different perspectives

Título: Olim felicis recordationis Sixtus V.

Precede al tít. : "Ad perpetuam rei memoriam"Tít. y autor tomados de comienzo de textoTexto fechado en Roma el día 3 de noviembre de 1637Sign. : A5Inicial grab. xi

Picture Word Inductive Model Effective Research as the Media for Increasing Students' Writing Aility in Descriptive Text

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah siswa yang diajar dengan picture word inductive model memiliki keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif lebih baik dari pada siswa yang diajar dengan gambar biasa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eks5perimen semu; nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas VIII.1 dan VIII.2. Kelas VIII.1 merupakan kelas control yang diajar dengan menggunakan picture biasa sedangkan kelas VIII.2 merupakan kelas experimen yang diajar dengan menggunakan picture word inductive model. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian adalah tes menulis teks deskriptif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan independent t-test. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang diajar dengan picture word inductive model mempunyai keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif lebih besar daripada siswa yang diajar dengan gambar biasa

Título: Declaratio quad per alienationem

Sign. : A4Port. con esc. papal xi

Public Policies and Private Saving in Mexico

This paper presents a variety of ideas about ways in which the government of Mexico can stimulate a higher rate of saving. These ideas are building blocks rather than an overall plan. Mexico has recently replaced its traditional pay-as-you-go social security system with a system of mandatory individual pension accounts that is likely to increase national saving and capital accumulation. The present paper focuses on other tax, regulatory and government financial policy changes that could increase the reward, the security and the liquidity of savings in ways that would raise the national saving rate. The design of the individual pension accounts (the AFORE program) is discussed in the Appendix to this paper.

Saving in Mexico: The National and International Evidence

How does Mexico’s saving performance compare to the world’s? Is Mexico ‘different’? And what drives Mexico’s saving behavior since the 1980s? This paper addresses these questions bringing together empirical evidence from Mexico with that from a large cross-country time-series data set on saving aggregates and their determinants. Using dynamic panel data estimation techniques, the paper characterizes the major factors behind world saving performance. In the light of this evidence, Mexico’s saving experience is compared to the international benchmark. Further, the paper turns to quarterly time-series evidence on saving in Mexico, and examines the factors behind the observed evolution of private and national saving using a regression framework, with particular attention to the issues of inflation adjustment and Ricardian equivalence. Key variables in Mexico’s saving performance have been the terms of trade, public saving, the real interest rate, and the inflation rate. Sustained future growth could be reinforced by a virtuous saving-growth cycle, nurtured by the strong response of private (and national) saving rates to income growth observed in the world sample.

Detection of Ne VIII in the Low-Redshift Warm-Hot IGM

High resolution FUSE and STIS observations of the bright QSO HE 0226-4110 (zem = 0.495) reveal the presence of a multi-phase absorption line system at zabs(O VI) = 0.20701 containing absorption from H I (Ly alpha to Ly theta), C III, O III, O IV, O VI, N III, Ne VIII, Si III, S VI and possibly S V. Single component fits to the Ne VIII and O VI absorption doublets yield logN(Ne VIII) = 13.89+/-0.11 and logN(O VI) = 14.37+/-0.03. The Ne VIII and O VI doublets are detected at 3.9 sigma and 16 sigma significance levels, respectively. This represents the first detection of intergalactic Ne VIII, a diagnostic of gas with temperature in the range from 5x10(5) to 1x10(6) K. The O VI and Ne VIII are not likely created in a low density medium photoionized solely by the extragalactic background at z = 0.2 since the required path length of ~11 Mpc implies the Hubble flow absorption line broadening would be ~10 times greater than the observed line widths. A collisional ionization origin is therefore more likely. Assuming [Ne/H] and [O/H] = -0.5, the value N(Ne VIII)/N(O VI) = 0.33+/-0.10 is consistent with gas in collisional ionization equilibrium near T=5.4x10(5) K with logN(H)= 19.9 and N(H)/N(H I) = 1.7x10(6). The observations support the basic idea that a substantial fraction of the baryonic matter at low redshift exists in hot very highly ionized gaseous structures.Comment: 32 pages text and 9 pages of figures. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journa