Password

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. The open-access edition of this text was made possible by a Philip Leverhulme Prize from The Leverhulme Trust. Object Lessons is a series of short, beautifully designed books about the hidden lives of ordinary things. Where does a password end and an identity begin? A person might be more than his chosen ten-character combination, but does a bank know that? Or an email provider? What’s an ‘identity theft’ in the digital age if not the unauthorized use of a password? In untangling the histories, cultural contexts and philosophies of the password, Martin Paul Eve explores how ‘what we know’ became ‘who we are’, revealing how the modern notion of identity has been shaped by the password. Ranging from ancient Rome and the ‘watchwords’ of military encampments, through the three-factor authentication systems of Harry Potter and up to the biometric scanner in the iPhone, Password makes a timely and important contribution to our understanding of the words, phrases and special characters that determine our belonging and, often, our being. Object Lessons is published in partnership with an essay series in The Atlantic

Cryptography for Human Senses

Cryptography is a key element in establishing trust and enabling services in the digital world. Currently, cryptography is realized with mathematical operations and represented in ways that are not accessible to human users. Thus, humans are left out of the loop when establishing trust and security in the digital world. In many areas the interaction between users and machines is being made more and more seamless and user-friendly, but cryptography has not really enjoyed such development. In this paper, we present ideas that could make cryptography more accessible to humans. We review previous research on this topic and some results that have been achieved. We propose several topics and problems that need to be solved in order to build cryptography for human senses. These measures range from practical implementations of existing methods and utilising a wider range of human senses all the way to building the theoretical foundations of this new form of cryptography

Password

How many passwords do we have to memorize these days? Or more likely, how many passwords must we regularly reset and later be reminded of, only to be again forgotten, lost, or discarded, seemingly ad infinitum? Martin Paul Eve's book takes up the lively history and thingliness of passwords, showing them to be pressing down on us and far more than just neutral gateways or drab data points. Touching on identity theft, the "strength" of passwords, and behavior conditioning, Eve's book gets into the inner workings of this quasi-object, showing how passwords are at once integral and abject parts of modern life