Prevalencija i kontrola termotolerantnih Campylobacter spp. u svježem mesu peradi u Maroku

The prevalence of thermo-tolerant Campylobacter spp. was investigated in the raw poultry meat freshly slaughtered and retailed in Oujda area (Morocco). The results showed a high level of contamination of 62% of the meat samples analysed. The identifi cation of the isolates showed the dominance of Campylobacter jejuni over Campylobacter coli, with frequencies of 90% and 10%, respectively. Some natural condiments, traditionally used in food preparations in Morocco, were tested for their antimicrobial activity on some isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli. Some of these condiments, including cinnamon, lemon juice, vinegar and sodium chloride showed a high inhibitory effect. While the others, including onion, lemon pH7, ginger, red and black peppers, cumin, garlic, parsley, coriander and saffron showed a slight or no inhibitory effect. The MICs of the most effective condiments were measured, and their in-vivo activity on fresh poultry meat, previously inoculated with Campylobacter cells, was evaluated. The results showed a high effectiveness of 1% (v/v) of lemon juice and vinegar and 2% (w/v) of cinnamon and sodium chloride in decontaminating the inoculated poultry meat, indicated by the elimination of Campylobacter cells to the undetectable level after 2 hours of inoculation.Prevalencija termo-tolerantnih Campylobacter spp ispitana je u sirovom mesu peradi neposredno nakon klanja i stavljanja u promet u području Oujda (Maroko). Rezultati su pokazali visok stupanj kontaminiranosti u 62% analiziranih uzoraka mesa. Identifikacija izolata pokazala je dominaciju Campylobacter jejuni nad Campylobacter coli, uz učestalost od 90% odnosno 10%. Ispitano je antimikrobijsko djelovanje nekih prirodnih začina, koji se tradicionalno koriste u pripremi hrane u Maroku, na neke izolirane sojeve vrste C.jejuni i C.coli. Pokazalo se da neki od tih začina, uključivši cimet, sok limuna, ocat i natrijev klorid, imaju snažan inhibitorni učinak. Nasuprot tome, neki drugi začini kao što su luk, limun s pH7, đumbir, crveni i crni papar, kumin, češnjak, peršin, korijander i šafran imaju slab ili nikakav inhibitorni učinak. Određene su minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije najdjelotvornijih začina, te je procijenjeno njihovo invivo djelovanje na svježe meso peradi, koje je prethodno inokulirano bakterijom. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali značajnu djelotvornost od 1% (v/v) limunovog soka i octa, odnosno 2% (t/v) cimeta i natrijevog klorida na dekontaminaciju inokuliranog mesa peradi, a što je bilo vidljivo iz eliminacije stanica bakterija do nemjerljive razine 2 sata nakon inokulacije

La relation entre la divulgation de l'information volontaire et la performance boursière : revue de littérature

<p><strong>Résumé : </strong></p><p>Ce travail vise à présenter une revue de littérature qui se focalise sur l'axe central de notre recherche, à savoir la communication financière volontaire des entreprises cotées et son impact sur la performance boursière, elle reste toujours un sujet d'actualité qui a suscité l'intérêt de plusieurs chercheurs, en effet, la divulgation de l'information financière volontaire reste comme un complément de l'information obligatoire aux yeux des acteurs économiques. Une stratégie de communication périodique et volontaire qui va au-delà des contraintes légales permet d'augmenter le capital confiance des agents économiques, séduire les intervenants sur le marché financier et contribue à la création de la valeur. Cet article propose une synthèse des recherches menées sur le thème de l'information financière volontaire et sa relation avec la performance boursière. </p><p><strong>Mots-clés : Communication financière, Information volontaire, Performance boursière. </strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p>This work aims to provide a literature review that focuses on the central axis of our research, namely the voluntary financial communication of listed companies and its impact on stock market performance. This remains a relevant topic that has attracted the interest of several researchers. Indeed, the disclosure of voluntary financial information is seen as a complement to mandatory information in the eyes of economic stakeholders. A periodic and voluntary communication strategy that goes beyond legal constraints can enhance the trust of economic agents, attract market participants, and contribute to value creation. This article offers a synthesis of research conducted on the theme of voluntary financial information and its relationship with stock market performance.</p><p><strong>Keywords: Financial communication, Voluntary information, Stock market performance</strong></p><p> </p><p> </p&gt

Assessment of the Transfer of Trace Metals to Spontaneous Plants on Abandoned Pyrrhotite Mine: Potential Application for Phytostabilization of Phosphate Wastes

The abandoned Kettara pyrrhotite mine (Marrakech region, Morocco) is a real source of acid mine drainage (AMD) and heavy metal pollution from previous mining operations—which has spread, particularly because of wind erosion. A store-and-release cover system made of phosphate wastes was built on the site for preventing AMD. To ensure the integrity of this cover and its durability, it is desirable to revegetate it (phytostabilization) with plants adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region. In this paper, a study was carried out on the spontaneous vegetation around the phosphate cover in order to consider the selection of plants to promote the stabilization of the Kettara mine tailings pond. Nine species of native plants with their rhizospheric soils growing in agricultural soils and tailings from the Kettara mine were collected, and metals (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr) were analyzed. The soil analysis showed that the tailings contained high concentrations of Cu (177.64 mg/kg) and Pb (116.80 mg/kg) and that the agricultural soil contained high concentrations of As (25.07 mg/kg) and Cu (251.96 mg/kg) exceeding the toxicity level (Cu > 100 mg/kg, Pb > 100 mg/kg, As > 20 mg/kg). The plant analysis showed low trace metal accumulation in Scolymus hispanicus, Festuca ovina, Cleome brachycarpa, Carlina involucrata and Peganum harmala. These species had a bioconcentration factor (BCF) greater than 1 and a translocation factor (TF) less than 1, demonstrating a high tolerance to trace metals. Therefore, they are good candidates for use in the phytoremediation of the Kettara mine tailings. These species could also potentially be used for the phytostabilization of the phosphate waste cover of the Kettara mine, thus completing the rehabilitation process of this area