Exploration of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Sugarcane Rhizosphere in South Sulawesi

Abstract

A survey considering the occurence of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi in sugarcane plantation field in South Sulawesi were conducted with the aim to exploit the site spesific genetic resources in relation to plant growth promotion. Eleven soil samples were collected from sugarcane rhizosphere in three districts of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. Six samples of sugarcane varieties CM 2012, PS 862, PS 864, TK 386, BL, and Triton were taken from Takalar district; two samples of sugarcane varieties, CM 2012 and TK 386 were from Jeneponto district; and three samples taken from Gowa district were varieties of PS 862 and TK 386. The study informed that ten different types of AM fungi were found in three districts of South Sulawesi province included three families of the fungi i.e. Glomaceae, Acaulosporaceae, and Gigasporaceae. Glomus and Gigaspora genera have similiar abundance and spores characteristics in three districts and indicate that these genera have a wide spread in and have high capability associated with sugarcane. The greatest mycorrhizal diversity was in Gowa district with four types of mycorrhizal genera found i.e. Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora and Sclerocystis