Integrating Traditional Islamic Pedagogy and Communicative Language Teaching: The Use of the Muhādatsah Method in Arabic Speaking Instruction

Abstract

Arabic language competence is essential in pesantren education for understanding classical texts, engaging in religious discourse, and academic communication. Despite emphasis on grammar and translation, many students lack active speaking skills (mahārah al-kalām). This study examines the implementation of the muhādatsah method at Sunan Drajat Islamic Boarding School, Lamongan, analyzing student responses and its impact on speaking skills. Using a qualitative classroom action research design over two cycles with third-semester students, speaking performance was assessed via a rubric covering fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and communicative confidence. Data were collected through observations, interviews, field notes, and pre- and post-assessments, analyzed descriptively with simple score comparisons. Findings indicate that systematic muhādatsah practice improved fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, and confidence, fostering engagement. Despite small sample size and context-specific limitations, muhādatsah is effective for enhancing Arabic speaking skills in pesantren contexts.Kompetensi berbahasa Arab sangat penting dalam pendidikan pesantren untuk memahami teks klasik, berpartisipasi dalam diskusi keagamaan, dan komunikasi akademik. Meskipun pembelajaran menekankan tata bahasa dan terjemahan, banyak siswa masih kurang dalam keterampilan berbicara aktif (mahārah al-kalām). Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan metode muhādatsah di Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat, Lamongan, menilai respons siswa dan dampaknya terhadap keterampilan berbicara. Penelitian menggunakan desain classroom action research kualitatif selama dua siklus dengan mahasiswa semester tiga. Kinerja berbicara dinilai melalui rubrik yang mencakup kefasihan, pengucapan, kosakata, tata bahasa, dan percaya diri komunikatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan, serta asesmen sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran, dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan perbandingan sederhana. Hasil menunjukkan penerapan muhādatsah secara sistematis meningkatkan kefasihan, pengucapan, kosakata, dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Meskipun terbatas sampel dan konteks, metode ini efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara bahasa Arab di pesantren