O papel da inteligência artificial na transformação das bibliotecas universitárias: uma revisão sistemática: The role of artificial intelligence in the transformation of university libraries: a systematic review

Abstract

University libraries are undergoing significant transformations, driven by new user demands and technological advances. More than just access to collections, users expect personalized services, fast information retrieval, and innovative solutions tailored to their current academic needs. In this scenario, artificial intelligence (AI) presents itself as a strategic resource capable of redefining services and improving the information experience. The objective of this study is to identify, through a systematic literature review (SLR), the advances of AI in university libraries. The SLR was adopted as a method to map scientific production on the topic, analyzing evidence and pointing out research gaps. For this purpose, studies were selected from the CAPES journal portal, considering criteria of relevance, time frame, and thematic alignment. The results show that the application of AI has already surpassed the experimental phase and is being implemented in various sectors of libraries. Noteworthy uses include service personalization, increased operational efficiency, error reduction, and expanded remote access. Among the tools analyzed, generative artificial intelligence stands out, especially ChatGPT, due to its widespread use and versatility, supporting activities such as user guidance, bibliographic recommendations, cataloging, and teaching and research support. The study also identified critical aspects that must be considered, such as ethical issues, professional training, and the integration of AI with existing systems. The main contribution of the study is to provide an updated overview of the implementation of AI in university libraries, highlighting opportunities and challenges. The results provide theoretical and practical support for researchers, managers, and librarians, reinforcing the role of libraries as spaces for innovation in the university environment.Resumo: As bibliotecas universitárias estão passando por transformações significativas, impulsionadas pelas novas demandas dos usuários e pelos avanços tecnológicos. Mais do que o simples acesso a acervos, os usuários esperam serviços personalizados, agilidade na recuperação da informação e soluções inovadoras ajustadas às suas atuais necessidades acadêmicas. Nesse cenário, a inteligência artificial (IA) se apresenta como um recurso estratégico capaz de redefinir serviços e melhorar a experiência informacional. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL), os avanços da IA nas bibliotecas universitárias. A RSL foi adotada como método para mapear a produção científica sobre o tema, analisando evidências e apontando lacunas de pesquisa. Para isso, foram selecionados estudos no portal de periódicos da CAPES, considerando critérios de relevância, recorte temporal e alinhamento temático. Os resultados evidenciam que a aplicação da IA já ultrapassa a fase experimental, sendo implementada em diversos setores das bibliotecas. Quanto ao uso destacam-se a personalização dos serviços, o aumento da eficiência operacional, a redução de erros e a ampliação do acesso remoto. Entre as ferramentas analisadas, sobressai a inteligência artificial generativa, em especial o ChatGPT, pela ampla utilização e versatilidade, apoiando atividades como orientação aos usuários, recomendações bibliográficas, catalogação, e suporte ao ensino e à pesquisa. O estudo também identificou aspectos críticos que devem ser considerados, como questões éticas, capacitação profissional e integração da IA com sistemas já existentes. A principal contribuição do estudo é oferecer um panorama atualizado sobre a implementação da IA em bibliotecas universitárias, ressaltando oportunidades e desafios. Os resultados fornecem subsídios teóricos e práticos para pesquisadores, gestores e bibliotecários, reforçando o papel das bibliotecas como espaços de inovação no âmbito universitário. Palavras-Chave: Inteligência artificial. Bibliotecas universitárias. Revisão sistemática de literatura.   Abstract: University libraries are undergoing significant transformations, driven by new user demands and technological advances. More than just access to collections, users expect personalized services, fast information retrieval, and innovative solutions tailored to their current academic needs. In this scenario, artificial intelligence (AI) presents itself as a strategic resource capable of redefining services and improving the information experience. The objective of this study is to identify, through a systematic literature review (SLR), the advances of AI in university libraries. The SLR was adopted as a method to map scientific production on the topic, analyzing evidence and pointing out research gaps. For this purpose, studies were selected from the CAPES journal portal, considering criteria of relevance, time frame, and thematic alignment. The results show that the application of AI has already surpassed the experimental phase and is being implemented in various sectors of libraries. Noteworthy uses include service personalization, increased operational efficiency, error reduction, and expanded remote access. Among the tools analyzed, generative artificial intelligence stands out, especially ChatGPT, due to its widespread use and versatility, supporting activities such as user guidance, bibliographic recommendations, cataloging, and teaching and research support. The study also identified critical aspects that must be considered, such as ethical issues, professional training, and the integration of AI with existing systems. The main contribution of the study is to provide an updated overview of the implementation of AI in university libraries, highlighting opportunities and challenges. The results provide theoretical and practical support for researchers, managers, and librarians, reinforcing the role of libraries as spaces for innovation in the university environment.  Keywords: Artificial intelligence. University libraries. Systematic literature review