Chlorpyriphos Induced Histological Deformities In Hepato-Renal Organs Of Fish, Channa Gachua (F. Hamilton)

Abstract

Chlorpyriphos is used world wide to control different insect pests in agricultural, residential and commercial settings due to its low persistence and high toxicity. Such type of insecticides reaches to the fresh water bodies through agricultural, industrial and domestic runoff and exerts their detrimental effects on non target organisms. Therefore the present investigation was aimed to assess the histological deformities in liver and kidney of fresh water fish, Channa gachua after acute exposure to chlorpyriphos. In a short term (96 hrs.) study healthy fish were exposed to 35 ppm (LC0) concentration and 50 ppm (LC50) concentration of chlorpyriphos and simultaneously control group was run. In liver the significant alternation was also observed at both concentrations such as increased sinusoidal spaces, hepatic cord disarray, pyknosis, karyolysis, vacuolation, lipid infiltration, raptured blood vessel, degeneration of hepatopancrease. In kidney at both concentration, sever degeneration and necrosis of hematopoietic tissue, vacuolization, degeneration of glomerulus and destruction of glomerular capillaries, hypertrophied renal tubular cells and nuclear hypertrophy, karyolysis in the renal tubular cells, epithelial lifting was also observed. Dose dependent profound effect was observed in liver and kidney of fish which were become more sever at higher concentration. The deformities in hepato-renal organs shows real picture of adverse consequences of toxic substances on commercially important and edible fishes. Thus results are significant from environmental pollution and human health point of view.