Chemical Methods of Water Purification in Uzbekistan

Abstract

Uzbekistan faces a serious environmental problem of water pollution due to intensive industrial activity, exacerbated by outdated water treatment infrastructure and poorly coordinated water resource management. Industrial and domestic wastewater often contains a mixture of chemical contaminants, including suspended solids, heavy metals, and organic compounds, posing a significant risk to the quality of surface and groundwater. The solution to these problems lies in technological modernization and the scientifically sound application of chemical water treatment methods, based on the experience of other countries. International experience from countries with similar problems will help Uzbekistan develop its own comprehensive approach to addressing water pollution using chemical methods. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of scientific literature, official documents, and case studies from Uzbekistan and selected countries with advanced water treatment systems. The international experience of Germany, Singapore, and Japan is analyzed to assess the effectiveness of integrating chemical treatment methods into regulated water resource management systems in Uzbekistan. This study examines key chemical water treatment methods widely used in Uzbekistan, including chemical softening, chlorination, and activated carbon adsorption. The results show that although many chemical water treatment methods in Uzbekistan are scientifically sound, their effectiveness is limited by fragmented application, insufficient monitoring, and poor integration into multi-stage treatment schemes. The study concludes that implementing international practices could significantly improve water quality and promote sustainable water resource management in Uzbekistan