Personality, psychological profile and motor-cognitive performance in patients with fibromyalgia: a pilot study

Abstract

Background: Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, disturbances in cognitive and emotional functioning. Cognitive impairment (so-called "fibrofog") is increasingly recognized as a central feature of fibromyalgia. However, its relationship with psychological traits and personality dimensions remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to examine the interaction between cognitive performance, emotional states, and personality traits in individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Methods: This descriptive pilot study involved 10 female outpatients diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Participants underwent a comprehensive assessment including neuropsychological, psychological, personality, and motor evaluations. Instruments used included the Young Schema Questionnaire, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Brief COPE questionnaire, and a battery of cognitive and motor tests. Statistical analyses were conducted using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: The most frequently observed maladaptive personality schemas were self-sacrifice (80%) and unrelenting standards (70%). Trait anxiety was present in 80% of participants, and depressive symptoms were reported by 90%. While short-term and long-term memory were generally preserved, 80% of participants showed deficits in divided attention, and 40% demonstrated impaired mobility under dual-task conditions. Significant correlations were found between anxiety and cognitive flexibility, as well as between coping strategies and working memory performance. Conclusions: Patients with fibromyalgia exhibit a complex cognitive-emotional profile characterized by attentional deficits, maladaptive personality traits, and elevated psychological distress. These findings emphasize the importance of multidimensional assessment and suggest that interventions targeting personality schemas and coping mechanisms may improve cognitive and functional outcomes in this population